Deck 6: Consumer Perception

Question 1

John drives by the same billboard every day on his way to work.He has seen the billboard so many times,that he no longer notices it.This is an example of ________.

A) sensory adaptation
B) just noticeable difference
C) differential threshold
D) perceptual blocking
E) absolute threshold

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following products is likely the most difficult to position or differentiate clearly from competition?

A) soup
B) gasoline
C) minivans
D) gym memberships
E) bath towels

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Products,packages,brand names,advertisements,and commercials are examples of ________.

A) sensations
B) receptors
C) realities
D) stimuli
E) intensities

Answer 3

D

Question 4

As sensory input ________,our ability to detect changes in input or intensity ________.

A) decreases; increases
B) increases; increases
C) decreases; remains constant
D) remains constant; decreases
E) increases; remains constant

Question 5

________ is(are)the immediate and direct response of the sensory organs to stimuli.

A) Sensory receptors
B) Sensation
C) Sensory input
D) Sensory adaptation
E) Sensory blocking

Question 6

Two people driving together may spot a billboard at different times.This means they have different ________.

A) absolute thresholds
B) differential thresholds
C) just noticeable differences
D) adaptation levels
E) sensory adaptations

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the relationship between consumers' perceptions and their expectations?

A) Stimuli that align closely with expectations tend to receive more attention than those that conflict sharply with expectations.
B) Ads with irrelevant sexuality generally lead to better recall of the product advertised due to the attention-getting nature of the sexual content.
C) People tend to make observations and arrive at conclusions completely independent of their expectations.
D) Consumers tend to perceive products and product attributes according to their own expectations.
E) What consumers expect to see is completely dependent on their previous first-hand experience with the particular product or advertising medium.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of j.n.d.?

A) Decreasing prices below consumers' j.n.d. is likely to cause a significant rise in sales.
B) Making product improvements that far exceed consumers' j.n.d. is likely to maximize company revenues.
C) There is no j.n.d. for decreased product volume sold in existing packaging
D) Making drastic changes to a company's logo to an extent well beyond just below consumers' j.n.d. allows companies to update their image without losing their ready recognition.
E) Increasing prices below consumers' j.n.d. is likely to go unnoticed by consumers.

Question 9

Individuals act and react on the basis of ________,not on the basis of ________.

A) objective reality; their previous experiences
B) their previous experiences; their perceptions
C) their perceptions; objective reality
D) their perceptions; their previous experiences
E) their previous experiences; peer pressure

Question 10

Sensory adaptation is of concern to national advertisers,who try to continuously change their advertising campaigns.They are concerned that consumers will ________.

A) get bored of their ads
B) get used to their ads
C) not understand their ads as intended
D) develop negative reactions to their ads
E) become more attuned to competing advertising

Question 11

Which of the following is true of the relationship between consumers' perceptions and their motives?

A) In general, there is a heightened awareness of stimuli that are irrelevant to consumers' needs.
B) The stronger the consumer's need, the greater the tendency to ignore related stimuli in the environment.
C) In general, there is decreased awareness of stimuli that are relevant to consumers' needs.
D) The stronger the consumer's need, the greater the tendency to pay attention to related stimuli in the environment.
E) Consumers tend to pay equal attention to all advertising, regardless of their needs at any given time.

Question 12

The point at which a person can detect a difference between "something" and "nothing" is that person's ________ for that stimulus.

A) adaptation level
B) absolute threshold
C) just noticeable difference
D) differential threshold
E) sensory adaptation

Question 13

Some TV ads decrease sensory input by using silence in their ads to generate attention.This is a form of advertising used in order to overcome ________.

A) sensation
B) preference for competitive advertisements
C) sensory adaptation
D) the just noticeable difference
E) perceptual blocking

Question 14

________ can simply be described as "how we see the world around us."

A) Knowledge
B) Perception
C) Motivation
D) Attitude
E) Understanding

Question 15

Weber's law states that ________.

