Deck 14: B: Central Nervous System

Question 1

The brainstem does not include the:

A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) midbrain.
D) cerebellum.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The vomiting reflex is mediated by the:

A) cerebrum.
B) medulla.
C) thalamus.
D) cerebellum.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by filtration of blood in the:

A) central canal.
B) choroid plexuses.
C) subarachnoid space.
D) arachnoid villi.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

If the ventral nerve root of a spinal nerve were destroyed,a person would lose _____ related to that pathway.

A) sensory perception
B) willed movement
C) only reflex activity
D) both reflex activity and sensation

Question 5

The innermost layer of the meninges is the:

A) pia mater.
B) arachnoid membrane.
C) dura mater.
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 6

The spinal tract that is located in the side of the cord,originates in the brain,and terminates in the spinal cord is the _____ tract.

A) lateral corticospinal
B) ventral spinothalamic
C) dorsal corticospinal
D) lateral spinothalamic

Question 7

Several "vital centers" are located in the:

A) basal ganglia.
B) cerebrum.
C) cerebellum.
D) medulla.

Question 8

There are _____ ventricles in the brain.

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 9

Meningitis refers to inflammation of the:

A) brain.
B) meninges.
C) spinal cord.
D) cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 10

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles,into the central canal and _____,and is absorbed back into the blood.

A) subarachnoid space
B) choroid plexuses
C) spinal cord
D) intraventricular foramen

Question 11

Nerve fibers of the spinothalamic tract are:

A) sensory.
B) motor.
C) descending.
D) none of the above.

Question 12

The pyramids are formed in the:

A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) midbrain.
D) cerebellum.

Question 13

If the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerve were destroyed,a person would lose _____ related to that pathway.

A) sensory perception
B) willed movement
C) only reflex activity
D) both reflex activity and sensation

Question 14

The main divisions of the central nervous system are the:

A) brain, spinal cord, and autonomic nerves.
B) brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
C) brain and spinal cord.
D) sensory division and motor division.

Question 15

Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the:

A) subarachnoid space.
B) central canal.
C) third ventricle.
D) subdural space.

Question 16

Impulses sent over which of the following tracts could result in voluntary movement,especially of the hands,fingers,feet,and toes of the opposite side?

A) Medial reticulospinal
B) Lateral reticulospinal
C) Ventral corticospinal
D) Lateral corticospinal

Question 17

Which of the following is not true?

A) The spinal cord does not completely fill the spinal cavity.
B) The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum to the first lumbar vertebra.
C) One bundle of nerve fibers (nerve roots) projects from each side of the spinal cord.
D) The spinal cord has anterior and posterior grooves that almost divide the cord into symmetrical halves.

Question 18

Which of the following is not true of the lateral corticospinal tract fibers?

A) Most decussate.
B) Most inhibit the lower motor neuron.
C) They are referred to as pyramidal pathways.
D) They originate in the cerebral cortex.

Question 19

The layer of the meninges that serves as the inner periosteum of the cranial bone is the:

A) pia mater.
B) arachnoid membrane.
C) dura mater.
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 20

The brain has _____ major divisions.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 6
D) 8

Question 21

The part of the brain that can directly influence or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary is the:

A) hypothalamus.
B) thalamus.
C) medulla.
D) midbrain.

Question 22

Impulses from the _____ play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum.

A) pons
B) thalamus
C) cerebellum
D) hypothalamus

Question 23

The part of the cerebrum associated with anger,fear,and sorrow is(are)the:

A) limbic system.
B) corpus callosum.
C) temporal lobes.
D) caudate nucleus.

Question 24

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

A) Production of hormones
B) "Go between" of the psyche and the soma
C) Appetite center
D) Regulation of motor activity

Question 25

The part of the brain that assists in the maintenance of balance is the:

A) medulla.
B) pons.
C) cerebellum.
D) hypothalamus.

Question 26

The white matter of the cerebellum is called the:

A) arbor vitae.
B) vermis.
C) peduncle.
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 27

Which part of the brain releases the hormone melatonin?

A) Hypothalamus
B) Thalamus
C) Pineal gland
D) Cerebellum

Question 28

Which of the following is not a brain wave measurement?

A) Theta
B) Zeta
C) Delta
D) Beta

Question 29

The fourth ventricle is located:

A) in the left cerebral hemisphere.
B) in the right cerebral hemisphere.
C) below and medial to the lateral ventricles.
D) where the cerebellum attaches to the brainstem.

Question 30

Going from superior to inferior,the structures of the brainstem would be:

A) pons, midbrain, medulla oblongata.
B) midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
C) midbrain, medulla oblongata, pons.
D) medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain.

Question 31

The falx cerebelli separates the:

A) two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
B) cerebellum from the cerebrum.
C) two hemispheres of the cerebrum.
D) dura mater from the arachnoid.

