Deck 21: Vulnerable Populations

Question 1

What is the relationship between race and ethnicity and health status?

A)Ethnic and racial minorities are equally as vulnerable to poor health status as the rest of the population.
B)Ethnic and racial minorities are less vulnerable to poor health status than the rest of the population.
C)Ethnic and racial minorities are more vulnerable to poor health status than the rest of the population.
D)There is no significant relationship between ethnic and racial background and health status.

Answer 1

Ethnic and racial minorities are more vulnerable to poor health status than the rest of the population.

Question 2

The two wage earners in a family with four children have recently become unemployed.Suddenly,they are unsure as to how they are going to pay their mortgage,monthly bills,and purchase groceries.To which of the following governmental assistance programs would the nurse most likely refer this family?

A)Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
B)Medicaid
C)Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
D)Women,Infants,and Children Program (WIC)

Answer 2

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

Question 3

A community/public health nurse is caring for clients living at a local homeless shelter.Which of the following would be most likely expected of many of the clients?

A)Many suffer from alcohol or drug abuse or are mentally ill.
B)Many are extremely violent and dangerous to be around.
C)Many receive free care at the local public health clinics.
D)Many suffer from acute illnesses resulting from exposure to weather extremes.

Answer 3

Many suffer from alcohol or drug abuse or are mentally ill.

Question 4

What is the primary reason women with small children are homeless?

A)Domestic abuse
B)Lack of education
C)Lack of employment
D)Lack of job skills

Question 5

A homeless veteran,who finds his posttraumatic stress disorder so overwhelming that he cannot deal with society,lives by the river underneath a bridge,in a large packing crate,and seems to have adapted to his situation.Which of the following best describes this type of homelessness?

A)Chronic
B)Episodic
C)Not really homelessness
D)Temporary

Question 6

Why do many migrant/seasonal workers not complain about their poor living conditions?

A)Being undocumented,they risk discovery and deportation
B)Conditions here are so much better than in their original home
C)There is nothing a nurse can do about housing conditions
D)It is not a part of their ethnic group's culture to complain

Question 7

The middle-aged white woman seemed unable to relate to the staff in any meaningful way or to behave in an appropriate manner in the emergency department,where the police officer had brought her as a result of inappropriate behavior at a public gathering.Which of the following would best describe this woman?

A)A public nuisance
B)An unfortunate drain on society
C)Extremely mentally and physically ill
D)Psychologically and socially decompensated

Question 8

A single adult male is employed full-time and is earning the minimum wage.Under which of the following conditions could he afford housing?

A)If he combines his earnings with another adult who is employed part-time
B)If he chooses to live in a one-room efficiency apartment
C)If he lives in an apartment located in a low-income housing area
D)If he uses over 50% of his net income to pay for housing

Question 9

Which of the following would a homeless adolescent see as an important survival skill?

A)Being able to beg,manipulate,and lie to obtain resources
B)Using free clinics to obtain access to health care providers
C)Trying to keep a list of all social programs in the community
D)Trying to look and act like a middle class member of society

Question 10

Approximately what percentage of the American population does not have health insurance according to the U.S.Census Bureau?

A)4%
B)8%
C)12%
D)16%

Question 11

Which of the following is the primary reason that only a small percentage of those eligible participate in COBRA insurance?

A)COBRA is too costly for most eligible people.
B)They do not think it is important to have health care insurance.
C)Medicaid is a more effective choice to obtain health care.
D)They are healthy and are willing to not carry insurance.

Question 12

Although single men are the largest single group of homeless people,which of the following is the fastest growing group of homeless people?

A)Adolescents
B)Adult single women
C)Elderly
D)Families with children

Question 13

What has happened to the funds set aside for nutrition and food programs,such as WIC?

A)They have decreased a small amount in an effort to be fair to everyone
B)They have increased the recognition of the number of low-income mothers seeking assistance
C)They have been maintained at current levels,even though more women are documenting eligibility for help
D)They have been sharply reduced with benefits limited to one year

Question 14

How has requiring proof of citizenship for all Medicaid recipients caused a problem for these clients?

A)Additional paperwork always increases workload and costs for agencies.
B)Citizens are not accustomed to having to prove they are citizens and may not have appropriate documentation immediately available.
C)Many low-income people do not have driver's licenses or birth certificates immediately available with which to prove citizenship.
D)Most agencies recognize that immigration status has no bearing on a client's need for Medicaid assistance.

Question 15

The nurse was assessing a child who had spent the last 3 years living with her mother in homeless family shelters.Which of the following would the nurse expect of the child in relation to intellectual development?

A)Development is somewhat below grade level
B)Development is above grade level
C)Development is at the appropriate grade level
D)Development is quite low for her age and grade level

Question 16

Which of the following populations was most affected by the federal budget cuts made in 1996?

