Deck 20: Focus On: Reducing Risks for Chronic Diseases and Conditions

Question 1

The three major types of headaches include all of the following EXCEPT

A)cluster headaches.
B)sinus headaches.
C)migraine headaches.
D)tension headaches.

Answer 1

sinus headaches.

Question 2

Emphysema may be categorized as a(n)

A)allergy.
B)autoimmune disease.
C)chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
D)secondary breathing disorder.

Answer 2

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Question 3

Two lung conditions referred to as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)are

A)chronic bronchitis and asthma.
B)asthma and emphysema.
C)chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
D)acute bronchitis and smoker's cough.

Answer 3

chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Question 4

A hypersensitivity reaction in which the body produces antibodies to a normally harmless substance is a(n)

A)allergy.
B)intolerance.
C)overexposure.
D)chronic condition.

Question 5

You have a tension headache.Possible causes include all the following EXCEPT

A)muscle contractions in your head and neck from sitting at your desk.
B)an allergic reaction to milk in the ice cream you ate last night.
C)muscle spasms from chewing gum for hours while studying.
D)drinking red wine and not getting enough sleep.

Question 6

A hypersensitivity to ragweed in bloom results in

A)influenza.
B)hay fever.
C)asthma.
D)seasonal respiratory syndrome.

Question 7

Chen has the most common type of asthma,which is

A)extrinsic (allergic)asthma.
B)intrinsic (nonallergic)asthma.
C)aspirin-induced asthma.
D)stress-induced asthma.

Question 8

You suffer from hay fever.The BEST over-the-counter medication to treat your symptoms consists of

A)antihistamines.
B)aspirin.
C)antacids.
D)analgesics.

Question 9

Symptoms of asthma include all of the following EXCEPT

A)wheezing.
B)coughing.
C)heart palpitations.
D)shortness of breath.

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE about emphysema?

A)It is a "man's disease."
B)It is most common in people under age 45.
C)The number of affected women is decreasing.
D)Those affected tend to have a barrel-shaped chest.

Question 11

An allergic reaction can trigger the release of which substance that produces allergy symptoms?

A)epinephrine
B)antibodies
C)antihistamine
D)histamine

Question 12

Emphysema is an irreversible respiratory disease in which

A)the alveoli are destroyed.
B)excess mucus is produced.
C)the lungs become more elastic.
D)there is inflammation and constriction of the bronchial tubes.

Question 13

Which of the following conditions involves inflammation and eventual scarring of the lining of the bronchial tubes?

A)pneumonia
B)asthma
C)emphysema
D)bronchitis

Question 14

The most common type of headache is the

A)cluster headache.
B)sinus headache.
C)migraine headache.
D)tension headache.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE concerning asthma?

A)It is not influenced by genetics or family history.
B)It is the most common chronic illness in adults over age 35.
C)It has increased in prevalence over the last 20 years.
D)It is essentially hay fever affecting the lungs.

Question 16

An allergic response begins with exposure to a(n)

A)antigen.
B)antibody.
C)toxin.
D)pathogen.

Question 17

The disease characterized by inflammation of airways that causes spasms and blocks air flow is

A)epilepsy.
B)bronchitis.
C)emphysema.
D)asthma.

Question 18

Asthma is categorized as

A)a chronic,progressive,and irreversible disorder.
B)a serious but not potentially fatal disorder.
C)a chronic inflammatory disorder.
D)a form of COPD.

Question 19

Risk factors for COPD include all of the following EXCEPT

A)smoking.
B)eating disorders.
C)history of asthma.
D)exposure to air pollution.

Question 20

The major risk factor for chronic bronchitis is

A)a history of allergies.
B)a family history of lung disease.
C)cigarette smoking.
D)dust and pollen in the air.

Question 21

Carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the most common

A)repetitive motion disorders.
B)gastrointestinal disorders.
C)types of back injury.
D)types of arthritis.

Question 22

The vast majority of all back problems occur in the

A)sacral spine.
B)lumbar spine.
C)thoracic spine.
D)cervical spine.

Question 23

Research suggests that migraines may be triggered as a result of

A)vascular abnormalities in the brain as a result of viral infection or physical trauma.
B)neurological abnormalities due to genetic mutation of a single gene.
C)possibly genetic biochemical and inflammatory processes within the brain.
D)a combination of physiological and psychological factors.

Question 24

What percentage of Americans with low back pain become permanently disabled?

A)about 2 percent
B)about 5 percent
C)about 12 percent
D)about 20 percent

Question 25

Irritable bowel syndrome

A)is a disorder characterized by gut hypersensitivity to gluten.
B)can cause either constipation or diarrhea.
C)affects twice as many men as women.
D)presents characteristic symptoms that make it easy to diagnose.

Question 26

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)is a(n)

A)condition of improper bowel function.
B)bowel disorder caused by bacteria.
C)bowel disorder caused by a virus.
D)inflammatory bowel disease.

