Deck 4: An Introduction to Alcohol: Mans Oldest Recreational Chemical

Question 1

Which of the following is a good summary of the Mellanby effect, according to your text?

A)A person feels more intoxicated when the alcohol levels are falling, after the neurons have been affected by the alcohol molecules.
B)A person feels more intoxicated as the blood alcohol level is rising
C)The alcohol ingested causes the body to become stimulated.
D)The alcohol ingested causes the release of opioid peptides in the peripheral regions of the body.

Answer 1

A person feels more intoxicated as the blood alcohol level is rising

Question 2

According to your text, many historians believe

A)alcohol was the cause of the Protestant reformation in Europe.
B)alcohol was one reason for the expansion of the Roman empire.
C)alcohol has been an important factor in lubricating social interactions throughout different eras.
D)the brewing of alcohol resulted in the widespread application of the new science of biochemistry that emerged during the mid-13th century.

Answer 2

alcohol has been an important factor in lubricating social interactions throughout different eras.

Question 3

In the United States, wine usually has an alcohol content of between %, though light wines have appreciable lower alcohol levels.

A)10 and 25
B)22 and 40
C)8 and 17
D)3 and 8

Answer 3

8 and 17

Question 4

Laura is at a bar with some friends, and has had a couple of drinks.She sees her anthropology professor across the bar, and decides it would be a good idea to walk up to him and tell him how cute he is.Laura's poor decision-making may be a result of the effect of alcohol.

A)disinhibition
B)1synnergistic
C)cross-tolerance
D)social learning

Question 5

The sense of euphoria and well-being that many drinkers report is the result of

A)the release of opioid peptides in the peripheral regions of the body, which eventually reach the brain's pleasure center and accounts for alcohol's slow onset of action.
B)alcohol's ability to stimulate the release of alcohol dehydrogenase in the stomach.
C)alcohol's ability to stimulate the brain's reward system.
D)the release of glucose by the liver, directly causing the reward cascade in the brain.

Question 6

One major consequence of distillation is

A)many of the vitamins and minerals found in the original wine are lost.
B)you cannot achieve an alcohol level higher than 30 %.
C)the flavor is enhanced, but only for products made from certain species of grapes.
D)it is necessary to warm the resulting fluid to body temperature to serve it.

Question 7

According to your text, all of the following are methods by which alcohol has been introduced into the body EXCEPT

A)orally.
B)transdermal administration.
C)rectally.
D)intravenously.

Question 8

As a general rule, the can biotransform alcohol at the rate of one 12-ounce can of beer, four ounces of wine, or one standard mixed drink per hour.

A)duodenum
B)pancreas
C)liver
D)glutamate

Question 9

There are no significant long-term neurocognitive effects from alcohol because

A)it improves blood flow to the cortex of the brain.
B)it decreases endorphin release in the cortex of the brain.
C)it improves blood oxygenation levels and stimulates the production of free radicals in the brain.
D)none of these are correct.

Question 10

All of the following are end products of the alcohol biotransformation process EXCEPT

A)aldehyde dehydrogenase.
B)fatty acids.
C)carbon dioxide.
D)water.

Question 11

Which of the following drugs are dangerous to mix with alcohol?

A)Antihistamines
B)Benzodiazepines
C)Anticoagulant medications
D)All of these answers are correct

Question 12

A friend of yours is a rare drinker, perhaps drinking one or two mixed drinks a month when out for dinner.You know this will

A)increase that person's risk of a stroke.
B)improve muscle coordination as the alcohol removes doubts and inhibitions.
C)improve respiration, allowing more oxygenated blood to reach the muscles and brain.
D)improve visual peripheral field perception, allowing the person to see and then anticipate tactics used by defensive players.

Question 13

According to your text, which of the following individuals would you normally expect to have the lowest blood alcohol level?

A)A 160-pound man who consumed 14 standard drinks over a 3 hour span of time
B)A 160-pound man who consumed 8 stand drinks over a 3 hour span of time
C)A 160-pound man who consumed 4 standard drinks over a 3 hour span of time.
D)A 180-pound man who consumed 16 standard drinks over a 3 hour span of time.

Question 14

Currently, scientists believe that alcohol is a "dirty" compound.This means

A)it shows a preference for a specific receptor site.
B)it decreases the effects of GABA.
C)it gets contaminated during the fermentation process.
D)it alters the action of various neurotransmitters and interferes with the action of messenger molecules within the neuron itself.

Question 15

In general, peak blood alcohol levels after the ingestion of single alcoholic drink are achieved in minutes.

A)5-10
B)15-25
C)30-60
D)70-90

Question 16

The disinhibition effect induced by alcohol is caused by its effects on the activity of the region of the drinker's brain that is associated with inhibition of certain behaviors.

A)hippocampus
B)reticular activating system (RAS)
C)cortex
D)occipital

Question 17

The first step in the biotransformation occurs when the stomach produces an enzyme called .This production is hindered when the individual takes aspirin.

A)alcohol dehydrogenase
B)aldehyde dehydrogenase
C)alcohol detranscriptase
D)aldehyde detranscriptase

Question 18

Jamal will have an occasional glass of wine with dinner, does not require daily use of alcohol to function, has never had any negative consequences due to his drinking, and does not use alcohol for continuous periods of time.Jamal would most likely be considered

A)someone with an alcohol addiction.
B)someone with an alcohol abuse problem.
C)a binge drinker.
D)a rare or social drinker.

Question 19

As a physician on duty in the emergency room, you could expect

A)alcohol ingestion would make drinkers so relaxed that they would suffer fewer head injuries than nondrinkers in similar automobile accidents.
B)about half of the patients you see who have a traumatic injury will have been drinking immediately prior to the incident.
C)improved survival rates for drinkers, who would be more likely to be thrown from a vehicle during an accident.
D)no relationship between the individual's alcohol use status and his or her having suffered a traumatic injury of some kind.

Question 20

Although controversial, the earliest written record of wine-making is found in and dates back over 18,000 years.

A)Sumeria
B)Rome
C)Egypt
D)Greece

Question 21

The most popular alcohol-containing beverage in the United States is

A)beer.
B)wine.
C)whiskey.
D)rum.

Question 22

Prohibition in the United States could be described as a social experiment.

A)failed
B)successful
C)primitive
D)neutral

Question 23

Explain what is meant when alcohol is described as a "dirty" compound.

Question 24

Describe the rates of alcohol use in the world today, citing several statistics that provide information about the scope of this issue.

Question 25

Historical evidence suggests that the process of distillation emerged

A)in 800 A.D.
B)in 8,000 B.C.E.
C)800 years ago.
D)1,800 years ago.

Question 26

What are some of the reasons why people consume alcohol, according to the text?

Question 27

Distinguish between the two primary categories of alcohol-related disorders that are relevant to this chapter.

Question 28

What are some of the factors that may affect the blood alcohol level (BAL)?

Question 29

Evidence suggests that beer made from ingredients other than fermented honey might date back to

A)3,000 B.C.E.
B)5,000 B.C.E.
C)7,000 B.C.E.
D)9,000 B.C.E.

Question 30

According to your text, the alcohol-related "hangover"

A)is sufficient to cause the drinker's death.
B)is self-limiting for those drinkers who ingested less than 8 cans of beer or mixed drinks.
C)can be avoided if the drinker ingests food prior to drinking.
D)is generally self-limiting, although very unpleasant.