A)The upper and middle class
B)The wealthy
C)The lower-middle class
D)The poverty-stricken

Question 17

What is the single most crucial variable associated with health status?

A)Cultural background
B)Ethnic group
C)Race
D)Socioeconomic class

Question 18

An uninsured child lives in a family which has an income level below the poverty level.Under which of the following programs can this child receive health care?

A)Children's "Health For All" initiative
B)"No Child Left Behind" Act
C)State Children's Health Insurance Program
D)Temporary Assistance to Needy Families Program

Question 19

When the nurse accepted a position at the local community health center,the nurse was told to not ask the immigration status of any client.Why would an agency have such a policy?

A)Agency personnel do not want to get involved in political or legal concerns in any possible way.
B)All state and federally funded programs are barred from using funds to care for illegal immigrants,so care can only be given if status is unknown.
C)The agency did not want to inadvertently refuse care to a U.S.citizen by constantly requiring documentation,which wastes agency time,effort,and money.
D)The agency recognizes that immigration status has no bearing on a client's health or need for care,so there is no reason to ask.

Question 20

In 2010,how many people fell below the poverty in the United States?

A)About 4.5% or 13 million people
B)About 8.5% or 25 million people
C)About 15.1% or 46 million people
D)Fewer people than in the year 2008

Question 21

What should the nurse be sure to include in the research design when involved in community/public health research? Select all that apply.

A)Accurate data collection systems
B)Carefully worded research hypotheses and definition of terms
C)Cost/benefit measures as part of the research design
D)Detailed tables of the study's sample and population demographics
E)Established outcome measures
F)Lengthy detailed title and abstract to the study

Question 22

By definition,what must a group be in order to be considered a "vulnerable" population? Select all that apply.

A)Aware that they are "at risk"
B)Diagnosed with an observable medical problem
C)Have difficulty obtaining appropriate health care
D)Acutely ill with several comorbidities
E)Likely to develop health-related problems
F)Probably confronting a shorter life span than others their age

Question 23

What conclusions can be drawn when comparing the prison population in the United States to the general adult population in the United States? Select all that apply.

A)More prisoners are from low-income,single-parent homes.
B)More prisoners have been diagnosed with a mental problem and substance abuse.
C)More prisoners are exposed to drug trafficking,weapons,and gang violence.
D)More prisoners have a lower level of education.
E)More prisoners receive better and more extensive health care.
F)More prisoners have a decreased risk of injury while incarcerated.

Question 24

Facing the changes in society,what have most state and local governments chosen to do?

A)Cut programs for low-income families to balance the budget
B)Cut programs that primarily serve the middle class
C)Increase taxes to meet revenue requirements
D)Ignore any federal mandates that are unfunded

Question 25

What were some of the effects of welfare reform? Select all that apply.

A)Additional governmental agencies have been established to fill in the gaps in services.
B)Earned Income Tax Credit helps increase income among low-income families.
C)Fewer people can use the system to their own personal advantage.
D)Lacking transportation and child care,many parents cannot seek or retain employment.
E)More children are able to receive health insurance assistance.
F)Very few people can receive assistance while earning a GED or attending remedial classes.

Question 26

Even though the nurse may be employed to do a specific task or engage in specific programs,in what activities can the nurse engage to continue to help vulnerable groups in the community? Select all that apply.

A)Consider every contact with clients an opportunity to ask about the health of their family members
B)Engage in extensive multiphasic testing to diagnose other possible medical problems
C)Screen for potential problems while engaging in the tasks for which the nurse is reimbursed
D)Voice ongoing concern about the needs of the agency for ongoing funding to all the clients seen at the agency

Question 27

Although it was not part of the nurse's employment responsibilities,the nurse often volunteered to speak before community groups as well as legislators.Why would the nurse choose to do this? Select all that apply.

A)Advocacy is an ethical and professional responsibility of all nurses.
B)Engaging in such actions will increase the nurse's personal and professional visibility.
C)Speaking before such groups may well result in a promotion and an increased pay scale for the nurse when the nurse's expertise is publicly recognized.
D)Such public speaking is part of the nurse's role in most public health agencies.
E)The nurse may recognize that many people are truly not aware of the problems experienced by vulnerable groups.

Question 28

The nurse wanted to engage in primary prevention in relation to the vulnerable populations for whom the nurse provided care.For what might the nurse choose to volunteer?

A)Counselor at the homeless shelter
B)Instructor for the community college home aide course
C)Nurse in a homeless clinic
D)Speaker to community groups as an advocate for vulnerable groups

Question 29

What is an extremely important strategy that a community/public health nurse can take to assist vulnerable families?

A)Encourage the families to find and use free food distribution centers
B)Encourage the families to find and attend so-called free clinics for health care
C)Share information about local assistance programs and eligibility requirements
D)Write letters to the editor in the local newspapers