A) the stronger the initial stimulus, the weaker the second stimulus must be to exceed the j.n.d.
B) the j.n.d. of a second stimulus is inversely related to the strength of the original stimulus
C) the stronger the initial stimulus, the greater the second stimulus must be to exceed the j.n.d.
D) consumers who buy the same products regularly are more likely than those who buy less frequently to notice changes in price, packaging, or product attributes
E) the more information consumers are given about a particular product, the more likely they are to purchase that product

Question 16

The process by which an individual selects,organizes,and interprets stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture of the world is known as ________.

A) observation
B) perception
C) realization
D) rationalization
E) understanding

Question 17

________ are the two kinds of inputs that interact to form individual perceptions.

A) Subliminal messaging and physical stimuli
B) Contrast and creativity
C) Change and consistency
D) Physical stimuli and predispositions based on previous experience
E) Predispositions based on previous experience and creativity

Question 18

________ is a concept related to perception.People actively seek out messages that they find pleasant and actively avoid painful or threatening ones.

A) Selective attention
B) Selective exposure
C) Perceptual defense
D) Perceptual blocking
E) Perceptual organization

Question 19

The minimal difference that can be detected between two similar stimuli is called the ________.

A) perceptual threshold
B) differential threshold
C) sensory threshold
D) absolute threshold
E) sensation threshold

Question 20

A stimulus may be too faint or brief to be consciously seen or heard,such as a deeply embedded or a very briefly flashed image,but may still be perceived by one or more sensory receptor cell.This is called ________.

A) subliminal perception
B) sequential transition
C) supraliminal perception
D) sensory adaptation
E) perceptual blocking

Question 21

Wal-Mart is a cost-leader in terms of its highly efficient supply chain and its ability to negotiate steep volume discounts from manufacturers.The retailer executes ________ by passing those savings on to consumers in the form of lower prices.

A) satisfaction-based pricing
B) reference pricing
C) relationship pricing
D) perceived pricing
E) efficiency pricing

Question 22

The essence of successful marketing is the image that a product has in the mind of the consumer,that is,its ________.

A) quality
B) value
C) positioning
D) features
E) attributes

Question 23

In the figure and ground principle of Gestalt psychology,________.

A) the ground is usually perceived as distinct and central to the image
B) the common line that separates the figure and the ground is generally attributed to the ground
C) figure-and-ground relationships are always interpreted in the same way
D) figure typically appears to be subordinate to ground and, therefore, less important
E) the ground is usually perceived as indefinite, hazy, and continuous

Question 24

Which of the following is true of selective perception?

A) Consumers actively seek out messages that are painful or threatening.
B) Consumers selectively expose themselves to advertisements that reassure them of the wisdom of their purchase decisions.
C) Consumers have a heightened awareness of stimuli irrelevant to their needs and minimal awareness of stimuli that meet their needs or interests.
D) Threatening stimuli are more likely to be consciously perceived than are neutral stimuli.
E) Consumers are unable to block excessive stimuli from conscious awareness.

Question 25

Individuals express their need for ________ by organizing their perceptions so that they form a complete picture.

A) closure
B) interpretation
C) grouping
D) figure-ground patterns
E) exposure

Question 26

Listening to the radio on the way home from work,Paul is particularly aware of an ad for McDonalds because he is getting hungry.This is an example of ________.

A) selective attention
B) selective exposure
C) perceptual defense
D) perceptual blocking
E) perceptual organization

Question 27

Consumers subconsciously screen out stimuli that they find psychologically threatening,even though exposure has already taken place.This is consistent with the perception factor of ________.

A) selective attention
B) selective exposure
C) perceptual defense
D) perceptual differentiation
E) perceptual organization

Question 28

Joe passes many billboards on his way to work,but rarely even recognizes that they are there because he is paying attention to the road.By blocking the stimuli of the billboards from his conscious awareness,Joe is engaging in ________.

A) defensive stimulation
B) selective exposure
C) perceptual defense
D) perceptual blocking
E) perceptual organization

Question 29

________ enables marketers to determine how their products or services appear to consumers in relation to competitive brands.

A) Perceptual mapping
B) Positioning
C) Repositioning
D) Perceptual blocking
E) Selective attention

Question 30

In product placement scenarios,marketers place an advertised product into a TV show or film by having it used by the cast,integrated into the plot,or associated with a character.In product placements,the product is considered the ________ and the show is the ________.