Question 32

The type of brain waves associated with deep sleep is:

A) beta.
B) theta.
C) zeta.
D) delta.

Question 33

The cerebellum performs all of the following functions except:

A) coordinates control of muscle action.
B) helps control posture.
C) controls cardiac function.
D) controls skeletal muscles to maintain balance.

Question 34

Impulses from which system play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum?

A) Reticular activating system
B) Limbic system
C) Cerebral cortex
D) Cerebellar cortex

Question 35

The areas specializing in language functions are found in the left cerebral hemisphere in:

A) about 10% of the population.
B) about 50% of the population.
C) about 90% of the population.
D) all people.

Question 36

The layer of the meninges that adheres to the outer surface of the brain is the:

A) pia mater.
B) arachnoid membrane.
C) dura mater.
D) None of the above are correct.

Question 37

A lesion in the cerebral cortex might result in:

A) motor deficits.
B) sensory deficits.
C) intellectual impairment.
D) any of the above.

Question 38

A person who is awake,alert,and attentive would have a predominance of _____ brain waves.

A) beta
B) theta
C) zeta
D) delta

Question 39

Audition is a function of the _____ lobe.

A) occipital
B) temporal
C) parietal
D) frontal

Question 40

The cerebellum acts with the _____ to produce skilled movement.

A) hypothalamus
B) thalamus
C) pons
D) cerebrum

Question 41

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is not important in memory function?

A) Frontal
B) Occipital
C) Temporal
D) Parietal

Question 42

Which of the following structures is not part of the spinal cord?

A) Gray commissure
B) Conus medullaris
C) Cauda equine
D) All of the above are part of the spinal cord.

Question 43

If a person received a lumbar puncture that removed 15 ml of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal cord,that amount would be about what percent of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A) 20%
B) 10%
C) 5%
D) 25%

Question 44

The corpus callosum connects the:

A) cerebral hemispheres.
B) hippocampus.
C) mammillary body.
D) central sulcus.

Question 45

Axons from the gray horns of the spinal cord terminate in:

A) the cerebral cortex.
B) sensory receptors.
C) skeletal muscle.
D) none of the above.

Question 46

The body's biological clock is controlled by the:

A) pons.
B) thalamus.
C) cerebellum.
D) pineal body.

Question 47

Which of the following is not an inward extension of the dura mater?

A) Falx callosum
B) Falx cerebri
C) Falx cerebelli
D) Tentorium cerebelli

Question 48

The epidural space is:

A) just below the dura mater.
B) just below the arachnoid mater.
C) found only in the area of the spinal cord.
D) between the arachnoid mater and pia mater.

Question 49

Which of the following is not a somatic sense?

A) Touch
B) Pressure
C) Proprioception
D) All of the above are somatic senses.

Question 50

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is not involved in the language function?

A) Frontal
B) Occipital
C) Temporal
D) All of the above are involved in language function.

Question 51

The nervous system is divided into two major divisions,the:

A) brain and spinal cord.
B) central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
C) cerebrum and cerebellum.
D) afferent and efferent.

Question 52

A way to distinguish between the anterior and posterior part of the spinal cord is the:

A) dura mater is thickest on the posterior side.
B) posterior fissure is deeper and wider than the anterior fissure.
C) anterior fissure is deeper and wider than the posterior fissure.
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 53

Besides protection,the cerebrospinal fluid helps regulate:

A) oxygen content of the body.
B) carbon dioxide content of the body.
C) pH of the body.
D) both B and C.

Question 54

The corpus callosum is composed of _____ tracts.

A) commissural
B) projection
C) association
D) spinothalamic

Question 55

The part of the cerebrum integral to articulating words is:

A) Broca's area.
B) the reticular activating system.
C) the limbic system.
D) the insula.

Question 56

The central section of the cerebellum is called the:

A) arbor vitae.
B) vermis.
C) central sulcus.
D) longitudinal fissure.

Question 57

The foramen magnum is the structure that divides the:

A) medulla oblongata from the pons.
B) pons from the midbrain.
C) medulla oblongata from the spinal cord.
D) brainstem from the cerebellum.

Question 58

As you move from the spinal cord up the central nervous system,the:

A) structural complexity increases.
B) functional complexity increases.
C) structural complexity decreases but the functional complexity increases.
D) Both A and B occur.

Question 59

The filum terminale is part of the:

A) cerebellum.
B) cerebrum.
C) spinal cord.
D) meninges.

Question 60

The layer of meninges least likely to be involved in meningitis is the:

A) dura mater.
B) arachnoid layer.
C) pia mater.
D) All layers are equally likely to be involved.

Question 61

Which statement explains how the lack of dopamine physiologically affects those individuals suffering from Parkinson disease?

