Deck 9: Delivery of Laboratory Testing From Point of Care to Total Automation

Question 1

LIS can be applied to:

A) specimen processing.
B) inventory control.
C) data entry on patients' charts.
D) all of the above.

Answer 1

all of the above.

Question 2

Human chorionic gonadotropin (b-hCG)found in a woman's urine specimen is secreted by a fertilized egg,____ hours after implantation.

A) 24
B) 24-48
C) 48-72
D) more than 72

Answer 2

48-72

Question 3

The major benefits of laboratory automation include all of the following except:

A) reduction of medical errors.
B) improved safety for laboratory staff.
C) longer turnaround time of results.
D) more reliable results.

Answer 3

longer turnaround time of results.

Question 4

The value of the fecal occult blood test is that it could determine the cause of or aid in detecting:

A) hypochromic anemia.
B) ulcerative disease.
C) neoplastic diseases.
D) all of the above.

Question 5

Important characteristics of point-of-care testing (POCT)instruments include:

A) rapid turnaround time.
B) easy portability with single-use disposable reagent cartridges or test strips.
C) easy-to-perform protocol with one or two steps.
D) all of the above.

Question 6

The specimen of choice for b-hCG testing is:

A) serum.
B) urine.
C) cerebrospinal fluid.
D) saliva.

Question 7

A false-negative fecal occult blood can be caused by:

A) beets and carrots.
B) chicken.
C) multivitamins.
D) vitamin C.

Question 8

Fecal occult blood testing tests for:

A) whole blood in the stool.
B) hemoglobin in fecal specimens.
C) presence of inflammation causing bleeding.
D) presence of infection.

Question 9

Leukocytes can be differentiated by:

A) automated three-part differential.
B) automated five-cell differential.
C) digital imaging.
D) all of the above.

Question 10

Which of the following is the sequence of major steps in automated analysis that mimic manual techniques?

A) Specimen collection and processing, specimen and reagent measurement and delivery, chemical reaction phase, measurement phase, and signal processing and data handling
B) Specimen and reagent measurement and delivery, specimen collection and processing, chemical reaction phase, measurement phase, and signal processing and data handling
C) Specimen collection and processing, specimen and reagent measurement and delivery, signal processing and data handling, chemical reaction phase, and measurement phase
D) Signal processing and data handling, specimen collection and processing, specimen and reagent measurement and delivery, chemical reaction phase, and measurement phase

Question 11

Computer hardware for an LIS system includes:

A) central processing unit (CPU).
B) random access memory (RAM).
C) an operating system.
D) both a and b.

Question 12

General functions of an LIS can include:

A) bar code reading of specimens.
B) selection of tests from a test menu.
C) reporting of test results.
D) all of the above.

Question 13

Handheld automated equipment has been developed for many applications,including blood coagulation and blood gases.Other measurements include:

A) electrolytes
B) urea
C) glucose
D) all of the above

Question 14

The American Cancer Society recommends that ____ fecal specimen(s)from ____ consecutive specimen(s)be collected for colorectal screening.

A) 1; 1
B) 2; 3
C) 3; 3
D) 4; 4

Question 15

A laboratory test that is not performed in a traditional laboratory is called a ____ test.

A) provider-performed microscopy
B) waived
C) moderately complex
D) highly complex

Question 16

The three most highly automated areas of the clinical laboratory are:

A) microbiology, urinalysis, and hematology.
B) clinical chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis.
C) clinical chemistry, microbiology, and blood banking.
D) immunology, microbiology, and hematology.

Question 17

False-positive fecal occult blood results can be caused by ingestion of:

A) red meat.
B) horseradish.
C) apples and oranges.
D) both a and b.

Question 18

If urine is used for pregnancy testing,it should be:

A) first morning.
B) random.
C) 24-hour.
D) sterile.

Question 19

An advantage of a 2D bar code is that it is:

A) omnidirectionally scannable.
B) readable upside down.
C) readable backward, forward, or diagonally.
D) all of the above.

Question 20

Computer interfaces are important to the laboratory for all of the following reasons except:

A) transmission of tests results is faster.
B) accuracy of analytical testing is improved.
C) transposition of numbers errors are eliminated.
D) charting of patient results can be direct.

Question 21

MATCHING
Match the following categories of POCT with the appropriate characteristic.
moderately complex

A)slide examinations of freshly collected body fluids
B)simple procedures with little chance of negative outcomes if performed inaccurately
C)usually nonautomated, requiring considerable judgment
D)more complex than waived, usually automated

Question 22

Systems for automated or semiautomated urinalysis chemical testing systems use:

A) visual reading.
B) reflectance photometers.
C) flow-cell analysis.
D) any of the above.

Question 23

The amplification of low levels of specific DNA sequences to higher quantities suitable for further analysis is accomplished by:

A) polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
B) Southern blot.
C) Western blot.
D) microarrays.

Question 24

MATCHING
Match the following categories of POCT with the appropriate characteristic.
waived

A)slide examinations of freshly collected body fluids
B)simple procedures with little chance of negative outcomes if performed inaccurately
C)usually nonautomated, requiring considerable judgment
D)more complex than waived, usually automated

Question 25

MATCHING
Match the following categories of POCT with the appropriate characteristic.
provider-performed microscopy (PPM)

A)slide examinations of freshly collected body fluids
B)simple procedures with little chance of negative outcomes if performed inaccurately
C)usually nonautomated, requiring considerable judgment
D)more complex than waived, usually automated

Question 26

MATCHING
Match the following categories of POCT with the appropriate characteristic.
highly complex

A)slide examinations of freshly collected body fluids
B)simple procedures with little chance of negative outcomes if performed inaccurately
C)usually nonautomated, requiring considerable judgment
D)more complex than waived, usually automated