A) entertainment; brand
B) figure; ground
C) ground; perceptual organization
D) perceptual block; perceptual organization
E) ground; figure

Question 31

When stimuli are highly ambiguous,an individual will usually ________.

A) ignore them
B) block them out
C) interpret them according to one's own needs, wishes and interests
D) take extra time to understand the intentions of the source
E) consult others as to their meaning

Question 32

After buying a Mini Cooper,Kate began paying more attention to advertisements for Mini and spent more time on websites reading about how much Mini drivers love their cars.This is an example of ________.

A) selective attention
B) selective exposure
C) perceptual defense
D) perceptual blocking
E) perceptual organization

Question 33

Consumers need to protect themselves from being bombarded with stimuli by simply tuning out such stimuli from their conscious awareness.This is known as ________.

A) selective attention
B) selective exposure
C) perceptual defense
D) perceptual blocking
E) perceptual differentiation

Question 34

________ refers to consumers' heightened awareness of stimuli that meet their needs or interests,and minimal awareness of stimuli irrelevant to their needs.

A) Selective attention
B) Selective exposure
C) Perceptual defense
D) Perceptual blocking
E) Perceptual organization

Question 35

________ creates an overall image of the company around which multiple products can be featured individually.

A) Positioning against the competition
B) Positioning based on a specific benefit
C) Finding an "unowned" position
D) Umbrella positioning
E) Filling several positions

Question 36

Canada requires tobacco firms to feature graphic health warnings on cigarette packs.In a perception context,this is to try to combat ________ where people no longer pay attention to the warning labels on packets.

A) selective attention
B) selective exposure
C) perceptual defense
D) perceptual differentiation
E) perceptual organization

Question 37

In 2009,the Axe brand launched a line of hair care products to complement its existing assortment of body washes and deodorants,hoping to leverage the Axe brand equity to expand into a new category of men's personal care products.This is an example of a manufacturer taking advantage of ________.

A) physical appearances
B) perceptual blocking
C) the halo effect
D) the persistence of first impressions
E) perceptual blocking

Question 38

When one retailer put a picture of an aloe vera leaf and the wording "aloe vera" on the surface of the mattress,consumers assumed that aloe vera was a component of the mattress cover and the retailer had great difficulty dispelling this misconception.This is an example of ________.

A) the halo effect
B) a consumer stereotype
C) the persistence of first impressions
D) effective product positioning
E) perceptual blocking

Question 39

Marketers take advantage of ________ when they extend a brand name associated with one line of products to another.

A) physical appearances
B) perceptual blocking
C) the halo effect
D) the persistence of first impressions
E) consumers' tendency to jump to conclusions

Question 40

To simplify life,people have a natural tendency to select stimuli from the environment and organize them into groups and perceive them as a unified whole.In a perception context,this is known as ________.

A) perceptual defense
B) perceptual blocking
C) perceptual mapping
D) perceptual organization
E) selective perception

Question 41

CELL PHONE MINI CASE: Hype Mobile is a Korean cellular phone manufacturer that has significant market share in the United States and was the first to introduce camera phones to the US market.Its most recent advertising campaign showed three of its phone models and three people in different clothing fashions and asked readers to match the phone with the caller. In order to reach its hip, young, always-on-the-go target market, Hype placed these ads in bathroom stalls in trendy metropolitan night clubs. Mobile Power, Hype's leading competitor, tried to downplay Hype's trendy reputation by offering consumers a 7-day money-back customer satisfaction guarantee and a 2-year warrantee on its phones, advertising its products as "mobile tools that are more than just hype."
In the CELL PHONE MINI CASE,Mobile Power's money-back guarantee and warrantee are a form of ________ pricing.

A) benchmark
B) reference
C) efficiency
D) relationship
E) satisfaction-based

Question 42

________ provides value by sharing with consumers the cost savings that the company has achieved by reducing the cost of providing the service

A) Satisfaction-based pricing
B) Reference pricing
C) Relationship pricing
D) Perceived pricing
E) Efficiency pricing

Question 43

When consumers buy the most expensive model to mitigate the risk of purchasing a poorly performing product,they are using ________ to minimize their risk.

