Deck 11: Adult Disorders of Language

Question 1

Which of the aphasias usually results in mutism?

A)Wernicke's aphasia
B)conduction aphasia
C)Broca's aphasia
D)global aphasia
E)transcortical aphasia

Answer 1

D
A patient with global aphasia has severe impairment of comprehension and expression of language,resulting in either mutism or repetitive vocalization.

Question 2

A patient with anomic aphasia:

A)displays difficulty comprehending language
B)usually has a focal brain lesion
C)generally cannot repeat phrases accurately
D)displays circumlocution and hesitations

Answer 2

D
Anomic aphasia is a common symptom of nonfocal brain disease,and patients with this disorder have difficulty in confrontation naming tasks.Circumlocution and hesitation caused by word-finding difficulties are common.

Question 3

___ is characteristic of conduction aphasia.

A)Excessive verbal output
B)Impaired comprehension
C)Impaired repetition
D)Normal skill in writing

Answer 3

C
Conduction aphasia is characterized by intact comprehension,but impaired repetition.Patients have more success with spoken conversation than with repeating language.

Question 4

Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs):

A)do not portend future strokes,because of their fleeting nature
B)are accompanied by symptoms that can last up to 24 hours
C)bear no resemblance to cerebrovascular accidents
D)usually bring symptoms that last over approximately 3 days

Question 5

The classification system for aphasia has resulted in confusion because:

A)many use personal preference,in spite of widespread agreement regarding aphasic symptoms
B)all classification schemes are based solely on the site of lesion,and ignore performance data
C)of personal needs by clinicians to name aphasias after themselves
D)many schemes are based on language performance,and these ignore the site of lesion

Question 6

Most strokes (CVAs)are the result of:

A)a buildup of platelets that fully occlude an artery
B)a hemorrhage
C)a buildup of cells or plaque that breaks off and becomes lodged in a distal artery
D)trauma to the head

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of logorrhea?

A)accurate syntax
B)jargon
C)longer than normal phrase length
D)excessive verbal output
E)use of jargon

Question 8

Echolalia is a common symptom of:

A)transcortical sensory aphasia
B)Wernicke's aphasia
C)mixed transcortical aphasia
D)conduction aphasia
E)transcortical motor aphasia

Question 9

The substitution of incorrect phonemes for correct phonemes is:

A)verbal paraphasia
B)semantic paraphasia
C)literal paraphasia
D)known as using neologisms
E)logorrhea

Question 10

Subcortical aphasia may result from lesions to which of the following structures?

A)hypothalamus
B)basal ganglia
C)hippocampus
D)brainstem

Question 11

Which of the following is most likely to be a congenital condition?

A)an arteriovenous malformation
B)a cerebral aneurysm
C)a neoplasm
D)hemorrhage

Question 12

___ is characterized by a difficulty in understanding syntactic relations,and a stronger ability to comprehend language than to produce it.

A)Subcortical aphasia
B)Anomic aphasia
C)Global aphasia
D)Transcortical aphasia
E)Broca's aphasia

Question 13

Symptoms of subcortical aphasias include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)paraphasia
B)dysarthria
C)difficulty writing
D)anomia
E)All of these are symptoms of subcortical aphasia.

Question 14

___ describes an aphasia characterized by hesitations,revisions,and silences in speech.

A)Anterior aphasia
B)Nonfluent aphasia
C)Posterior aphasia
D)Fluent aphasia

Question 15

A patient has poor comprehension but can accurately repeat what is heard.This patient likely has:

A)Wernicke's aphasia
B)conduction aphasia
C)transcortical aphasia
D)Broca's aphasia
E)global aphasia

Question 16

Wernicke's aphasia:

A)results from lesions in the posterior brain
B)results in motor weakness in the face
C)does not compromise language comprehension
D)usually does not impair language repetition
E)is a nonfluent aphasia

Question 17

Trauma to the brain most often results in:

A)aphasia
B)hemorrhage
C)aneurysm
D)emboli
E)arteriovenous malformation

Question 18

Aphasia would likely result from:

A)a blow to the head that breaks the skull
B)a diffuse abscess caused by a brain tumor
C)ischemia affecting the cerebellum
D)a cerebrovascular accident affecting the middle cerebral artery

Question 19

Effective treatment of aphasia:

A)is dependent upon the right mixture of pharmacological agents
B)can include traditional therapy in combination with drug treatments
C)can be achieved with seratonergics alone
D)precludes pharmacological agents

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding aphasia testing?

