Deck 10: Drug Use and Delinquency

Question 1

Derived from opium, __________________ is the most used narcotic in the United States.

A)Tobacco
B)Alcohol
C)Marijuana
D)Heroin

Answer 1

D

Question 2

________________________therapy involves getting users to associate drugs with unpleasant sensations, such as nausea.

A)Multisystemic treatment
B)Electric shock
C)Milieu therapy
D)Aversion

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Natural substances that produce vivid distortions of the senses without greatly disturbing consciousness are known as:

A)anesthetics
B)inhalants
C)sedatives
D)hallucinogens

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The most widely abused anesthetic drug is phencyclidine, also known as:

A)crack
B)MDMA
C)LSD
D)PCP

Question 5

Results from the most recent PRIDE survey (for the 2007-2008 school year) indicate:

A)substantial increases in drug activity over the last 10 years
B)slight increase in drug activity over the last 10 years
C)substantial decrease in drug activity over the previous school year
D)no change in drug activity over the previous school year

Question 6

According to the text, which of the following may be the most significant influence on long-term substance abuse?

A)parents
B)peer networks
C)sibling relationships
D)accessibility

Question 7

___________________ produce insensibility to pain and free the mind of anxiety and pain.

A)Cocaine
B)Marijuana
C)Inhalants
D)Narcotics

Question 8

According to the text, ___________________ may be a factor in nearly half of all murders, suicides, and accidental deaths.

A)Alcohol
B)Sleep deprivation
C)Cocaine
D)Tobacco

Question 9

Methedrine is the most widely used and most dangerous:

A)amphetamine
B)sedative
C)tranquilizers
D)inhalants

Question 10

Which of the following is the most powerful natural stimulant?

A)PCP
B)LSD
C)Cocaine
D)Amphetamine

Question 11

Crack is manufactured by using _________________________ to remove hydrochlorides to create a crystaline form of cocaine that can be smoked.

A)sodium bicarbonate
B)sodium phosphate
C)thiamine mononitrate
D)calcium phosphate

Question 12

According to the text, the association between drug use, race, and poverty has been linked to the:

A)high level of mistrust and defiance found in lower socioeconomic areas
B)low level of surveillance from law enforcement
C)increase in single parent households
D)decrease in the length of the school year

Question 13

The most widely used drug amongst teenagers is:

A)video games
B)marijuana
C)heroin
D)crack

Question 14

_________________ are central nervous system depressants, and they produce loss of sensation, stupor, and unconsciousness.

A)Stimulants
B)Anesthetic drugs
C)Inhalants
D)Cocaine

Question 15

According to the text, the most widely used designer drug is ecstasy, which is derived from:

A)speed and methamphetamine
B)heroin and cocaine
C)marijuana and cocaine
D)LSD and PCP

Question 16

__________________ are the most commonly used drugs of the barbiturate family, and they depress the central nervous system into a sleeplike condition.

A)Hallucinogens
B)Inhalants
C)Sedatives
D)Tranquilizers

Question 17

The main active ingredient in marijuana is:

A)erythorbic acid
B)tetrahydrocannabinol
C)sodium benzoate
D)phosphoric acid

Question 18

Volatile liquids that give off a vapor and produce short-term excitement and euphoria followed by a period of disorientation, are known as:

A)anesthetics
B)inhalants
C)sedatives
D)tranquilizers

Question 19

Which of the following was noted as a problem of school-based adolescent drug surveys?

A)the over representation of hard drug users in the survey
B)the exclusion of the most drug prone users
C)the under representation of rural schools
D)the inclusion of high risk substance abusers

Question 20

__________________ are lab-created synthetic drugs which are designed to at least temporarily get around existing drug laws.

A)Designer drugs
B)Steroids
C)Inhalants
D)Tranquilizers

Question 21

Anabolic steroids are physically addictive.

Question 22

The view that the cause of substance abuse can be traced to a personality that has a compulsion for mood-altering drugs is known as:

A)addiction-prone personality
B)problem behavior syndrome
C)neurosis
D)obsessive compulsive

Question 23

Alcohol-related deaths number one hundred thousand a year, far more than all illegal drugs combined.

Question 24

According to the National Youth Survey, there is little if any association between drug use and social class.

Question 25

Levitt and Venkatesh's research on the financial activities of a drug-selling street gang indicates that:

A)money appears to be the most significant motivating factor in drug dealing
B)drug-selling gang members never use drugs themselves
C)at least for drug dealers, factors other than income may explain participation in this activity
D)none of the above

Question 26

The _________________ approach has been adopted so rapidly since its founding in 1983 that it is now taught in almost 80 percent of school districts in the United States.

A)T.C.Y.L.
B)A.D.A.M.
C)SMART Moves
D)D.A.R.E.

Question 27

A _____________________ is a substance that leads to the use of more serious drugs.

A)illicit entry
B)precipitating factor
C)gateway drug
D)precursor drug

Question 28

According to the text, about ______ percent of youths who use more serious drugs started on pot.

A)60
B)75
C)80
D)95

Question 29

Heroin is the drug most commonly used by teenagers.

Question 30

The most widely abused anesthetic drug is phencyclidine, known as "goofballs", and it was originally developed as an animal tranquilizer.
b. False

Question 31

Some experts believe that drug dependency is a genetic condition.

Question 32

Recent survey results indicate that drug use among adolescents is on the decline from peak levels in the 1990s.

Question 33

Surveys conducted in high schools may be excluding some of the most drug-prone young people in the population.