A) information-seeking behavior
B) brand loyalty
C) narrow categorization
D) the price/quality relationship
E) perceptual blocking

Question 44

CELL PHONE MINI CASE: Hype Mobile is a Korean cellular phone manufacturer that has significant market share in the United States and was the first to introduce camera phones to the US market.Its most recent advertising campaign showed three of its phone models and three people in different clothing fashions and asked readers to match the phone with the caller. In order to reach its hip, young, always-on-the-go target market, Hype placed these ads in bathroom stalls in trendy metropolitan night clubs. Mobile Power, Hype's leading competitor, tried to downplay Hype's trendy reputation by offering consumers a 7-day money-back customer satisfaction guarantee and a 2-year warrantee on its phones, advertising its products as "mobile tools that are more than just hype."
In the CELL PHONE MINI CASE,Hype's placement of advertisements in bathroom stalls is an attempt to overcome consumers' ________ by placing ads in unexpected and nontraditional places,where consumers are not preconditioned to tune out advertising stimuli

A) selective exposure
B) perceptual organization
C) selective attention
D) perceptual defense
E) perceptual blocking

Question 45

CELL PHONE MINI CASE: Hype Mobile is a Korean cellular phone manufacturer that has significant market share in the United States and was the first to introduce camera phones to the US market.Its most recent advertising campaign showed three of its phone models and three people in different clothing fashions and asked readers to match the phone with the caller. In order to reach its hip, young, always-on-the-go target market, Hype placed these ads in bathroom stalls in trendy metropolitan night clubs. Mobile Power, Hype's leading competitor, tried to downplay Hype's trendy reputation by offering consumers a 7-day money-back customer satisfaction guarantee and a 2-year warrantee on its phones, advertising its products as "mobile tools that are more than just hype."
In the CELL PHONE MINI CASE,Mobile Power's money-back guarantee is an attempt to help mitigate consumers' perception of ________.

A) functional risk
B) financial risk
C) psychological risk
D) social risk
E) physical risk

Question 46

A ________ is any price that a consumer uses as a basis for comparison in judging another price.

A) tensile
B) objective
C) discount
D) reference
E) superficial

Question 47

________ is the risk that the time and effort spent in product search may be wasted if the product does not perform as expected.

A) Financial risk
B) Social risk
C) Psychological risk
D) Functional risk
E) Time risk

Question 48

The Enthusiast magazine offers a discount over newsstand prices for readers who subscribe for 1 year,and even greater discounts for readers who pay for a 2-year subscription.This is an example of ________.

A) satisfaction-based pricing
B) reference pricing
C) relationship pricing
D) perceived pricing
E) efficiency pricing

Question 49

Alice needs a new cell phone,but is anxious about which phone she should buy.Many of her friends own popular phone models but complain about lost calls,short battery life,and poor predictive text functionality.While she has identified several attractive phone models,she doesn't feel like she can really try the phones out in such an artificial setting and is nervous that she might pick a phone that doesn't work as well as she had hoped.Alice perceives ________ associated with the purchase of a new phone.

A) financial risk
B) social risk
C) psychological risk
D) functional risk
E) time risk

Question 50

Garden Masters offers a 30-day money-back guarantee to reduce the perceived risk of purchasing a new lawn mower.This is an example of ________.

A) satisfaction-based pricing
B) reference pricing
C) relationship pricing
D) perceived pricing
E) efficiency pricing

Question 51

The purpose of institutional advertising is to ________.

A) promote a specific product line
B) promote a specific retail outlet as a way of improving the manufacturer's image through the retail store image
C) boost the corporate image
D) enter a product category totally unrelated to the one with which the corporate name has become synonymous
E) promote the product category as a whole

Question 52

Low-risk perceivers have been described as broad categorizers and tend to ________.

A) make their choices from a wide range of alternatives
B) limit their choices to a few safe options
C) exclude some perfectly good alternatives in order to minimize the chance of a poor selection
D) avoid new product about which they know little
E) be very brand loyal

Question 53

Which of the following is true of services?

A) It is more difficult for consumers to evaluate the quality of products than the quality of services.
B) Services are simultaneously produced and consumed.
C) Services are tangible.
D) Services are highly consistent in quality.
E) Services are durable.

