Deck 10: Reproduction: Decisions About Having or Not Having Children

Question 1

Which of the following factors affect the decision to have children?

A)to be accepted by friends
B)to be fulfilled as a person
C)to continue the family line
D)All of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Child-free couples

A)feel negatively stereotyped by society.
B)are more satisfied with their relationship as compared to couples with children.
C)feel pronatalist pressures from their parents.
D)All of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Laws that allow a person to anonymously leave a newborn at a hospital, police station or other designated place without fear of prosecution are called

A)neonatal laws. B neonaticide laws.
C)safe haven laws.
D)All of the above

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The cost to raise a child to age 18, excluding college, for a middle income family is approximately ________.

A)$50,000.
B)$120,000.
C)$170,000.
D)$220,000.

Question 5

________ of infertility problems are attributed to both partners.

A)2%
B)10%
C)20%
D)30%

Question 6

According to one study, the average length of time for a couple to conceive was

A)2)5 months.
B)4)5 months.
C)6 months.
D)1 year.

Question 7

A 2010 Pew Research Center study indicated that the number of Americans who say they do not want children is approaching

A)4%.
B)10%.
C)16%.
D)20%.

Question 8

The average age of first-time mothers has increased to

A)21.4
B)23.6
C)25.1
D)27.2

Question 9

Which group has the highest birth rates?

A)women with high school diplomas
B)women who do not have a high school diploma
C)women who have bachelor's degrees
D)women who have master's degrees

Question 10

The large drop in teenage pregnancies in the 21ˢᵗ century (other than during 2005-2006)is due primarily to

A)abstinence pledges.
B)more effective use of birth control.
C)media portrayal and discouragement of sexually active teens.
D)fear of pregnancy.

Question 11

Advantages of delaying having children include

A)finishing one's education.
B)diminished fertility.
C)increased risk of Down's.
D)All of the above

Question 12

The loss of wages that parents sacrifice to raise children are called

A)opportunity costs.
B)opportunity rewards.
C)antinatalism.
D)pronatalism.

Question 13

Among women ages 40-44 who have already had children, fertility rates are

A)highest among low-income women and lowest among high-income women.
B)lowest among low-income women and highest among high-income women.
C)relatively constant among low- and high-income women.
D)highest for low- and high-income women.

Question 14

The number of only child families had increased to ________ of all families in 2007.

A)10%
B)15%
C)20%
D)25%

Question 15

A marriage that is voluntarily without children is called

A)childless.
B)child-free.
C)postponed.
D)pronatalist.

Question 16

The percentage of children in the U.S. under the age of 18 is

A)increasing slowly.
B)decreasing.
C)increasing dramatically due to the baby boom.
D)remaining about the same.

Question 17

Couples who are pleasantly surprised upon learning they are pregnant are called

A)planner partners.
B)ambivalent partners.
C)yes-no partners.
D)acceptance of fate partners.

Question 18

Which women have the highest fertility rates?

A)non-Hispanic whites
B)Hispanics
C)non-Hispanic blacks
D)Asians

Question 19

According to one study, the majority of sexually active couples seeking to have a baby conceive within ________ months.

A)2
B)6
C)24
D)36

Question 20

Which of the following coincides with the statement "We didn't really want a baby, but we'll go ahead with it"?

A)acceptance of fate partners
B)ambivalent partners
C)yes-no partners
D)planner partners

Question 21

Private adoption is also called a(n)________ adoption.

A)closed
B)open
C)semi-open
D)independent

Question 22

Safe haven laws

A)are an old European custom.
B)were first enacted in Texas.
C)exist in every U.S. state.
D)All of the above

Question 23

Parents investing their resources in their children rather than in themselves is an example of

A)delayed gratification.
B)opportunity costs.
C)independent wage earning.
D)opportunity spending.

Question 24

The technique used when a woman consents to be inseminated and carry another couple's child to term is called

A)gamete intrafallopian transfer.
B)in vitro fertilization.
C) zygote transfer.
D)surrogacy.

Question 25

The technique used when the sperm of the father and the mother's egg are fertilized in a laboratory dish and placed in the mother's uterus is called

A)gamete intrafallopian transfer.
B)embryo transfer.
C)surrogacy .
D)in vitro fertilization.

Question 26

Which of the following is an assisted reproductive technology?

A)fertility enhancing drugs
B)artificial insemination
C)in vitro fertilization
D)All of the above

Question 27

________ adoptions are those in which the biological and adoptive parents exchange information, communicate often, and have active contact throughout the child's life.

A)Open
B)Semi-open
C)Closed
D)Limited

Question 28

About ________ of all pregnancies end in miscarriages.

A)10%
B)20%
C)33%
D)42%

Question 29

Which of the following is the least effective method of contraception?

A)condoms
B)diaphragms
C)birth control pills
D)natural family planning

Question 30

Which of the following countries had a higher number of available baby girls for adoption in 2007?

A)Philippines
B)Mexico
C)Russia
D)China

Question 31

The best contraceptive method for sexually active people not in a monogamous relationship is

A)birth control pills.
B)condoms.
C)"the morning after" pill.
D)vaginal sponges.

Question 32

Research on abstinence-only education revealed that ________ compared to those who did not receive abstinence-only training.

A)those taught abstinence-only had a much later date of first intercourse
B)those taught abstinence-only had similar rates of first intercourse
C)those taught abstinence-only had a slightly earlier date of first intercourse
D)those taught abstinence-only married at earlier ages

Question 33

Unwanted children tend to suffer from

A)drug and alcohol problems.
B)a high rate of dropping out.
C)more dissatisfaction with life.
D)All of the above

Question 34

Which of the following assisted reproductive technologies is termed "test tube babies"?

