Deck 7: Contraception and Abortion

Question 1

With statement does NOT describe the role played by progestin in the combination pill?

A)Progestin makes the cervical mucus thick.
B)Progestin changes the lining of the uterus.
C)Progestin inhibits FSH production.
D)Progestin inhibits LH production.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Abortion first became legal in Canada (under restricted circumstances)in 1969.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The combination pill is probably the best choice for a woman over 35 who smokes.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Mary is a very conscientious person in all that she does.She applies this sense of conscientiousness in taking her birth control pill.She takes the pill exactly according to directions.Mary can be considered

A)a typical user.
B)a perfect user.
C)a normative user.
D)a user where there is no chance of experiencing failure of contraception.

Question 5

The combination pill __________ estrogen levels,and it ________ FSH production.

A)increases;stimulates
B)increases;inhibits
C)decreases;inhibits
D)decreases;stimulates

Question 6

Which contraceptive has the highest typical failure rate?

A)oral contraceptive pill
B)IUD
C)male condom
D)female condom

Question 7

When a couple correctly uses the diaphragm,condom and spermicidal jelly/foam,the likelihood of becoming pregnant is almost nil.

Question 8

Three women out of every hundred who use the Pill will become pregnant during a year.What does the three percent represent?

A)Failure rate
B)Effectiveness rate
C)Typical user rate
D)Non-success rate

Question 9

Female sterilization is basically the same thing as a hysterectomy.

Question 10

Despite the illegality of abortion in Greece until 1986,abortion was widespread and performed by gynecologists in private offices.

Question 11

Theoretically,contraception could be provided by a vaccination.

Question 12

The American Psychological Association reviewed all the research on the relationship between abortion and women's mental health and concluded that women who have a single,legal,first-trimester abortion are not at greater risk for mental health problems than women who deliver an unwanted pregnancy.

Question 13

How does the oral contraceptive pill work?

A)It mainly prevents ovulation.
B)It kills sperm before they enter the fallopian tubes.
C)It effectives the endometria lining preventing implantation.
D)It causes sperm to stick to the vaginal wall,impacting their ability to enter the uterus.

Question 14

Why is a discussion of overpopulation relevant to the history of contraceptive use?

A)Concerns about the ability for the planet to sustain the growing population lead many experts to believe that the population must be limited.
B)Concerns about the ability for the planet to sustain the growing population lead to the development of hormonal contraception.
C)Concerns about the rising population of unhealthy people lead many experts to believe that reproduction of some segments of the population must occur.
D)It is relevant to reproduction but not contraception.

Question 15

Providing contraception has focused primarily upon contraceptive methods for women rather than for men.

Question 16

Vasectomies are simpler to perform than female sterilization procedures and are free to obtain in Canada.

Question 17

Contraceptive use in our society has become an integral part of our value and behaviour system as seen by the way we begin using contraceptives as teenagers.

Question 18

Methotrexate is a method of abortion and is also used to treat ectopic pregnancy.

Question 19

The teen pregnancy rate in Canada is approximately the same as that in the United States.

Question 20

Male hormonal contraceptive methods have not been developed because in Western societies women are expected to bear the sole responsibility for contraception.

Question 21

In what year was the first Canadian birth control clinic established?

A)1895
B)1920
C)1932
D)1960

Question 22

A woman on the pill mixes up her schedule while on vacation.She remembers to take her pill the first two days of her vacation but then forgets to take her pill the next three days in a row.According to your text,what should she do?

A)Take a pill as soon as possible and then another one at regular schedule and resume her schedule.
B)Take 2 pills right away and then resume her regular schedule.
C)Quit taking the pill for 7 days straight to menstruate and start her regular schedule for the next month.
D)Take a pill as soon as possible,resume her regular schedule,and use a back-up form of birth control.

Question 23

There are two contraception devices available in Canada that look like an IUD.The one that IS an IUD contains ______,the other is not actually an IUD because it contains ________.

A)progesterone;copper
B)copper;progesterone
C)the T-shape;a U-shape
D)they are both IUDs

Question 24

How does the IUD prevent pregnancy?

A)Inhibiting ovulation.
B)Increasing estrogen levels.
C)Producing changes in the uterus.
D)Preventing sperm from entering the uterus.

Question 25

What do women on the pill have an increased susceptibility to?

A)Crabs
B)Scabies
C)Syphilis
D)Chlamydia

Question 26

Which contraceptive is inserted into the vagina,remains there for 21 days,and stops ovulation from occurring?