Question 34

Research shows that biological children of alcoholics raised by non-alcoholic adoptive parents more often develop alcohol problems than the natural children of adoptive parents.

Question 35

Which of the following statements about harm reduction approaches is false?

A)Advocates refer to harm reduction as a valuable interim measure in dealing with drug use
B)Harm reduction encapsulates some of the efforts advanced under the community and treatment strategies
C)Its critics warn that it condones or promotes drug use
D)Harm reduction strategies have only been successful when implemented in residential facilities

Question 36

A great effort has been made to cut off supplies of drugs by destroying overseas crops and arresting members of drug cartels. This approach is known as:

A)border control
B)street level enforcement
C)tertiary prevention
D)source control

Question 37

According to the text, heroin is the most dangerous commonly used drug for both adults and juveniles

Question 38

The _______________________ technique developed by Scott Henggeler directs attention to family, peer, and psychological problems by focusing on problem solving and communication skills.

A)multisystemic treatment
B)electric shock
C)milieu therapy
D)behavior modification

Question 39

The most recent report from the National Institute of Justice's Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring found that:

A)among juvenile detainees, almost 60 percent of the males tested positive for marijuana
B)among juvenile detainees, almost 60 percent of the females tested positive for marijuana
C)among juvenile detainees, almost 30 percent of the males tested positive for crack
D)among juvenile detainees, almost 30 percent of the females tested positive for crack

Question 40

Almost two-thirds of all admissions treatment facilities in the United States involved ______________________ as the primary drug of abuse.

A)marijuana
B)cocaine
C)tobacco
D)codeine

Question 41

The association between delinquency and drug use has been established in a variety of cultures.

Question 42

About two-thirds of substance-abusing youths stop using drugs before they reach adulthood.

Question 43

It is estimated that Latin American countries now supply about 50 percent of the heroin consumed in the United States.

Question 44

Amyl nitrite is a commonly used volatile liquid packaged in capsule form, and it is a type of ____________________.

Question 45

___________________ drugs are lab-created synthetics that are designed at least temporarily to get around existing drug laws; the most widely used drug in this category is Ecstasy.

Question 46

_____________________ is defined as having five or more alcoholic drinks on the same occasion on at least five different days in the pasty thirty days.

Question 47

Global rates of interception of heroin and cocaine indicate that nearly 80 percent of all imports are being seized by law enforcement.

Question 48

Today, Afghanistan is the world leader in opium production.

Question 49

___________________ is the most powerful natural stimulant; its use produces euphoria, restlessness, and excitement, while overdoses can cause delirium, violent manic behavior, and respiratory failure.

Question 50

Research on adolescent drug users in Miami found drinking with an adult present can be a significant precursor of substance abuse and delinquency.

Question 51

__________________ is the most used narcotic in the United States; it is produced from opium.

Question 52

___________________ is a concentrated form of cannabis made from unadulterated resin from the female plant.

Question 53

The War on Drugs has been a major source of the racial discrimination that occurs in the juvenile justice system.

Question 54

According to the problem behavior syndrome model, substance abuse may be one of a constellation of social problems experienced by at-risk youth.

Question 55

___________________ is associated with distortions in auditory and visual perception, decreased activity, overestimation of time and place, and increased food consumption.

Question 56

_____________________ is defined as having five or more alcoholic beverages on the same occasion at least one in the past thirty days.

Question 57

All South American nations have agreed to coordinate drug trafficking efforts with the United States.

Question 58

___________________, although not physically addicting, long-term use of these drugs can lead to liver ailments, tumors, kidney problems, and sexual dysfunction.

Question 59

Methedrine is the most widely used and most dangerous ___________________.

Question 60

According to the Elliott research, both drug use and delinquency seem to reflect developmental problems.

Question 61

Some believe that the cause of substance abuse can be traced to a(n) ________________________ personality that has a compulsion for mood-altering drugs.

Question 62

It is generally believed that most users start at a young age using alcohol as a "______________________" to harder substances.

Question 63

Briefly discuss the association between drug use and delinquency. Be sure to provide examples.

Question 64

Needle exchange programs, special drug courts and pretrial diversion programs that compel drug treatment are all components of ____________________.

Question 65

Compare and contrast the education, community, and treatment strategies in reducing teenage substance abuse.

Question 66

The ______________________________ treatment technique developed by
Henggeler, addresses a variety of family, peer, and psychological problems.

Question 67

Cutting off the supply of drugs by destroying overseas crops and arresting members of the drug cartels is known as ___________________.

Question 68

An evaluation of the _________________________________, which features ads showing the dangers of marijuana use, reported that 41 percent of students in grades seven to twelve "agree a lot" that the ads made them less likely to try or use drugs.

Question 69

Identify and briefly discuss at least three of the frequently abused drugs presented in the text. Be sure to discuss recent trends in the use of these drugs.

Question 70

Compare and contrast the findings of the most recent MTF Survey and the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Question 71

________________________, a joint investigation of federal law enforcement agencies in the United States and Canada, was put in place to track down the suppliers.

Question 72

_____________________therapy involves getting users to associate drugs with unpleasant sensations, such as nausea.

Question 73

MacCoun and Reuter contend that adolescent drug dealers make about ______________ per month.

Question 74

A _________________________ approach involves efforts to minimize the harmful effects caused by drug use.

Question 75

List and discuss at least five of the seven key reasons why youths take drugs that were presented in the text.