A)Cognitive testing by neurologists does not include a language component.
B)One goal of the SLP in aphasia testing is to confirm the site of the lesion.
C)The SLP can use aphasia testing as a guideline for treatment.
D)Aphasia tests have changed little since the time of Broca.

Question 21

Symptoms of aphasia include deficits in expressive and receptive language,but not in reading and writing.

Question 22

___ is a symptom of primary progressive aphasia.

A)Anomia
B)Fluent aphasia
C)Depressed mood
D)Dementia
E)Abnormal posture

Question 23

Anomia is a common symptom of aphasia.

Question 24

Benign tumors do not cause aphasia because these tumors usually do not grow and generally produce diffuse lesions.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of right hemisphere damage?

A)neglect
B)aprosodia
C)alexia
D)prosopagnosia
E)inattention

Question 26

There is a general consensus regarding the site of lesion in conduction aphasia.

Question 27

___ is a primary mechanism of injury in traumatic brain injury.

A)Edema
B)Increased intracranial pressure
C)Ischemia
D)Diffuse axonal injury
E)Hypoxia

Question 28

The suppression of stimuli from one side of the body is known as:

A)extinction
B)aprosodia
C)denial
D)anosognosia
E)prosopagnosia

Question 29

Damage to the right hemisphere produces deficits that are not language based,but can negatively affect language.

Question 30

Confabulation is a symptom of:

A)dementia of the Alzheimer's type
B)a confusional state
C)focal cortical dementia
D)subcortical dementia
E)primary progressive aphasia

Question 31

Diffuse deficits in traumatic brain injury can result in:

A)mutism
B)impaired problem solving
C)auditory perceptual dysfunction
D)palilalia
E)voice disorders

Question 32

___ characterizes alexia with agraphia.

A)Difficulty with short-term memory
B)Acalculia
C)Nonfluent aphasia
D)Anomia

Question 33

The defining symptom of prosopagnosia is the:

A)failure to recognize the environmental space around one side of the body
B)inability to vary the voice
C)lack of awareness of hemiplegia
D)inability to recognize familiar faces

Question 34

A patient with dementia of the Alzheimer's type is likely to:

A)be able to keep track of daily events
B)have neurofibrillary tangles in the nerve cells
C)have a stable affect throughout the progression of the disease
D)be well oriented in time and space
E)none of the above

Question 35

Which of the following describes the role of the speech-language pathologist in managing traumatic brain injury?

A)Help family members cope with the accompanying cognitive disorders.
B)Provide alternate communication methods.
C)Determine the extent of language impairment.
D)None of the above statements are true.

Question 36

___ is the inability to comprehend the written word as a result of a cerebral lesion.

A)Alexia
B)Dyslexia
C)Agraphia
D)Apraxia

Question 37

There is more agreement among clinicians about the features distinguishing different types of aphasia than about the terminology used to describe the syndromes.

Question 38

A patient who cannot read a message he or she has written likely has:

A)Gerstmann syndrome
B)acalculia
C)alexia without agraphia
D)agraphia
E)central alexia

Question 39

Transcortical aphasia can be classified as either fluent or nonfluent.

Question 40

While reading aloud,a patient reads "excitement" for "exciting." This type of error is characteristic of:

A)surface dyslexia
B)aphasic alexia
C)phonologic alexia
D)deep dyslexia