A)cervical cup
B)IUD
C)diaphragm
D)the vaginal ring

Question 27

The use of IUD's declined sharply in North America in the 1980s.Why?

A)they were replaced by the female condom
B)simply never became popular
C)lawsuits against manufacturers for damages suffered by users
D)the shape of the device was uncomfortable

Question 28

What appears to be a real advantage for women taking the pill?

A)A decreased susceptibility to gonorrhea.
B)A decrease of pre-menstrual pain.
C)A decreased susceptibility to vaginitis.
D)A decrease in susceptibility to breast cancer.

Question 29

The occasional side effects of irritability and depression in pill-users are probably related to the pill's

A)estrogen content.
B)progesterone content.
C)inhibition of sexual desire.
D)increased level of vaginitis.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of IUDs?

A)It is inexpensive.
B)There is no interruption of the sexual experience.
C)It is easily placed by the women several hours prior to intercourse.
D)Fertility is not effected after removal.

Question 31

What is the most significant advantage a Depo-Provera injection has as a contraceptive?

A)There is no side effects.
B)That it does not require memory to use it properly.
C)The shortened period of infertility following cessation.
D)Its unique balance between the hormones of estrogen and progestin.

Question 32

When does failures in the use of the contraceptive pill usually occur?

A)When the pill does not contain enough estrogen.
B)When a woman switches brands and the new pill is not as effective as the one she had been on.
C)When a woman forgets to take the pill for a day or two or so.
D)When a woman has intercourse with a male who is highly fertile in the number of sperm he produces.

Question 33

Depo-Provera is a(n)________ method of contraception.

A)estrogen-only
B)synthetic estrogen
C)progestin-only
D)combination estrogen and progestin

Question 34

One type of contraceptive pill that changes the cervical mucus such that sperm cannot get through,but where about 40% of the women still ovulate is the

A)combination pill
B)triphasic pill
C)progestin-only pill
D)estrogen-only pill

Question 35

Which of the following does NOT described how progestin-only pills work?

A)Inhibiting implantation of the egg.
B)Inhibiting ovulation.
C)Changing the cervical mucus so that sperm can't get through.
D)Produces mucus that kills sperm.

Question 36

Considering the serious side effects of the contraceptive pill that have been stated in the media,which claim has been substantiated?

A)That the pill causes cancer of the cervix.
B)That the pill causes cancer of the breast.
C)That the pill causes cancer of the uterus.
D)That the pill causes problems relating to blood clotting.

Question 37

Dr.Henry Morgentaler has been instrumental in bringing changes to Canada's abortion laws through a campaign characterized by

A)mobilizing groups of women and staging violent protests.
B)targeting key legal officials and initiating aggressive media attacks.
C)refusing to obey governmental demands in a nonviolent manner meant to force concession regarding women's rights for abortion.
D)seeking to attain higher and higher political offices to make changes within the system.

Question 38

Which group is at-risk and should not use the contraceptive pill?

A)Women who are over 35 and are cigarette smokers.
B)Women who are between the ages of 18 and 34 and who tend to have 3-4 drinks per week.
C)Women who are between the ages of 18 and 34 and who tend to have 3-4 drinks per weekend at one sitting.
D)Women who have low libido.

Question 39

This contraceptive must be administered every 3 months for maximum effectiveness.One apparent side effect is amenorrhea.This contraceptive is

A)Depo-Provera
B)the estrogen-only injection
C)Norplant
D)the copper-T IUD

Question 40

Use of the oral contraceptive pill has a major disadvantage in that

A)the burden of contraception is placed solely or mainly on the woman.
B)it may not be as useful for the woman who has intercourse frequently as compared to the woman who has intercourse infrequently.
C)it tends to interfere with sexual intercourse-because the woman must remember to take the pill every day for the whole menstrual cycle.
D)there are negative long term effects on the fertility of the woman.

Question 41

How do the contraceptive sponge and cervical caps differ?

A)They are both inserted.
B)They both work as barriers.
C)They both contain a spermicide.
D)Their concave shape.

Question 42

The basic principle on which cervical caps operate are

A)by releasing progestin to keep the fertilized egg from implanting in the endometrium of the uterus.
B)blocking the entrance of the uterus.
C)changing the environment of the vagina to one of being more acidic.
D)preventing the egg from entering the fallopian tube.

Question 43

The failure rate of the IUD is

A)better than the pill or sterilization.
B)better than Depo-Provera.
C)similar to the pill and Depo-Provera.
D)highest during its first three months after insertion.