Question 54

Barry has avoided purchasing a new laptop because prices keep falling and he is worried that,if he buys a laptop today,the same laptop will be cheaper in six months.Barry perceives ________ associated with the purchase of a new laptop.

A) financial risk
B) social risk
C) psychological risk
D) functional risk
E) time risk

Question 55

Consumers tend to use price as a surrogate indicator of quality if ________.

A) they have little information with which to make their purchase decision
B) they have confidence in their ability to make an educated product or service choice
C) they are familiar with the brand name
D) they have experience with the store in which the product was purchased
E) they have experience with the product or service

Question 56

Packaging,pricing,and advertising are examples of ________.

A) intrinsic characteristics
B) product references
C) consumer expectations
D) extrinsic characteristics
E) objective characteristics

Question 57

________ provides value by encouraging long-term relationships with the company that customers view as beneficial.

A) Satisfaction-based pricing
B) Reference pricing
C) Relationship pricing
D) Perceived pricing
E) Efficiency pricing

Question 58

________ are those prices currently offered at other retail outlets,whereas ________ are those prices retrieved by the consumer from memory.

A) External reference prices; internal reference prices
B) Transaction utilities; cognitive dissonances
C) Implausible high prices; objective price claims
D) Tensile price claims; plausible low prices
E) Relationship pricing schemes; satisfaction-based prices

Question 59

CELL PHONE MINI CASE: Hype Mobile is a Korean cellular phone manufacturer that has significant market share in the United States and was the first to introduce camera phones to the US market.Its most recent advertising campaign showed three of its phone models and three people in different clothing fashions and asked readers to match the phone with the caller. In order to reach its hip, young, always-on-the-go target market, Hype placed these ads in bathroom stalls in trendy metropolitan night clubs. Mobile Power, Hype's leading competitor, tried to downplay Hype's trendy reputation by offering consumers a 7-day money-back customer satisfaction guarantee and a 2-year warrantee on its phones, advertising its products as "mobile tools that are more than just hype."
In the CELL PHONE MINI CASE,Hype's advertisements engage the attention of audiences by playing on their need for ________.

A) closure
B) grouping
C) stereotypes
D) peer pressure
E) figure-and-ground relationships

Question 60

________ provides value by recognizing and reducing customers' perceptions of uncertainty and is particularly valuable in service settings due to the intangible nature of the product.

A) Satisfaction-based pricing
B) Reference pricing
C) Relationship pricing
D) Perceived pricing
E) Efficiency pricing

Question 61

SAUCE MINI CASE: In 2008, Ragu launched an assortment of its commercially successful sauces in microwavable pouches and promoted them as a way for busy moms to serve a healthful, fast, home-cooked meal to their children while minimizing the mess of cooking by eliminating the need for a second pot to heat the pasta sauce. The pouches held fewer servings of sauce and were slightly more expensive per ounce than the traditional jars that made up their sauce line.
In the SAUCE MINI CASE,Ragu chose to launch some of its most successful flavors in the new pouch packaging format in order to take advantage of ________ to gain quick customer acceptance of the new format.

A) perceptual mapping
B) Gestalt psychology
C) the halo effect
D) selective exposure
E) consumers' need for closure

Question 62

JUICE MINI CASE: Fruit Fusions is a well-known producer of organic fruit blended yogurts.It recently decided to start producing fruit juices under the Fruit Fusions name as well.The company's research determined that there was a potential niche market for organic fruit juices packaged in small single servings and sold as an alternative to canned soft drinks typically consumed during lunch. In trying to price the new line of drinks, Fruit Fusions asked consumers what they thought other drinks of a comparable quality cost, and what they considered to be a fair price for this kind of drink. With the slogan "Nothing this good comes in a can," the juice line's print ads feature a brightly colored bottle of juice on a completely white background and are placed in magazines specializing in health and wellness.
In the JUICE MINI CASE,Fruit Fusions places its advertisements in magazines focused on health and wellness under the assumption that people reading such magazines are interested in health foods and are more likely to notice the Fruit Fusions ad there than while reading a magazine focused on news and entertainment.This phenomenon is known as ________.

