Deck 5: 5 Public Policing and Private Security

Question 1

Which is the oldest federal law enforcement agency

A)U.S. Marshals
B)FBI
C)DHS
D)IRS

Answer 1

A

Question 2

AFIS is a (n):

A)National database of DNA records.
B)Computerized fingerprint system.
C)Automated stolen vehicle database.
D)Continually updating fugitive identification system.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which arrangement in early English society required that every person in a village beresponsible for protecting the settlement from thieves

A)The runner system
B)Community policing
C)The pledge system
D)The watch system

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is not a mission of the U.S. Secret Service

A)Investigate counterfeiting and other financial crimes, including financial institution fraud,identity theft and computer fraud.
B)Investigate threats against protected officials.
C)Protect the President and Vice-President.
D)Conduct and coordinate international investigations involving transnational criminalorganizations responsible for the illegal movement of people, goods, and technology intoand out of the United States

Question 5

English police officers are known as bobbies because:

A)The tails of the horses they rode were cut short (bobbed).
B)Sir Robert (Bobbie) Peel was responsible for their creation.
C)The first name Robert and its accompanying nickname Bobbie were extremely commonamong the first generation of English police.
D)They were paid in shillings, for which the slang term was "bob."

Question 6

Which federal agency is responsible for the transporting of federal prisoners

A)U.S. Marshals
B)FBI
C)Department of Homeland Security
D)Secret Service

Question 7

Who heads the U.S. Department of Justice

A)U.S. Attorney General
B)Secretary of the Treasury
C)Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
D)Secretary of State

Question 8

Which of the following is not a branch of the Department of Homeland Security

A)Customs and Border Protection
B)Department of Justice
C)Immigration and Customs Enforcement
D)U.S. Secret Service

Question 9

How did police reformer August Vollmer contribute to police professionalism

A)Instituting university training for young officers
B)Establishing the first formal police academy in the United States
C)Becoming the first president of the IACP
D)Creating the first SWAT team

Question 10

Under its reformulated priorities, the FBI's primary objective is to protect the:

A)Civil rights of those residing in the United States.
B)Businesses in the United States from infiltration by organized crime.
C)U.S. against espionage.
D)U.S. from terrorist attacks.

Question 11

The role of ______ law enforcement evolved from that of the early English shire reeve, whoseprimary duty was to assist the royal judges in trying prisoners and enforcing sentences.

A)Local
B)County
C)State
D)Federal

Question 12

The _____ was created in 1326 under the watch system of policing to assist the shire reeve incontrolling the county.

A)Deputy position
B)Constable position
C)Bobbie position
D)Justice of the peace

Question 13

What was the name of the organized private police that patrolled in eighteenth-centuryEngland

A)Constables
B)Shire reeves
C)Bobbies
D)Thief takers

Question 14

The defining event that helped shape police reforms in the 1990s was the:

A)Creation of the International Association of Chiefs of Police.
B)Creation of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration.
C)Growth of police unions.
D)Beating of Rodney King.

Question 15

Which term is used to describe the use of computer software to conduct analysis of behavioralpatterns in an effort to link open cases to known perpetrators

A)Crime mapping
B)CODIS
C)Data mining
D)Systems analysis

Question 16

Which of the following is false regarding the FBI

A)It maintains liaison offices in other countries.
B)It is an investigative agency rather than a police agency.
C)It has jurisdiction over all federal and state laws.
D)It was under the direction of J. Edgar Hoover from 1924 until his death in 1972.

Question 17

Which federal agency enforces the Gun Control Act of 1968 and the Organized Crime ControlAct of 1970

A)ATF
B)FBI
C)DHS
D)Secret Service

Question 18

Which of the following is not an advantage of high-definition surveying

A)Investigators can manipulate every piece of evidence.
B)The perspective of the crime scene can be manipulated.
C)Crime scene contamination is limited.
D)It relies on photographic evidence and two-dimensional drawings.