Question 44

The perfect-user failure rate for condoms is about ________ percent,while the typical-user failure rate for condoms is about ________ percent.

A)2;18
B)14;2
C)15;2
D)3;32

Question 45

Which of the following methods of contraception is NOT VERY effective,is awkward,and is relatively noisy?

A)female condom
B)sterilization
C)male condom
D)diaphragm

Question 46

What do spermicides do?

A)Kill sperm with chemicals in an inert base and drying up the fluid sperm swim in.
B)Kill sperm with chemicals in an inert base and blocking the entrance to the cervix so that sperm cannot swim into it.
C)Introduce chemicals into the vagina which interact with the sperm and confuse them and blocking the entrance to the cervix so that sperm cannot swim into it.
D)Dry up the fluid sperm that swims in and introducing chemicals into the vagina which interact with the sperm and confuse them.

Question 47

Most contraceptive failures that occur with the use of cervical cap

A)result from improper use.
B)result from leaving it in too long.
C)are caused by using too much contraceptive cream or jelly which causes the diaphragm to become dislodged during intercourse.
D)are because of the one and only size in which the diaphragm comes.

Question 48

Once the IUD is in place.

A)one of the side effects is that the woman cannot use a tampon during menstruation.
B)it does tend to interrupt intercourse at times when the sexual act is prolonged.
C)it can be considered permanent,never having to be replaced.
D)it is simple to use,needing only to be checked periodically to see that the strings are in place.

Question 49

Which is the only form of contraception that protects partners from skin-to-skin transmission of STI's,such as herpes and HPV,during heterosexual sex when these occur in the areas surrounding the penis and entrance to the vagina?

A)birth control pills
B)sponge
C)female condom
D)there isn't one

Question 50

Over long periods of time,________ may contribute to premature ejaculation in men.

A)withdrawal
B)the condom
C)a vasectomy
D)the rhythm method

Question 51

How long does each patch (Evra)lasts?

A)1 day
B)7 days
C)14 days
D)28 days

Question 52

Of the following,which is the most effective form of contraception?

A)Female condom
B)IUD
C)Male condom
D)Cervical cap

Question 53

The kind of condom that you should use that helps in protecting against the transmission of most STIs

A)is made of latex.
B)is made of animal skin.
C)is made of silk.
D)contains spermicides.

Question 54

Which historical figure first popularized the condom?

A)President Bill Clinton
B)Elvis
C)Napoleon
D)Casanova

Question 55

The typical user failure rate of cervical caps are about _______ percent

A)1
B)7
C)10
D)20

Question 56

What is the major disadvantage of the use of spermicides?

A)Possibility of an allergic reaction.
B)Interaction with alcohol deteriorates the function.
C)Combination with latex creates a chemical toxin.
D)The excessive time required for left-over spermicide to wash away.

Question 57

A vaginal barrier device must be left in place for at least ________ hour(s)after intercourse.

A)1
B)3
C)6
D)12

Question 58

For the condom to be most effective what is needed?

A)To be carefully rolled onto the penis just before ejaculation.
B)The penis should be withdrawn after ejaculation soon after the man's erection has begun to subside.
C)It must be put on before intromission and the penis must be withdrawn soon after ejaculation.
D)Spermicide-coated condoms should be used which helps create an alkaline vaginal environment which is harmful to sperm.

Question 59

There is evidence of a reduction in rates of ______ cancer among long-time users of the diaphragm.

A)breast
B)cervical
C)ovarian
D)vaginal

Question 60

Which of the following describes Depo-Provera?

A)For maximum effectiveness it must be administered every six months.
B)The birth control pill is more effective then Depo-Provera.
C)It can result in irreversible bone loss.
D)Women become fertile immediately after stopping its use.

Question 61

You are a contraception consultant at a sexual health clinic.A 27-year-old female client booked an appointment to discuss long-term birth control methods.Specifically,she is considering voluntary sterilization.She is 85% certain that she never wants to have children.Given what you know about the reversibility of female sterilization surgeries,you suggest that when making this decision,she should consider which of the following?

A)The procedure will be irreversible.
B)Reversibility of the procedure typically has a 50% success rate.
C)Temporary sterilization procedures need to be requested when seeking this kind of surgery.
D)Female sterilization procedures are not very effective as it is.

Question 62

You are working at a sexual health clinic as a contraception consultant.A 35-year-old male client comes to talk to you about getting a vasectomy.He is aware that there are surgeries that can reverse the vasectomy for when he decides to conceive with a partner down the road.Given what you know about outcomes of vasectomies,what other information do you suggest he consider?