A) Without dopamine, the excitatory effects of acetylcholine are not restrained, thus postural muscles are overstimulated.
B) Without dopamine, the excitatory effects of acetylcholine are inhibited, thus relaxing postural muscles.
C) Without dopamine, the inhibitory effects of acetylcholine are not restrained, thus postural muscles are overstimulated.
D) Without dopamine, the inhibitory effects of acetylcholine are restrained, thus relaxing postural muscles.

Question 62

What structure is the deepest groove in the cerebrum?

A) Central sulcus
B) Fissure of Rolando
C) Fissure of Sylvius
D) Longitudinal fissure

Question 63

The dentate nuclei are an important pair of nuclei in which part of the central nervous system?

A) Midbrain
B) Cerebrum
C) Cerebellum
D) Hypothalamus

Question 64

Which of the following is not a true statement about the cerebellum?

A) Its name means "little brain."
B) It has more neurons than any other part of the nervous system.
C) Gray matter makes up the exterior cortex.
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 65

Which of the following structures is not part of the diencephalon?

A) Thalamus
B) Arbor vitae
C) Pineal gland
D) All of the above structures are part of the diencephalon.

Question 66

The olive is found in what part of the brain?

A) Medulla oblongata
B) Pons
C) Midbrain
D) Cerebellum

Question 67

The corpora quadrigemina is a landmark of which part of the central nervous system?

A) Midbrain
B) Cerebellum
C) Hypothalamus
D) Cerebrum

Question 68

Since her fall several weeks ago,Juanita has drifted into and out of consciousness.Her arousal and/or alerting mechanisms apparently are not functioning properly.What specific area of the brain is most likely responsible for these factors?

A) Cerebellum
B) Corpora quadrigemina
C) Reticular activating system
D) Thalamus

Question 69

What lobe of the cerebrum cannot be seen in an exterior view?

A) Temporal
B) Insula
C) Parietal
D) Occipital

Question 70

What part of the brain can produce a hormone?

A) Thalamus
B) Pineal gland
C) Hypothalamus
D) Both B and C

Question 71

The spinal cord ends at vertebra L1 in a narrowed area called the:

A) cauda equine.
B) filum terminale.
C) conus medullaris.
D) funiculi terminale.

Question 72

What structure drains cerebrospinal fluid into the third ventricle?

A) Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius)
B) Interventricular foramen (of Monro)
C) Lateral foramina (of Luschka)
D) Cisterna magna

Question 73

Which groove is between the frontal and parietal lobes?

A) Central sulcus
B) Lateral fissure
C) Fissure of Sylvius
D) Longitudinal fissure

Question 74

William was recently involved in a serious automobile accident.As a result,he has had difficulty controlling his skeletal muscles and maintaining his balance.What part of the nervous system was most likely damaged?

A) Cerebellum
B) Cerebral cortex
C) Myelin sheath of the peripheral neurons
D) Pineal gland

Question 75

When someone close to you dies,you feel a sense of sorrow among other emotions.Your ability to experience emotions is the result of the:

A) caudate nucleus.
B) limbic system.
C) pineal gland.
D) reticular activating system.

Question 76

The distinction between the reticulospinal and rubrospinal tracts of the spinal cord is that the rubrospinal tract coordinates:

A) body movement and posture and the reticulospinal tract maintains posture during movement.
B) head and neck movement and the reticulospinal tract maintains posture.
C) pain and temperature response, and the reticulospinal tract handles crude touch and pressure.
D) unconscious kinesthesia, and the reticulospinal tract maintains posture.

Question 77

Secondary sensory neurons conduct impulses from the spinal cord or brainstem to the:

A) hypothalamus.
B) thalamus.
C) cerebellum.
D) parietal lobe of the cerebrum.

Question 78

During your lifetime,you are capable of remembering such things as telephone numbers,social security numbers,and song lyrics from many years ago.Your ability to perform these long-term memory tasks is possible because:

A) the right and left hemispheres specialize in cerebral functions such as short-term and long-term recognition.
B) repeated impulse conduction over a given neuronal circuit produces synaptic changes, which facilitates impulse transmission at the synapse.
C) the spinothalamic pathway provides discrimination of short-term and long-term memories.
D) extrapyramidal tracts consist of numerous relays of motor neurons that facilitate impulse transmission at the synapse.

Question 79

What structure drains cerebrospinal fluid into the fourth ventricle?

A) Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius)
B) Interventricular foramen (of Monro)
C) Lateral foramina (of Luschka)
D) Cisterna magna

Question 80

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the midbrain?

A) It contains the inferior colliculi where auditory centers are located.
B) It contains the superior colliculi where visual centers are located.
C) It contains the red nucleus and black matter that are involved in muscle control.
D) All of the above are correct statements about the midbrain.