Deck 7: The Family and Delinquency

Question 1

In ________________________, the Supreme Court ruled that the due process clause of the Constitution protects against government interference with certain fundamental rights and liberty interests, including parents' fundamental right to make decisions concerning the care, custody, and control of their children.

A)Jones v. Kentucky
B)White v. Illinois
C)Troxel v. Granville
D)Kramer v. Kramer

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following children is least likely to live in a two-parent household?

A)an African American child
B)an Asian American child
C)a Hispanic child
D)a White non-Hispanic child

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following statements about gender-specific effects of divorce is false?

A)Boys seem to be more affected by the post-divorce absence of the father
B)Girls are more affected by both the quality of the mother's parenting
C)Boys are more affected by post-divorce parental conflict
D)Boys are less likely to become delinquent if the divorced fathers remain actively involved in their lives

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Large families may suffer from _______________________ when resources are spread too thin.

A)Mother Hubbard syndrome
B)Walton's syndrome
C)resource dilution
D)resource competition

Question 5

Which of the following is not one of the factors presented in the text as playing a role in intergenerational deviance?

A)genetic factors
B)stigma
C)parenting
D)ethnicity

Question 6

In the United States today, an estimated ________ children die each year because of abuse.

A)500
B)900
C)1200
D)1600

Question 7

___________________ is manifested by constant criticism and rejection of the child by the parents.

A)Physical abuse
B)Physical neglect
C)Emotional abuse
D)Educational neglect

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a blended family?

A)nuclear families made up of two parents, their children, and grandparents
B)nuclear families made up of two parents and their children
C)nuclear made up of children and one single parent
D)nuclear families that are the produce of divorce and remarriage

Question 9

Which of the following children is most likely to live in a two-parent household?

A)an African American child
B)an Asian American child
C)a Hispanic child
D)a White non-Hispanic child

Question 10

Nye established a link between parental conflict and delinquency with the finding that:

A)children of carnival workers have higher delinquency rates than other groups
B)a child's perception of marital happiness was a significant predictor of delinquency
C)children who witness marital violence have higher delinquency rates than other groups
D)children who are victimized in the home have higher delinquency rates than other groups

Question 11

According to the text, there are four categories of family dysfunction that seem to promote delinquent behavior. Which of the following is not one of these four categories?

A)family breakup
B)family conflict
C)family effectiveness
D)family makeup

Question 12

A study of more than 4,000 youths in Denver, Pittsburgh, and Rochester found that the more often a child is forced to go through family transitions:

A)the more his or her grades suffer
B)the more likely he or she is to be diagnosed with clinical depression
C)the more likely he or she is to become extroverted
D)the more likely he or she is to become delinquent

Question 13

Today about ___________ of African American children live in a two-parent household.

A)one-quarter
B)half
C)two-thirds
D)one-fifth

Question 14

Which of the following statements about child abuse and neglect is false?

A)parents who themselves suffered abuse tend to abuse their own children
B)isolated and alienated families tend to become abusive
C)victimization rates are higher for older children than their younger brothers and sisters
D)African-American children suffer child abuse rates far higher than European American children

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the American family is false?

A)about two-thirds of underage children live in two-parent families
B)about 75 percent of African America children will experience parental separation or divorce
C)about one-quarter of all mothers of school-age children are employed
D)none of the above statements are false

Question 16

___________________ refers to deprivations children suffer at the hands of their parents, such as lack of food, shelter, and adequate health care.

A)Physical abuse
B)Physical neglect
C)Emotional abuse
D)Educational neglect

Question 17

A ____________________ is a lawyer appointed by the court to look after the interests of those who do not have the capacity to assert their own rights.

A)guardian ad litem
B)attorney del casa
C)counsel del rio
D)counselor de prima

Question 18

Psychologists suggest that maltreatment encourages children to use ________________ as a means of solving problems and prevents them from feeling empathy for others.