A) selective exposure
B) perceptual defense
C) perceptual organization
D) selective attention
E) perceptual blocking

Question 63

Whenever a person is stimulated,he or she is consciously aware of the stimulus.

Question 64

People perceive all stimuli to which they are exposed.

Question 65

The marketer's objective is to far exceed consumers' j.n.d.for product improvements in order to engender greater brand loyalty from consumers.

Question 66

CELL PHONE MINI CASE: Hype Mobile is a Korean cellular phone manufacturer that has significant market share in the United States and was the first to introduce camera phones to the US market.Its most recent advertising campaign showed three of its phone models and three people in different clothing fashions and asked readers to match the phone with the caller. In order to reach its hip, young, always-on-the-go target market, Hype placed these ads in bathroom stalls in trendy metropolitan night clubs. Mobile Power, Hype's leading competitor, tried to downplay Hype's trendy reputation by offering consumers a 7-day money-back customer satisfaction guarantee and a 2-year warrantee on its phones, advertising its products as "mobile tools that are more than just hype."
In the CELL PHONE MINI CASE,Mobile Power's warrantee is an attempt to help mitigate consumers' perception of ________.

A) functional risk
B) financial risk
C) psychological risk
D) social risk
E) physical risk

Question 67

According to Weber's law,a consumer will notice a 25 cent rise in the price of a 50 cent product more than a 25 cent rise in the price of a $10 product.

Question 68

The minimal difference that can be detected between two similar stimuli is called the absolute threshold.

Question 69

As an input for individual perceptions,physical stimuli are provided by individuals themselves in the form of certain predispositions.

Question 70

Marketers are much more interested in what consumers objectively know about their products than what they perceive.

Question 71

SAUCE MINI CASE: In 2008, Ragu launched an assortment of its commercially successful sauces in microwavable pouches and promoted them as a way for busy moms to serve a healthful, fast, home-cooked meal to their children while minimizing the mess of cooking by eliminating the need for a second pot to heat the pasta sauce. The pouches held fewer servings of sauce and were slightly more expensive per ounce than the traditional jars that made up their sauce line.
In the SAUCE MINI CASE,if consumers fail to notice the price difference between the pouch and jar formats of Ragu sauces,the price discrepancy is said to fall below consumers' ________.

A) differential threshold
B) absolute threshold
C) perceived risk
D) sensory reception
E) subliminal level

Question 72

For each individual,reality is a totally personal phenomenon,based on that person's needs,wants,values,and personal experiences.

Question 73

SAUCE MINI CASE: In 2008, Ragu launched an assortment of its commercially successful sauces in microwavable pouches and promoted them as a way for busy moms to serve a healthful, fast, home-cooked meal to their children while minimizing the mess of cooking by eliminating the need for a second pot to heat the pasta sauce. The pouches held fewer servings of sauce and were slightly more expensive per ounce than the traditional jars that made up their sauce line.
In the SAUCE MINI CASE,if Ragu paid to have the mothers in a television sitcom use Ragu pouches while cooking dinner during an episode of a show,this would be an example of ________.

A) perceptual blocking
B) selective exposure
C) product placement
D) cognitive dissonance
E) perceptual selection

Question 74

JUICE MINI CASE: Fruit Fusions is a well-known producer of organic fruit blended yogurts.It recently decided to start producing fruit juices under the Fruit Fusions name as well.The company's research determined that there was a potential niche market for organic fruit juices packaged in small single servings and sold as an alternative to canned soft drinks typically consumed during lunch. In trying to price the new line of drinks, Fruit Fusions asked consumers what they thought other drinks of a comparable quality cost, and what they considered to be a fair price for this kind of drink. With the slogan "Nothing this good comes in a can," the juice line's print ads feature a brightly colored bottle of juice on a completely white background and are placed in magazines specializing in health and wellness.
In the JUICE MINI CASE,Fruit Fusions is taking advantage of ________ in extending its brand name association to its new juice line as a means of increasing consumer acceptance of the new product.

A) umbrella positioning
B) product repositioning
C) contrast
D) consumer stereotypes
E) the halo effect

Question 75

There is strong evidence that subliminal advertising persuades people to buy goods or services.

