Deck 12: Food and Nutrient Delivery: Complementary and Integrative Medicine and Dietary Supplementation

Question 1

For which medical diagnosis is CAM most frequently used in the United States?

A)Headache
B)Arthritis
C)Head cold
D)Back pain

Answer 1

D
CAM was most used for treatment of back pain as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Head cold treatment was the second most common use of CAM.CAM treatment of arthritis is the fifth most commonly reported use, and treatment of headaches the eighth most commonly reported use.

Question 2

According to the FDA, which of the following descriptions applies to a dietary supplement?

A)Ingested to affect structure or function of the body
B)Consumed for its taste, aroma, or nutritive value
C)Used to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease
D)Applied to the body for cleansing, beautifying, or altering appearance

Answer 2

A
A dietary supplement will be taken to either affect structure or function of the body or to supplement the diet.Food is consumed for its taste, aroma, or nutritive value.Only drugs are classified as being able to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease.Cosmetics are applied to the body for cleansing, beautifying, or altering appearance.

Question 3

Which of the following types of claims was first established under DSHEA?

A)Authoritative statements
B)Health claims
C)Nutrition claims
D)Structure-function claims

Answer 3

D
Structure-function claims were developed under DSHEA to provide for label statements that address physiologic effects of product content in supplements.This was a compromise with the supplement industry so that the supplement producers did not have to provide documented evidence to support health claims.The problem with these claims is that consumers cannot distinguish between these and health claims.Authoritative statements were established under the FDA Modernization Act of 1997 to allow for health claims based on published statements from authoritative organizations.Both health and nutrition claims were established under the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that there has been an increased usage of CAM in the United States?

A)CAM is not as expensive as conventional medicine.
B)CAM is used when conventional medicine has little to offer in effective treatment.
C)CAM is used when conventional medicine has significant risks and side effects.
D)CAM has a history of efficacy in treatment of some conditions.

Question 5

Which type of holistic therapy is based on the belief that you treat like with like?

A)Homeopathy
B)Naturopathy
C)Traditional Oriental medicine
D)Phytotherapy

Question 6

The most commonly used dietary supplement in the United States is a _____ supplement.

A)calcium
B)vitamin C
C)vitamin E
D)general multivitamin-mineral supplement

Question 7

Which botanical formulations involve water-based extraction and brewing?

A)Extracts
B)Infusions
C)Tablets
D)Tinctures

Question 8

According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, art and music therapy are classified as

A)manipulative therapies.
B)energy therapies.
C)alternative medical systems.
D)mind-body therapies.

Question 9

Which CAM would be considered a manipulative therapy?

A)Homeopathy
B)Yoga
C)Cognitive behavior therapy
D)Magnetic therapy

Question 10

Which of the following trends regarding use of dietary supplements is TRUE?

A)Supplements are used more frequently by younger as opposed to older adults.
B)Supplements are used more frequently by minorities than whites.
C)Supplements are used more frequently by people who read food labels.
D)Supplements are used more frequently by people with BMIs above 25 kg/m2.

Question 11

During a nutrition assessment, the patient indicates that she uses a particular dietary supplement.At a minimum, what aspects of the supplement should be researched and reviewed before making a recommendation for continued use?

A)The supplement's efficacy, its application to the cited health problem, and its safety
B)The source or origin of the supplement, its safety, and alternative treatments for the health problem
C)The CDR's evaluation of the supplement, the administration instructions, and the potential side effects
D)The form of the supplement, its application to the cited health problem, and its mechanism of action

Question 12

The most commonly reported CAM practice in the United States is

A)prayer.
B)meditation.
C)natural product use.
D)herbal supplement use.

Question 13

What is the term that refers to the dislocation of part of the body, which is thought to interfere with normal nerve function?

A)Moxibustion
B)Subluxation
C)Meridian
D)Pharmacognosy

Question 14

What is the name of the process in which a homeopathic remedy is shaken more than 100 times?

A)Moxibustion
B)Succussion
C)Pharmacognosy
D)Potentization

Question 15

Which of the following assures that a dietary supplement is a quality product that contains what the label states?

A)CDR
B)DSHEA
C)FDA
D)GMP

Question 16

Decoction is made by

A)steeping fresh or dried herbs in hot water for a few minutes.
B)extracting active components of an herb in glycerol.
C)enclosing herbal material in a hard shell made from plant-derived cellulose.
D)boiling plant components for 30 to 60 minutes.

Question 17

Which type of holistic therapy is based on the belief that Qi is the balancing force of the body?

A)Homeopathy
B)Naturopathy
C)Traditional Chinese medicine
D)Phytotherapy

Question 18

Which program has developed fact sheets about dietary supplements that can be used by health professionals to educate clients?

A)NCCAM
B)ODS
C)FDA
D)AHRQ