A)rationality
B)aggression
C)introspection
D)resistance

Question 19

About 90 percent of day care providers:

A)routinely pass the stringent licensing requirements
B)routinely keep youths in holding pens to manage their behavior
C)have been under investigation at some time or another
D)operate "underground"

Question 20

What percentage of American children currently live in poverty?

A)25 percent
B)35 percent
C)15 percent
D)5 percent

Question 21

Research studies indicate that good parenting only lowers the risk of delinquency for children living in affluent areas.

Question 22

Children growing up in families disrupted by parental death are less adjusted than children of divorce.

Question 23

At the _____________________, the attorney for the social service agency presents an overview of the case and the evidence; matters such as admissibility of photos and written reports are settled. The attorneys can negotiate a settlement of the case, in which the parents accept a treatment plan.

A)adjudication hearing
B)disposition hearing
C)pretrial conference
D)review hearing

Question 24

During a _____________________, the court reviews the facts of the case, determines whether removal of the child from the home is justified, and notifies the parents of charges against them.

A)advisement hearing
B)adjudication hearing
C)family court trial
D)interlocutory hearing

Question 25

Boys are more affected by both the quality of the mother's parenting and post-divorce parental conflict.

Question 26

States have relaxed their laws of evidence to allow out-of-court statements by the child to a social worker, teacher, or police officer to be used as evidence such statements would otherwise be considered:

A)hearsay
B)physical evidence
C)corroborative evidence
D)circumstantial evidence

Question 27

Which of the following statements about the abuse-delinquency link is false?

A)Holsinger and Holsinger surveyed incarcerated adolescent girls and found distinct racial differences in the way the girls reacted to abuse experiences
B)Research shows that the timing and extent of abuse may shape its impact
C)Self-report studies suggest that child maltreatment increases the likelihood of delinquency
D)Kids who are only abused during early childhood may be more likely to engage in chronic delinquency

Question 28

_____________________ are periodically held to determine if the conditions of the case plan are being met.

A)Review hearings
B)Family court trial
C)Preliminary hearing
D)Assessment hearing

Question 29

In a 1992 case, _____________________, the Supreme Court ruled that the state's attorney is required neither to produce young victims at trial nor to demonstrate the reason why they were unavailable to serve as witnesses.

A)Tinker v. Maryland
B)McDonald v. New Hampshire
C)White v. Illinois
D)Berg v. California

Question 30

At the ____________________, the social service agency presents its case plan, which includes visitation plans, services, or other conditions of the formal agreement.

A)adjudication hearing
B)disposition hearing
C)pretrial conference
D)review hearing

Question 31

According to the text, family breakup is the only type of family dysfunction that has been found to promote delinquent behavior.

Question 32

Asian American children are more likely to live in two-parent households than are European American children.

Question 33

Nye found that mothers who threatened discipline but failed to carry it out were more likely to have delinquent children than those who were consistent in their discipline.

Question 34

The time a father spends with his children has decreased over the past decades.

Question 35

Many states use the __________________ approach to accommodate the parents' natural right to control their children and the child's right to grow up free from harm.

A)dual prong
B)twin pillar
C)middle of the road
D)balancing-of-the-interests

Question 36

In ____________________, the Court ruled that one-way CCTV could serve as the equivalent of in court testimony and would not interfere with the defendant's right to confront witnesses.

A)Jones v. Kentucky
B)White v. Illinois
C)Maryland v. Craig
D)Kramer v. Kramer

Question 37

Research indicates that children growing up in broken homes were less adjusted than children growing up in homes with high levels of conflict.

Question 38

It is estimated that about _____ out of every 100 child abuse or neglect cases reaches the trial stage.

A)2
B)10
C)25
D)46

Question 39

According to the text, 75 percent of African American children will experience parental separation or divorce before they reach age sixteen.

Question 40

Children who are subject to even minimal amounts of physical punishment are more likely to use violence themselves.