Question 76

JUICE MINI CASE: Fruit Fusions is a well-known producer of organic fruit blended yogurts.It recently decided to start producing fruit juices under the Fruit Fusions name as well.The company's research determined that there was a potential niche market for organic fruit juices packaged in small single servings and sold as an alternative to canned soft drinks typically consumed during lunch. In trying to price the new line of drinks, Fruit Fusions asked consumers what they thought other drinks of a comparable quality cost, and what they considered to be a fair price for this kind of drink. With the slogan "Nothing this good comes in a can," the juice line's print ads feature a brightly colored bottle of juice on a completely white background and are placed in magazines specializing in health and wellness.
In the JUICE MINI CASE,Fruit Fusions explores consumers' ________ in order to determine the best price for its new fruit drinks.

A) external reference prices
B) efficiency prices
C) relationship prices
D) internal reference prices
E) satisfaction-based prices

Question 77

SAUCE MINI CASE: In 2008, Ragu launched an assortment of its commercially successful sauces in microwavable pouches and promoted them as a way for busy moms to serve a healthful, fast, home-cooked meal to their children while minimizing the mess of cooking by eliminating the need for a second pot to heat the pasta sauce. The pouches held fewer servings of sauce and were slightly more expensive per ounce than the traditional jars that made up their sauce line.
In the SAUCE MINI CASE,by packaging its most popular sauce flavors in the pouch format,instead of new flavors,Ragu is seeking to minimize consumers' perception of ________.

A) physical risk
B) functional risk
C) psychological risk
D) financial risk
E) time risk

Question 78

JUICE MINI CASE: Fruit Fusions is a well-known producer of organic fruit blended yogurts.It recently decided to start producing fruit juices under the Fruit Fusions name as well.The company's research determined that there was a potential niche market for organic fruit juices packaged in small single servings and sold as an alternative to canned soft drinks typically consumed during lunch. In trying to price the new line of drinks, Fruit Fusions asked consumers what they thought other drinks of a comparable quality cost, and what they considered to be a fair price for this kind of drink. With the slogan "Nothing this good comes in a can," the juice line's print ads feature a brightly colored bottle of juice on a completely white background and are placed in magazines specializing in health and wellness.
In the JUICE MINI CASE,Fruit Fusions' print ads are meant to draw a reader's attention through ________.

A) consumers' need for closure
B) an attribute focus
C) figure-and-ground relationships
D) consumers' tendency to jump to conclusions
E) consumers' tendency to group stimuli together

Question 79

JUICE MINI CASE: Fruit Fusions is a well-known producer of organic fruit blended yogurts.It recently decided to start producing fruit juices under the Fruit Fusions name as well.The company's research determined that there was a potential niche market for organic fruit juices packaged in small single servings and sold as an alternative to canned soft drinks typically consumed during lunch. In trying to price the new line of drinks, Fruit Fusions asked consumers what they thought other drinks of a comparable quality cost, and what they considered to be a fair price for this kind of drink. With the slogan "Nothing this good comes in a can," the juice line's print ads feature a brightly colored bottle of juice on a completely white background and are placed in magazines specializing in health and wellness.
In the JUICE MINI CASE,Fruit Fusions only sells its new juice line through high-end grocery stores and lunch boutiques in an effort to create a high-end reputation for its juice line through ________.

A) retail store image
B) consumer stereotypes
C) playing on consumers' need for closure
D) making a good first impression
E) perceived risk

Question 80

SAUCE MINI CASE: In 2008, Ragu launched an assortment of its commercially successful sauces in microwavable pouches and promoted them as a way for busy moms to serve a healthful, fast, home-cooked meal to their children while minimizing the mess of cooking by eliminating the need for a second pot to heat the pasta sauce. The pouches held fewer servings of sauce and were slightly more expensive per ounce than the traditional jars that made up their sauce line.
In the SAUCE MINI CASE,by packaging its most popular sauce flavors in the pouch format,instead of new flavors,Ragu is trying to appeal to ________.

A) low-risk perceivers
B) broad categorizers
C) consumer innovators
D) narrow categorizers
E) process-oriented consumers