Deck 22: Interlude C: The Rock Cycle

Question 1

What is the rock cycle?

A)the cycle that rocks go through when interacting with water
B)the transformation of one mineral type to another
C)the transformation of one rock type to another
D)the cycle that rocks undergo when interacting with air

Answer 1

C

Question 2

If a limestone is metamorphosed into a marble,the ________ that made up the limestone will also make up the marble.

A)minerals
B)fossils
C)laminations
D)impurities

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Burial of rocks can subject them to high heat and pressure,which can alter the ________ of the rocks.

A)mineral assemblage
B)elemental composition
C)chemical content
D)crystal fractionation

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What is the name of the cycle shown in the picture?

A)hydrologic cycle
B)erosion cycle
C)rock cycle
D)carbon cycle

Question 5

Identify which of the following paths could eventually transform a metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock.

A)erosion and deposition - burial - melting
B)burial - erosion and deposition - melting
C)burial - melting - erosion and deposition
D)melting- erosion and deposition - melting

Question 6

________ is a process that contributes to the formation of melt in Earth.

A)Metamorphism
B)Lithification
C)Erosion
D)Subduction

Question 7

The rate at which rocks follow the various pathways through the rock cycle is ________.

A)usually slow
B)usually fast
C)always the same
D)vastly different

Question 8

Rocks are often recycled in a series of processes known collectively as the ________.

A)rock circle
B)rock cycle
C)recycling path
D)recycling procession

Question 9

Why does uplifting metamorphic rocks during mountain building lead to the formation of sedimentary rocks?

A)because water cannot penetrate the ground
B)because metamorphic rocks can only be eroded by air
C)because the rocks become exposed to the elements and erode
D)because metamorphic rocks are only found under mountains

Question 10

Mountain ranges contain some of the oldest rocks found on Earth.What is the likely fate of these old rocks?

A)They will remain unchanged forever.
B)They will be eroded away to form new rocks.
C)They will be melted and erupted out of volcanoes.
D)They will be eroded but will remain the same rocks.

Question 11

What must happen in order to transform a metamorphic rock into a sedimentary rock?

A)formation of a volcano
B)mountain building
C)burial of metamorphic rocks
D)subduction of oceanic crust

Question 12

If an igneous rock is heated and melted it will form a(n)________ rock.

A)igneous
B)metamorphic
C)sedimentary
D)magmatic

Question 13

The oldest material found on Earth is a zircon grain that is 4.12 Ga.How come there are no rocks that are the same age as Earth (4.54 Ga)?

A)We just have not found them yet.
B)No rocks formed during that time.
C)All rocks from that age have been recycled.
D)Earth is not that old.

Question 14

Which of the following statements best describes the rock cycle?

A)Any rock can change into another rock based on the conditions to which the rock is subjected.
B)Rocks change to other rocks based on specific pathways that must be followed.
C)Rocks can change rock type but cannot be recycled into the same type they started as.
D)Rocks move in set paths that were determined when the rock was first formed.

Question 15

If a rock is buried but not melted it will become a(n)________ rock.

A)igneous
B)metamorphic
C)sedimentary
D)metasomatic

Question 16

The eruption and cooling of an igneous rock occurs ________,while the processes of erosion,deposition,and lithification happen ________.

A)underground;above ground
B)above ground;underground
C)quickly;slowly
D)slowly;quickly

Question 17

Which of the following scenarios would likely occur at a slower rate?

A)erosion of an outcrop of quartz-cemented sandstone
B)erosion of an outcrop of shale
C)erosion of an outcrop of calcite-cemented sandstone
D)erosion of an outcrop of rock salt

Question 18

What are the correct steps in the transformation of a sedimentary rock into a metamorphic rock?

A)rock eroded away and deposited in ocean basin → rock pulled into subduction zone and melted
B)rock eroded away and deposited in ocean basin → rock buried under many layers of sediments
C)rock eroded away and deposited in ocean basin → volcano erupts through ocean floor and melts rocks
D)rock eroded away and deposited in alluvial fan → rock buried deeply and melted by intrusion

Question 19

Weathering of rocks produces ________,which can then be incorporated into ________ rocks.

A)crystals;all types of
B)crystals;igneous
C)sediments;metamorphic
D)sediments;sedimentary

Question 20

Why is the rock cycle important?

A)because it describes how water and rocks interact within Earth to produce melt
B)because it describes how rocks move throughout Earth's ocean basins
C)because it explains how long rocks have existed on this planet
D)because it explains how rocks are constantly changing from one type to another

Question 21

Label the image below with the processes that occur along pathways in the rock cycle.Make sure that you label every arrow with the correct process.

Question 22

Why are there so few Precambrian-age rocks found on Earth?

Question 23

Many ________ processes are controlled by the Sun and gravity.

A)igneous
B)metamorphic
C)sedimentary
D)rock melting

Question 24

Describe how energy from the Sun and gravity are responsible for many sedimentary processes,such as weathering,erosion,deposition,and so on.

Question 25

________ rocks is controlled in some areas by the subduction of plates.

A)Eroding
B)Melting
C)Depositing
D)Weathering

Question 26

Which of the following sources of energy is responsible for erosion?

A)the Moon
B)Earth's internal heat
C)gravity
D)pressure

Question 27

Describe how the rock cycle is linked to plate tectonics.

Question 28

The rock cycle does not occur on the Moon because ________.

A)the Moon does not have gravity
B)the Moon does not receive sunlight
C)there is no plate tectonics on the Moon
D)there are only sedimentary rocks on the Moon

Question 29

Describe the changes that occur (i.e. ,what happens to the rock)along a pathway through the rock cycle as seen below:
Sedimentary rock à Igneous rock à Sedimentary rock à Metamorphic rock

Question 30

Why have many Precambrian rocks remained unchanged for billions of years?

A)They are so old that they have not had time to move past the first stage.
B)They are protected within the interiors of the continents.
C)They are only found in Antarctica and thus are not exposed to erosion.
D)They are metamorphic rocks that are too hard to be transformed.