Question 41

About 50 percent of all reported cases of maltreatment are substantiated after investigation.

Question 42

The term ______________________________ is used to refer to an environment of discord and conflict within the family.

Question 43

If one sibling is delinquent, research indicates that the probability is low to have another delinquent in the family.

Question 44

Stepchildren are overrepresented in cases of familicide.

Question 45

_____________________ is a condition that occurs when parents have such large families that their resources, such as time and money, are spread too thin, causing lack of familial support and control.

Question 46

According to the text, the most crucial part of an abuse or neglect proceeding is the advisement hearing when the social service agency presents its recommendations for care of the child.

Question 47

C. Henry Kempe of the University of Colorado coined the term "battered child syndrome."

Question 48

________________________ is manifested by constant criticism and rejection of the child by the parents.

Question 49

___________________ occurs when parents physically leave their children with the intention of completely severing the parent-child relationship.

Question 50

In the cases of Lassiter v. Department of Social Services and Santosky v. Kramer, the U.S. Supreme Court recognized the child's right to be free from parental abuse.

Question 51

__________________ refers to deprivations children suffer at the hands of their parents, such as lack of food, shelter, and adequate health care.

Question 52

Passive neglect by a parent or guardian, depriving children of food, shelter, health care, and love is called ______________________.

Question 53

Farrington reported that bullies are likely to have children who bully others.

Question 54

Because people are generally sympathetic to abused children, delinquents with abuse backgrounds get lighter sentences than those who were not abused.

Question 55

Physical neglect results from parents' failure to provide adequate food, shelter, or medical care for their children.

Question 56

In the United States, concerted efforts to deal with parental abuse and neglect did not begin until 1874.

Question 57

_______________________ refers to families in which parents are able to integrate their children into the household unit while at the same time helping assert their individuality and regulate their own behavior.

Question 58

The ________________________ refers to non-accidental physical injury of children by their parents or guardians.

Question 59

Mass murders in which a spouse and one or more children are slain are known as _______________________.

Question 60

A _________ home is a nuclear family that is the product of divorce and remarriage.

Question 61

Many states use the ____________ approach to accommodate the parents' natural right to control their children and the child's right to grow up free from harm.

Question 62

Discuss the relationship between abuse, neglect, and juvenile delinquency.

Question 63

In ________________________ (1988), the Supreme Court placed limitations on efforts to protect child witnesses in court, ruling that unless there is a finding that the child witness needs special protections, the Constitution grants defendants "face-to-face" confrontation with their accusers.

Question 64

________________________ are periodic meetings to determine whether the conditions of the case plan for an abused child are being met by the parents or guardians of the child.

Question 65

A _______________________ is a lawyer appointed by the court to look after the interests of those who do not have the capacity to assert their own rights.

Question 66

In the 1990 case ______________________, the court ruled that the states attorney is required neither to produce young victims at trial not to demonstrate the reasons they were unavailable to serve as witnesses.

Question 67

The ______________________ is a preliminary protective or temporary custody hearing in which the court will review the facts and determine whether removal of the child is justified and notify parents of the charges against them.

Question 68

Compare and contrast advisement, disposition, and review hearings. Provide examples.

Question 69

At the ________________________, the attorney for the social services agency presents an overview of the case, and a plea bargain or negotiated settlement can be agreed to in a consent decree.

Question 70

Identify and discuss the various types of child abuse.

Question 71

Identify and discuss the four categories of family dysfunction that promote delinquent behavior.

Question 72

At the _______________________, the social service agency presents its case plan and recommendations for care of the child and treatment of the parents, including incarceration and counseling or other treatment.

Question 73

In _____________________, the Court ruled that CCTV could serve as the equivalent of in court testimony and would not interfere with the defendant's right to confront witnesses.

Question 74

Describe and discuss how parenting impacts delinquency.

Question 75

States have relaxed laws of evidence to allow out of court statements by a child, otherwise considered __________________, to be used as evidence.