Deck 9: Encryption - The Foundation for the Virtual Private Network

Question 1

Rijndael is the block cipher algorithm behind what encryption standard?

A) AES
B) 3DES
C) DES
D) RSA

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Asymmetric encryption uses ____ separate keys for each message.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Historically, attempts to gain unauthorized access to secure communications have used brute force attacks.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

One of the most popular public key cryptosystems is a proprietary model named ____.

A) Triple DES
B) Rijndael
C) Rivest-Shamir-Aldeman (RSA)
D) certificate authority (CA)

Question 5

According to the computer insurance agency Safeware, Inc.(www.safeware.com), a laptop is stolen every ____.

A) second
B) 12 seconds
C) 5 minutes
D) 2 hours

Question 6

Pure asymmetric key encryption is widely used except in the area of certificates.

Question 7

The XOR cipher conversion subjects the bitstream to a Boolean XOR function against some other data stream typically a ____ stream "

A) data
B) cipher
C) plaintext
D) key

Question 8

Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) provides security for ____.

A) banking
B) HTTP
C) e-mail
D) FTP

Question 9

The ____ cipher rearranges the values within a block to create the ciphertext.

A) transposition
B) polyalphabetic substitution
C) Vernam
D) monoalphabetic substitution

Question 10

____ was developed by Netscape in 1994 to provide security for online electronic commerce transactions.

A) Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (SHTTP)
B) Secure Shell (SSH)
C) Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
D) Secure Electronic Transactions (SET)

Question 11

The reverse of the asymmetric encryption process yields ____.

A) digital signatures
B) certificate authorities
C) DES
D) a Rijndael round

Question 12

The replacement of one alphabet character with another from more than one alphabets is known as

A) polyalphabetic substitution
B) transposition cipher
C) Caesar cipher
D) monoaphabetic substitution

Question 13

____ was developed as an improvement to DES and uses as many as three keys in succession.

A) Triple DES
B) AES
C) Vernam
D) Rijndael

Question 14

Text that has been encrypted is called ____.

A) ciphertext
B) plaintext
C) cryptotext
D) cryptography

Question 15

The formula ____ represents the application of encryption (E) to a message (M) to create ciphertext (C)

A) E(C) = M
B) E(M) = C
C) E*C = M
D) M = E?C

Question 16

Firewalls have always performed encryption-related functions.

Question 17

____ is the process of deciphering the original message from an encrypted message without knowing the algorithms and keys used to perform the encryption.

A) Nonrepudiation
B) Cryptography
C) Cryptanalysis
D) Cryptology

Question 18

AES has been the federally approved standard for nonclassified data since 2002.

Question 19

The process of assuring that parties to a transaction are authentic, so that they cannot later deny having participated is called repudiation.

Question 20

MasterCard and VISA developed ____ in 1997.

A) Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (SHTTP)
B) Secure Shell (SSH)
C) Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
D) Secure Electronic Transactions (SET)

Question 21

What are three commonly used functions used by encryption algorithms?

Question 22

An attacker may obtain duplicate texts, one in ciphertext and one in plaintext, which enable the individual to reverse-engineer the encryption algorithm in a ____ attack.

A) man-in-the-middle
B) timing
C) known-plaintext
D) selected-plaintext

Question 23

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The transformation of the individual components (characters, bytes, or bits) of an unencrypted message into encrypted components.

Question 24

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The set of transformations necessary to convert an unencrypted message into an encrypted message.

Question 25

In ____________________ cipher conversion, the bit stream is subjected to a Boolean XOR function against some other data stream, typically a key stream.

Question 26

In e-commerce, some cryptographic tools can be used to assure that parties to the transaction are authentic, so that they cannot later deny having participated in a transaction, a feature often called ____________________.

Question 27

Session ____________________ are attacks involving a communication session that has already been established between a server and a client.

Question 28

PKI systems are based on public key cryptosystems and include digital certificates and certificate ____________________.

Question 29

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The amount of effort (usually expressed in units of time) required to perform cryptanalysis on an encoded message.

Question 30

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
To decrypt or convert ciphertext to plaintext.

Question 31

____ attacks can be successful when the ciphertext consists of relatively few characters.

A) Correlation
B) Man-in-the-middle
C) Dictionary
D) Timing

Question 32

____ attacks are collections of brute-force methods that attempt to deduce statistical relationships between the structure of the unknown key and the ciphertext that is the output of the cryptosystem.

A) Correlation
B) Man-in-the-middle
C) Dictionary
D) Timing

Question 33

Define encryption.

Question 34

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
To encrypt or convert plaintext to ciphertext.

Question 35

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The encrypted or encoded message resulting from an encryption.

Question 36

____ is a Kerberos service that generates and issues session keys.

A) IP Security (IPSec)
B) Kerberos Ticket Granting Service (TGS)
C) Key Distribution Center (KDC)
D) Authentication Server (AS)

Question 37

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The information used in conjunction with the algorithm to create the ciphertext from the plaintext.

Question 38

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The entire range of values that can possibly be used to construct an individual key.

Question 39

Match each item with a statement below.
a.cipher
b.keyspace
c.encipher
d.cryptosystem
e.ciphertext
f.work factor
g.decipher
h.algorithm
i.cryptovariable
The mathematical formula or method used to convert an unencrypted message into an encrypted message or vice versa.

Question 40

____ is the predominant cryptographic authentication and encryption protocol suite in use today.

A) Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (SHTTP)
B) Public key infrastructure (PKI)
C) Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM)
D) IP Security (IPSec)

Question 41

What is a timing attack?

Question 42

Describe some of the common protocols used to secure e-mail.

Question 43

Describe some of the challenges that organizations face when it comes to cryptographic controls.

Question 44

What is a Vernam cipher?

Question 45

What is a man-in-the-middle attack?

Question 46

Describe asymmetric encryption.

Question 47

What are common implementations of PKI?

Question 48

Describe symmetric encryption.What is the weakness of this type of encryption?