Question 19

The _______________ was created in 1929 by President Herbert Hoover to study the U.S.criminal justice system and make recommendations for improvement.

A)Criminal Justice Institute
B)National Institute of Justice
C)Law Enforcement Assistance Administration
D)Wickersham Commission

Question 20

Which of the following was not one of Sir Robert Peel's nine principles ofpolicing

A)The basic mission for which the police exist is to make arrests and aid in convictions.
B)The ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent on public approval of policeactions.
C)Police must secure the willing cooperation of the public in voluntary observance of thelaw in order to secure and maintain public respect.
D)Police preserve public favor by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to thelaw.

Question 21

Law enforcement in colonial America paralleled the _________ model.

A)British
B)Chinese
C)Japanese
D)Spanish

Question 22

Which is the following was not a problem faced by the police during the 1960s

A)Skyrocketing crime rates
B)Pressure from police reform groups such as the IACP
C)Vietnam protests
D)Race riots

Question 23

How do private police compare with public police

A)The primary focus of private police is enforcement of the criminal law.
B)Much of public policing is concerned with loss prevention.
C)Private police are concerned almost solely with prevention.
D)There are no differences between public and private police.

Question 24

In medieval England, who was expected to make a hue and cry to assemble his helpers andwarn the village when trouble occurred

A)Constable
B)Sheriff
C)Shire reeve
D)Tythingman

Question 25

___________ enables the police to target and direct resources to geographic hot spots ofpredatory crime.

A)Biometrics
B)Crime mapping
C)AFIS
D)CODIS

Question 26

Which was the first major technological breakthrough in early policing

A)Bicycle patrols
B)Community policing
C)Telegraph communication
D)Hand-held radios

Question 27

Which of the following is false about biometrics

A)Biometric authenticators are unique to the user and as a result cannot be stolen and usedwithout that individual's knowledge.
B)Biometrics involves automated methods of recognizing a person based on their fingerprintcharacteristics.
C)Biometrics can be used at all levels of government and in private businesses.
D)Casinos have started to implement biometrics to recognize when known cheaters entertheir premises.

Question 28

Which of the following is not a task performed by private police

A)Surveillance via CCTV cameras
B)Escorting a fired employee out of the building
C)Providing a night watch to deter trespassing
D)Enforcing traffic laws by issuing citations to motorists

Question 29

CASE 5.1
Danny is a new police recruit. He is amazed at the technology that is used at his police department. His goal is to become a detective who works in the crime scene investigation unit of his police department. Because of this goal, when he responds to a call he pays particular attention to the technology used by his police department.
One call that Danny responds to is a shooting in which the offender is believed to be hiding ina vacant office building. What device are the officers using to detect whether the suspect is actually hiding in this vacant office building

A)Biometrics
B)Data mining
C)DNA testing
D)Thermal imagers

Question 30

Where was the first formal police department created in the United States in 1838

A)New York
B)Philadelphia
C)Boston
D)Texas

Question 31

Which is the correct hierarchical order of law enforcement agencies

A)Federal, county, state, metropolitan
B)Federal, state, county, metropolitan
C)Federal, state, metropolitan, county
D)Federal, metropolitan, state, county

Question 32

Which of the following is an example of soft technology that law enforcement uses

A)Metal detectors
B)Tasers
C)Sex offender registration
D)Street lighting

Question 33

Which of the following is an example of hard technology used by law enforcement

A)Ignition interlock systems
B)Facial recognition software
C)Crime mapping
D)Gunshot location devices

Question 34

Which of the following is false about Gunshot Location Systems

A)This system uses sensors to determine the direction from which the sound came and cantriangulate and determine the exact location from which the gunshots were fired.
B)This technology is known to deter criminals.
C)An advantage of this technology is rapid response by police.
D)A limitation of this technology is its high cost.