A)gamete intrafallopian transfer
B)embryo transfer
C)in vitro fertilization
D)All of the above

Question 35

A 2009 poll found that ________ of Americans surveyed believed abortion should be illegal in all cases.

A)16%
B)22%
C)38%
D)47%

Question 36

Approximately ________ of all couples are unable to conceive a child.

A)10% to 15%
B)15% to 20%
C)20% to 25%
D)25% to 30%

Question 37

Child-free couples most commonly find that society has

A)supported their decisions.
B)a pronatalist bias.
C)no opinion of their child-free status.
D)taken having children for granted.

Question 38

________ of infertility problems are attributed to female problems.

A)10%
B)25%
C)40%
D)50%

Question 39

Natural family planning methods include

A)BBT.
B)cervical mucus method.
C)withdrawal.
D)All of the above

Question 40

Which of the following support safe haven laws?

A)anti-abortion groups
B)Planned Parenthood
C)conservative groups
D)All of the above

Question 41

Panel 10.9 indicates that ________ are the largest percentage of children in foster care in the U.S.

A)non-Hispanic blacks
B)non-Hispanic whites
C)Hispanics
D)Asians

Question 42

The sperm of males with an infertile partner is placed in another woman's uterus during ovulation. The fertilized embryo is transplanted five days later into the uterus of the infertile woman, who carries the baby to term. This process is called

A)embryo transfer.
B)surrogacy.
C)GIFT.
D)ZIFT.

Question 43

Nursing a baby after childbirth suppresses ovulation; therefore, it can be an effective birth control method.

Question 44

Adoptive parents often experience the "post-adoption blues" after they adopt, a condition similar to the feelings experienced by parents of their own biological newborns.

Question 45

African Americans have the highest fertility rates.

Question 46

Too much sex can be a cause for infertility for men.

Question 47

In Panel 10.4, what region/area of the country had the highest costs to raise a child?

A)the South
B)the Northeast
C)the West
D)the Midwest

Question 48

Approximately half the states in the U.S. have a waiting period of 24 hours prior to abortions.

Question 49

Fertility rates refer to the number of births per year per thousand women of childbearing age.

Question 50

The condition where cells from the lining of the uterus grow in the abdominal cavity is called

A)ovarian blockage.
B)chorionic gonadotropin.
C)GIFT.
D)endometriosis.

Question 51

An "enjoined" abortion law means the law

A)encourages abortion.
B)discourages abortion.
C)is neutral on abortion.
D)is prohibited by the state court.

Question 52

Couples who cannot conceive

A)experience grief.
B)experience identity shock
C)must reconstruct their self-worth.
D)All of the above

Question 53

Which of the following methods is a natural family planning method?

A)cervical mucus method
B)vaginal sponge
C)birth control pills
D)tubal ligation

Question 54

In 2009, the second highest number of visas issued to orphans coming to the U.S. was granted to those from

A)Russia.
B)China.
C)Ethiopia.
D)South Korea.

Question 55

The drop in teenage pregnancies has largely been due to an increase in virginity pledges.

Question 56

Which of the following is a cause of low infertility in males?

A)low quality sperm
B)age
C)endometriosis
D)All of the above

Question 57

In 2009, 18% of all Americans say that abortion should be legal in all cases.

Question 58

Most women who are denied abortions give up their infants for adoption.

Question 59

Americans largely support a woman's choice to remain childless.

Question 60

What percentage of unwanted pregnancies is terminated by abortion each year in the U.S.?

A)25%
B)40%
C)52%
D)63%

Question 61

The costs of raising children include anxiety, stress, and fatigue.

Question 62

________ _________ is the depressive condition that many couples experience after adopting a child.

Question 63

Some spermicides have a chemical ingredient called nonoxynol-9 and combined in use with a condom is the best contraceptive method for sexually active people in non-monogamous relationships.

Question 64

To be ________ is to be voluntarily without children.

Question 65

A recent study found that children from homes where parents have been investigated for abuse or neglect actually fare better if they stay with their families rather than go to foster homes.

Question 66

Couples can now determine if they have certain infertility problems with a home screening test.

Question 67

In 2009, the U.S. birthrate was ________ births for every 1,000 people.

Question 68

Some sperm banks in the U.S. exclusively serve lesbians.

Question 69

The type of emergency contraception mentioned in this chapter is the ________ pill.

Question 70

Some women's bodies create an inhospitable environment to sperm, thus causing infertility.

Question 71

The cultural attitude that takes having children for granted is called the ________ ________.

Question 72

Transracial adoptions are illegal in the U.S.

Question 73

Endometriosis is a rare form of uterine cancer.

Question 74

The wages and investments that parents sacrifice by choosing to spend time with their children are called ________ _________.

Question 75

Even with advanced and assisted reproductive technology, women over the age of 60 cannot complete a pregnancy and give birth.

Question 76

A gamete is the mature sexual reproductive cell, an egg or sperm, that unites with another to form a new organism.

Question 77

Natural family planning methods include the ________ method, the ________ method, the ________ mucus method, and ________.

Question 78

Abandoned-baby laws are also called ________ ________ laws.

Question 79

Three methods that are not considered effective birth control are no ________, ________ ________, and ________.

Question 80

Key factors in the ability to postpone having children have been effective ________ ________, legal ________ and ________ technologies.