A)Because vasectomies are not very effective,a reversal is unlikely to be necessary.
B)His information is wrong because vasectomies are not reversible.
C)There is a chance that his body could form antibodies to his sperm after a vasectomy making reversal very difficult.
D)Sperm of older men are more likely to carry genetic defects than sperm of younger men.

Question 63

Which of the following is FALSE regarding male hormonal methods of contraception?

A)Production of sperm will continue.
B)They stop sperm production.
C)They suppress the production of LH and FSH.
D)They decrease the sex drive of men who take them.

Question 64

When using the calendar method of birth control,women with perfectly regular cycles need to abstain from intercourse for at least _________ day(s).

A)1
B)3
C)8
D)14

Question 65

The sympto-thermal contraceptive method

A)combines measurements of cervical mucus with that of basal body temperature.
B)combines basal body temperature and the use of the diaphragm.
C)measures cervical dilation and corresponding basal body temperature.
D)measures hormone level in the urine and variations in the cervical mucus.

Question 66

A male contraceptive device approved by Health Canada for clinical trial is called an intra-vas device.How does it work?

A)Inhibits sperm production.
B)Stops sperm mobility.
C)Reduces sperm count.
D)Blocks sperm from getting to the penis.

Question 67

What is one major disadvantage of the rhythm method?

A)Its relatively high success rate.
B)The independence that it gives the woman in carrying it out.
C)The psychological stress related to forced abstinence and worry about possible pregnancy.
D)How easy it is to adhere to requirements of the menstrual cycle.

Question 68

Which statement describes female sterilization?

A)A minilaparotomy is also called a laparoscopy.
B)It offers no protection from sexually transmitted infections.
C)It may bring on premature menopause.
D)It is simpler than male sterilization.

Question 69

What is the most serious physical side effect from a vasectomy?

A)Impotence in about 15 percent of the cases.
B)Development of a higher-pitched voice.
C)A decrease in the manufacture of testosterone.
D)Minimal,if there are any side effects at all.

Question 70

Female sterilization usually involves which of the following?

A)removal of the uterus
B)removal of the ovaries
C)tying,cutting,or cauterizing each of the fallopian tubes
D)complete surgical removal of the fallopian tubes

Question 71

The calendar method,the basal body temperature method,and the cervical mucus method are all variations on the ___________ method of birth control.

A)combination pill
B)withdrawal
C)Depo-Provera
D)rhythm

Question 72

Using the cervical mucus method,abstinence is required when mucus is

A)first absent,until it is clear.
B)white.
C)clear.
D)first present,until four days after the days when it is clear.

Question 73

Which of the following is the most effective method of birth control?

A)the condom
B)cervical cap
C)the diaphragm
D)combination pills

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT a reason for failure of a vasectomy?

A)Pregnancy occurred just after the procedure when sperm were still present.
B)The no-scalpel vasectomy was used.
C)The physician did not cut all the way through the vas deferens.
D)The split part of the vas deferens grew back together.

Question 75

As a form of contraception,the BBT (basal body temperature)method has a major disadvantage in that

A)it determines "safe" days only before ovulation.
B)it determines "safe" days only after ovulation.
C)it requires close,continued inspection of the cervical mucus.
D)keeping track of both vaginal temperature and general body temperature complicates sex a great deal.

Question 76

Which of the following rhythm methods is the simplest and probably has the highest failure rate?

A)The basal body temperature method.
B)The cervical mucus (ovulation)method.
C)The sympto-thermal method.
D)The calendar method.

Question 77

Male sterilization is called a vasectomy because

A)the vas deferens are removed.
B)the vascular system feeding sperm growth is interrupted.
C)the vas deferens are tied or cut.
D)Dr.Vas K.Tomy invented the procedure.

Question 78

Sterilization as a method of contraception

A)is the same as castration for the female.
B)really has not gained much popularity as a contraceptive means in Canada.
C)is more common for individuals in their 20s than it is for those in their 30s or 40s.
D)is quite common among married couples.

Question 79

The terms 'minilaparotomy' and 'laparoscopy' are types of surgery used for

A)cutting the vas deferens.
B)insertion of Norplant and Depo-Provera,respectively.
C)tying the fallopian tubes.
D)reversing a vasectomy.

Question 80

What are the majority of unwanted pregnancies a direct result of?

A)Men forcing sexual intercourse on women.
B)A female trying to hold onto a male partner by getting pregnant.
C)The failure of sexually active persons to use contraceptives responsibly.
D)Spontaneous sex.