Question 35

All of the following are reasons for the growth in private policing except:

A)The desire for nongovernmental service provisions.
B)Growth in mass private property.
C)A belief that the private sector can do a better job than the public sector.
D)Private police are better trained.

Question 36

CASE 5.1
Danny is a new police recruit. He is amazed at the technology that is used at his police department. His goal is to become a detective who works in the crime scene investigation unit of his police department. Because of this goal, when he responds to a call he pays particular attention to the technology used by his police department.
Danny responded to a robbery in which the suspect left a note demanding money. Dannyhands over this note to crime scene investigators who want to compare the handwriting on thenote to other notes left at previous robberies. This handwriting will be compared to samplesthat already exist in a database. Using handwriting to identify individuals is a part of a practiceof:

A)Biometrics
B)Data mining
C)DNA testing
D)Thermal imagers

Question 37

What was the result of the Boston police strike in 1919

A)All striking officers were fired and replaced with new recruits.
B)Police officers received an increase in their salaries.
C)The police officers were able to form a successful union that negotiated with politicalleaders.
D)Police officers received more vacation and sick days.

Question 38

CASE 5.1
Danny is a new police recruit. He is amazed at the technology that is used at his police department. His goal is to become a detective who works in the crime scene investigation unit of his police department. Because of this goal, when he responds to a call he pays particular attention to the technology used by his police department.
Danny is surprised to learn that DNA evidence collected at local crime scenes in hisjurisdiction are sent to a federal database titled "Combined DNA Index System." Whichfederal agency maintains this CODIS database

A)DEA
B)FBI
C)CIA
D)DHS

Question 39

CASE 5.1
Danny is a new police recruit. He is amazed at the technology that is used at his police department. His goal is to become a detective who works in the crime scene investigation unit of his police department. Because of this goal, when he responds to a call he pays particular attention to the technology used by his police department.
Because of his commendable performance during his first year as a police rookie, Danny isbeing assigned to a task force that will be investigating counterfeiting and other financialcrimes. With which federal agency will Danny most likely work as part of this task force

A)ATF
B)DHS
C)Secret Service
D)U.S. Marshalls

Question 40

The _______________ is an investigative agency with jurisdiction over all lawenforcement matters in which the United States is an interested party.

A)Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
B)Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
C)Department of Justice (DOJ)
D)U.S. Secret Service

Question 41

Police during the nineteenth century were regarded as incompetent and corrupt and weredisliked by the people they served.

Question 42

Data mining recognizes geographic "hot spots" where a majority of predatory crimes areconcentrated.

Question 43

In the 1990s, police departments began to embrace community policing.

Question 44

CASE 5.2
Chief Jones has been a police officer since 1960. He was hired by the New York City Police Department in 1960 when he was 20 years old. He is now 72 years old and will be retiring as the police chief of a police department in a city located 60 miles outside of New York City. He has seen many changes in policing over the past fifty years.
Many young police officers in Chief Jones' agency often question their Chief as to why henever went into federal law enforcement. Chief Jones tells his officers that he was recruited tohelp restructure Immigration and Customs Enforcement following the September 11, 2001,attacks. Immigration and Customs Enforcement is part of which department

A)Department of Defense
B)Department of Homeland Security
C)Department of Justice
D)Department of Veteran Affair

Question 45

Terrorism is a major focus of police agencies today.

Question 46

CASE 5.2
Chief Jones has been a police officer since 1960. He was hired by the New York City Police Department in 1960 when he was 20 years old. He is now 72 years old and will be retiring as the police chief of a police department in a city located 60 miles outside of New York City. He has seen many changes in policing over the past fifty years.
The officers continue to ask Chief Jones about Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Someof them want to know what type of law enforcement opportunities exist in this agency. ChiefJones discusses the components of ICE. All of the following are components of ICE except:

A)Office of Investigations
B)Office of Detention and Removal Operations
C)Office of Intelligence
D)Witness Security

Question 47

One criticism of private policing is that it could eventually replace government.

