Deck 3: Basic Cryptography

Question 1

Encryption is the practice of transforming information so that it is secure and cannot be accessed by unauthorized parties.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

What is a block cipher algorithm that operates on 64-bit blocks and can have a key length from 32 to 448 bits?

A)Twofish
B)Blowfish
C)Whirlpool
D)Rijndal

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A collision attack is an attempt to find two input strings of a hash function that produce the same hash result.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Wireless data networks are particularly susceptible to known ciphertext attacks.

Question 5

GNU Privacy Guard a proprietary software that runs on different operating systems.

Question 6

The XOR cipher is based on the binary operation eXclusive OR that compares two bits.

Question 7

One of the first popular symmetric cryptography algorithms was RSA.

Question 8

The simplest type of stream cipher,one in which one letter or character is exchanged for another,is known as what?

A)shift
B)substitution
C)lock
D)loop

Question 9

In which type of encryption is the same key used to encrypt and decrypt data?

A)private
B)public
C)symmetric
D)asymmetric

Question 10

Asymmetric cryptographic algorithms are also known as private key cryptography.

Question 11

If using the MD5 hashing algorithm,what is the length to which each message is padded?

A)32 bits
B)64 bits
C)128 bits
D)512 bits

Question 12

Obfuscation is making something well known or clear.

Question 13

Which type of cryptographic algorithm takes an input string of any length,and returns a string of any requested variable length?

A)substitution
B)block
C)loop
D)sponge

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the functions of a digital signature?

A)verification of the sender
B)prevention of the sender from disowning the message
C)prove the integrity of the message
D)protect the public key

Question 15

Ciphertext is the scrambled and unreadable output of encryption.

Question 16

What type of cryptography uses two keys instead of just one,generating both a private and a public key?

A)symmetric
B)asymmetric
C)shared
D)open

Question 17

Which of the following asymmetric cryptography algorithms is most commonly used?

A)AES
B)RSA
C)Twofish
D)Blowfish

Question 18

Which standard was approved by NIST in late 2000 as a replacement for DES?

A)AES
B)3DES
C)RSA
D)Twofish

Question 19

In information technology,non-repudiation is the process of proving that a user performed an action.

Question 20

After the DES cipher was broken and no longer considered secure,what encryption algorithm was made as its successor?

A)AES
B)Twofish
C)3DES
D)RSA

Question 21

The SHA-1 hashing algorithm creates a digest that is how many bits in length?

A)96 bits
B)128 bits
C)160 bits
D)192 bits

Question 22

Which of the following is a public key system that generates random public keys that are different for each session?

A)ephemeral-secrecy
B)perfect forward secrecy
C)public secrecy
D)random-key exchange

Question 23

Data that is in an unencrypted form is referred to as which of the following?

A)crypttext
B)plain text
C)simpletext
D)cleartext

Question 24

Which key exchange requires Alice and Bob to each agree upon a large prime number and related integer?

A)Quantum Prime
B)Prime-Curve
C)Diffie-Hellman
D)Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman

Question 25

What type of cipher takes one character and replaces it with one character,working one character at a time?

A)block cipher
B)single cipher
C)unit cipher
D)stream cipher

Question 26

Which hash algorithm's primary design feature is two different and independent parallel chains of computation,the results of which are then combined at the end of the process?

A)SHA-384
B)HMAC
C)RIPEMD
D)MD5

Question 27

What type of message authentication code uses hashing to authenticate the sender by using both a hash function and a secret cryptographic key?

A)SHA-384
B)HMAC
C)RIPEMD
D)MD5

Question 28

What type of cryptographic algorithm creates a unique digital fingerprint of a set of data?

A)hash
B)key
C)digest
D)block

Question 29

In cryptography,which of the five basic protections ensures that the information is correct and no unauthorized person or malicious software has altered that data?

A)confidentiality
B)availability
C)encryption
D)integrity

Question 30

If Bob receives an encrypted reply message from Alice,whose private key is used to decrypt the received message?

A)Bob's private key.
B)Alice's private key.
C)Bob and Alice's keys.
D)Bob's private key and Alice's public key.

Question 31

What term best describes when cryptography is applied to entire disks instead of individual files or groups of files?

A)full disk encryption
B)system encryption
C)OS encryption
D)disk encryption

Question 32

What widely used commercial asymmetric cryptography software can be used for encrypting files and email messages?

A)PGP
B)GPG
C)EFS
D)GNUPG

Question 33

What term describes data actions being performed by endpoint devices,such as printing a report from a desktop computer?

A)data-in-transit
B)data-in-play
C)data-at-rest
D)data-in-use

Question 34

When Bob needs to send Alice a message with a digital signature,whose private key is used to encrypt the hash?

A)Bob's private key
B)Alice's private key
C)Bob and Alice's keys.
D)Bob's private key and Alice's public key.

Question 35

Which of the following are considered to be common asymmetric cryptographic algorithms? (Choose all that apply. )

A)Data Encryption Standard
B)Elliptic Curve Cryptography
C)Advanced Encryption Standard
D)Digital Signature Algorithm

Question 36

Which of the following is more secure than software encryption?

A)hardware encryption
B)private encryption
C)application encryption
D)full disk encryption

Question 37

What is the U.S.federal government standard for digital signatures?

A)Data Encryption Standard
B)Elliptic Curve Cryptography
C)Advanced Encryption Standard
D)Digital Signature Algorithm

Question 38

What alternative term can be used to describe asymmetric cryptographic algorithms?

A)user key cryptography
B)public key cryptography
C)private key cryptography
D)cipher-text cryptography

Question 39

What cryptographic method,first proposed in the mid-1980s,makes use of sloping curves instead of large prime numbers?

A)FCC
B)RSA
C)ECC
D)IKE

Question 40

What technology uses a chip on the motherboard of the computer to provide cryptographic services?

A)SEDs
B)FDE
C)TPM
D)HSM

Question 41

What characteristics are needed to consider a hashing algorithm secure?

Question 42

What is the difference between a stream cipher and a block cipher?

Question 43

What four basic protections can cryptography support?

Question 44

What is the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)?

Question 45

What is Elliptic curve cryptography?

Question 46

How does a downgrade attack work?

Question 47

How does asymmetric encryption work?

Question 48

What is meant by the phrase "security through obscurity," and why is this concept not accurate?

Question 49

What is a pseudorandom number generator?

Question 50

Explain how a hash algorithm works and how it is primarily used.