Question 27

Adelaide was rushed into surgery after a scan revealed perforation of her small intestine and internal bleeding.Her diagnosis is most likely

A)Crohn's disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)irritable bowel syndrome.
D)chronic gastrointestinal distress.

Question 28

Once a month Jason experiences a headache that is severe,lasts 6-8 hours,and is accompanied by vomiting and extreme sensitivity to light.He most likely has which type of headache?

A)tension
B)migraine
C)cluster
D)sinus

Question 29

You fell asleep at your desk after studying for more than 4 hours.You suddenly wake up,are sweating,and have a stabbing pain behind your left eye.You are probably experiencing

A)a cluster headache.
B)a migraine headache.
C)post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
D)a tension headache.

Question 30

You can reduce the risk of lower back pain by

A)exercising regularly.
B)sleeping on your stomach.
C)wearing high-heeled shoes.
D)bending from the waist when lifting heavy objects.

Question 31

What percentage of Americans will experience low back pain at some point in their life?

A)around 25 percent
B)around 45 percent
C)around 65 percent
D)around 85 percent

Question 32

A lung disease is any disorder in which lung function is impaired.

Question 33

Joshua has a disease in which the walls of his large intestine have become painfully inflamed.His diagnosis is

A)Crohn's disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)irritable bowel syndrome.
D)chronic intestinal disease.

Question 34

Ulcerative colitis

A)is much more common in women than men.
B)often arises for the first time after age 50.
C)is also known as Crohn's disease.
D)increases the risk for colon cancer.

Question 35

All of the following are considered repetitive motion disorders EXCEPT

A)bursitis.
B)tendonitis.
C)arthritis.
D)ganglion cysts.

Question 36

Kari has an inflammatory disease of her small intestine that causes her to experience cramping,joint pain,and diarrhea.Her diagnosis is

A)Crohn's disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)irritable bowel syndrome.
D)chronic intestinal disease.

Question 37

In about one-third of cases,a sensory warning sign precedes a migraine.This warning sign is called a(n)

A)prelude.
B)halo.
C)indicator.
D)aura.

Question 38

Experts suspect that ulcerative colitis may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT

A)genetic factors.
B)food-borne illness.
C)allergy in the GI tract.
D)irritable bowel syndrome.

Question 39

Kendra is a computer animation major and spends several hours every day creating images on a computer screen.Now a junior,she has begun to notice persistent tingling in her hands and fingers and pain moving her wrists.Kendra probably has

A)ganglion cysts.
B)carpal tunnel syndrome.
C)frozen shoulder.
D)Raynaud's syndrome.

Question 40

Omar is experiencing IBS.Doctors consider all of the following to be possible triggers for his problem EXCEPT

A)stress and depression.
B)changes in hormone levels.
C)disruptions in signaling between the brain and the gut.
D)a sedentary lifestyle.

Question 41

Emphysema involves difficulty fully exhaling stale air from the lungs.

Question 42

Intrinsic asthma may be triggered by anything EXCEPT an allergy.

Question 43

Hay fever is usually considered a seasonal disorder.

Question 44

Migraines are the most common type of headache.

Question 45

COPD includes all obstructive lung diseases,including asthma.

Question 46

Ulcerative colitis may cause loose or bloody stools.

Question 47

In irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),there is structural damage to the nerves serving the large intestine.

Question 48

Asthma is the most common chronic illness in children.

Question 49

Another term for hay fever is allergic rhinitis.

Question 50

Lung function can be damaged by a single exposure to a toxic chemical or severe heat.

Question 51

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)is an inflammatory bowel disease.

Question 52

Essential oils are an eco-friendly alternative to commercial air fresheners.

Question 53

Genetics may play a role in asthma development.

Question 54

Allergies to ragweed result from an underactive immune system response.

Question 55

Certain medications can trigger an episode of asthma.

Question 56

Asthma is an allergic reaction to specific types of pollen.

Question 57

Histamine production can cause increased production of mucus in the airways.

Question 58

The pain of cluster headaches is more localized than that of tension headaches.

Question 59

Humidifying the air in your bedroom can help with asthma.

Question 60

Headaches are usually indicators of a serious medical condition.

Question 61

Explain carpal tunnel syndrome and its most common causes.

Question 62

Explain why weight loss is recommended for people with osteoarthritis who are overweight or obese.

Question 63

Explain how an allergy affects the body.

Question 64

Discuss five strategies to protect yourself from back pain and injury.

Question 65

Carrying a heavy backpack on one shoulder may increase the risk of low back pain.

Question 66

The majority of people with arthritis are over age 65.

Question 67

There is little that can be done to reduce the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Question 68

Explain what happens in the body during an asthma attack.

Question 69

You share an apartment with someone who is asthmatic.List and discuss at least four things you can do at home to help prevent asthma attacks.

Question 70

Nearly one-quarter of all Americans have arthritis.