Question 48

There are more than two million employees involved in private policing.

Question 49

The Metropolitan Police Act established the first organized police force in London.

Question 50

Immigration and Customs Enforcement is part of the Department of HomelandSecurity.

Question 51

Facial recognition software is an example of hard technology used by law enforcement.

Question 52

The shire reeve was considered the first police officer in the United States.

Question 53

The U.S. Marshals work with law enforcement authorities at the federal, state, and locallevels to apprehend felons.

Question 54

In the late nineteenth century, police work was not desirable because it paid less than mostother blue-collar jobs.

Question 55

Many of the first law enforcement officers in London were corrupt and unsuccessful atstopping crime.

Question 56

The early nineteenth century was an era of widespread urban unrest and mob violence, whichled local leaders to realize that a more structured police function was needed to keep the peace.

Question 57

The colonial sheriff did not patrol or seek out crime but only reacted to citizens'complaints and investigated crimes once they already occurred.

Question 58

Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) and Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE) arebranches of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

Question 59

CASE 5.2
Chief Jones has been a police officer since 1960. He was hired by the New York City Police Department in 1960 when he was 20 years old. He is now 72 years old and will be retiring as the police chief of a police department in a city located 60 miles outside of New York City. He has seen many changes in policing over the past fifty years.
Chief Jones is concerned that too many public policing responsibilities are being shifted to theprivate sector. He is a firm believer that policing should be left to the government, not privatecorporations. All of the following are common criticisms of private policing except:

A)Motives are more important than the protection of public safety.
B)Private policing could replace public police.
C)Private police have unbridled authority over citizens and public police officers.
D)Private security guards are not subject to the same search and seizure standards as publicpolice officers.

Question 60

Many police agencies invested in computer technology in the 1970s because of fundingprovided by the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA).

Question 61

____________________ gives the police the ability to analyze detailed visuals of crimepatterns.

Question 62

____________________ gained national attention during the O.J. Simpson trial; it allowssuspects to be identified on the basis of the genetic material found in hair, blood, and otherbodily tissues and fluids.

Question 63

Private police focus largely on prevention.

Question 64

____________________ is credited with the passage of the Metropolitan PoliceAct, which established the first organized police force in London.

Question 65

Since 2000, police agencies have been investing more in _______________-based practice,in order to increase efficiency, and "do more with less."

Question 66

The ____________________ investigates counterfeiting and other financial crimes.

Question 67

On the western frontier of the early United States, where formal law enforcement had fewresources, the law was often enforced by ____________________, or groups of citizensenforcing the law through their own means.

Question 68

____________________ was the chief of police in Berkeley, California, who helped found theSchool of Criminology at the University of California.

Question 69

_______________________ involves personalized service and decentralized policing, citizenempowerment, and an effort to reduce community fear of crime, disorder, and decay.

Question 70

____________________ is defined as automated methods of recognizing a person based onphysiological or behavioral characteristics.

Question 71

The _______________ is the legal arm of the federal government and is headed by theAttorney General.

Question 72

The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) is a federal agency charged withinvestigating suspicious auto insurance claims.

Question 73

In England, the _________________ was the chief law enforcement official of a countyand the equivalent of a modern day sheriff.

Question 74

The ____________________ helps control sales of untaxed liquor and cigarettes.

Question 75

____________________ is concerned with guarding private property from theft, trespass, anddamage.

Question 76

__________ technology consists of new materials and equipment, such as Tasers andspecialized metal detectors, used by the police to catch criminals or prevent crime.

Question 77

____________________ can classify fingerprints and identify up to 250 characteristics on theprint.

Question 78

The four main levels of law enforcement in the United States are ____________,_____________, _______________, and __________.

Question 79

____________________ is paramount in the private policing context, whereas public policingrelies more heavily on the detection of criminal acts and the apprehension of suspects.

Question 80

Some states now permit the taking of DNA from arrestees.