Deck 6: Children With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Question 1

Phenylketonuria is a(n)

A)inborn error of metabolism.
B)another term for Down syndrome.
C)a chromosome abnormality.
D)a drug used to treat metabolic disorders.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

An example of a Tier II activity to improve social skills in children with IDD is

A)a special educator doing a role-play activity in a class for children with IDD.
B)a small group instruction in social skills with the children with IDD and children from a regular classroom.
C)a regular class discussion in the regular classroom.
D)IEP goals in the special education classroom.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The most obvious characteristic of children who are mildly or moderately intellectually disabled is limited

A)cognitive ability.
B)motor ability.
C)verbal ability.
D)emotional ability.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Heavy drinking by mothers during pregnancy has been found to

A)cause fetal alcohol syndrome, resulting in the death of the mother.
B)be a possible cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities in children.
C)increase the intellectual efficiency of the children.
D)be a cause of epilepsy in children.

Question 5

Which statement is true when comparing language development between children with Down Syndrome and children with Williams syndrome?

A)Children with Down syndrome have more advanced language.
B)Children with Williams Syndrome have more advanced language.
C)The language development is about equal in the two syndromes.
D)The language differences are not measurable.

Question 6

Research studies have shown that early childhood intervention for social skills instruction for children at risk for intellectual and developmental disabilities

A)can lead to counterproductive changes in the child's development.
B)can lead to modest but meaningful changes in the child's development.
C)can lead to dramatic positive changes in the child's development.
D)do not lead to changes in the child's development.

Question 7

_________ developed one of the earliest tests of intelligence.

A)Alfred Binet
B)Alfred North Whitehead
C)Edward L.Thorndike
D)Maria Montessori

Question 8

Executive function is a key factor in the poor performance of children with IDD because

A)they do not have sufficient language development.
B)they cannot pay attention to the relevant aspects of the stimulus.
C)they do not have sufficient motor skills.
D)they don't have the correct sensory input.

Question 9

Self-sufficiency in the community, the ability to interact with others, and the ability to maintain employment are assessed by means of

A)achievement tests.
B)intelligence tests.
C)criterion-referenced tests.
D)adaptive behavior scales.

Question 10

A child with IDD that is receiving special instruction in a special education setting would be at which Tier of the RTI model?

A)Tier I
B)Tier II
C)Tier III
D)This child would not be served within the RTI framework.

Question 11

The definition of IDD requires that there be limitations in

A)intellectual functioning.
B)perceptual-motor skills.
C)adaptive skills.
D)intellectual functioning and adaptive skills.

Question 12

Although his or her original work was with children with intellectual and developmental disabilities, it is now widely applied to the teaching of young normal children.This researcher was

A)Itard.
B)Sequin.
C)Montessori.
D)Kirk.

Question 13

The degree to which individuals meet the standards of personal independence and social responsibility expected of their age and cultural group is an indication of their

A)adaptive behavior.
B)intelligence quotient.
C)physical maturity.
D)moral development.

Question 14

Learned helplessness leads to

A)poor "rehearsal" skills.
B)quitting before trying a task.
C)a state of well-being.
D)improved intellectual functioning.

Question 15

Memory, association and classification of information, and reasoning and making judgments are assessed by means of

A)achievement tests.
B)adaptive behavior scales.
C)intelligence tests.
D)criterion referenced tests.

Question 16

Down syndrome is related to maternal age, with the incidence increasing significantly in children who are born to mothers

A)15 years of age or younger.
B)20 years of age or younger.
C)30 years of age or older.
D)35 years of age or older.

Question 17

Central processing, one of three major components of information processing, is best described as the

A)auditory perception of a stimulus.
B)visual perception of a stimulus.
C)classification of a stimulus.
D)choice of a single response from among many possible responses.

Question 18

A reason that children with IDD have difficulty in social situations is

A)a result of short-term memory deficiency.
B)a failure to correctly identify social cues.
C)a deficiency in perceptual-motor activities.
D)unwillingness to respond to adults.

Question 19

An application of technology that can help a student to increase his or her understanding of the vocabulary used in a classroom is called

A)assistive instruction.
B)instructional technology.
C)hypertext software.
D)adaptive instruction.

Question 20

Positive Behavior Supports

A)focus on human motivation, not just human behavior.
B)focus on the most positive consequence for the behavior.
C)stress structure and discipline.
D)focus on the behavior and not the circumstances surrounding the behavior.

Question 21

Research on whether just changes in the learning environment make a difference in the level of academic achievement in children with mild and moderate intellectual and developmental disabilities suggests that

A)the learning environment, alone, does not make a striking difference.
B)the learning environment greatly influences the level of academic achievement.
C)the learning environment affects cognitive development but not adaptive behavior.
D)the learning environment affects adaptive behavior but not cognitive development.

Question 22

In reciprocal teaching

A)the teacher models the behavior to be learned.
B)uses direct instruction.
C)waits for a student to respond.
D)students take turns leading or teaching.

Question 23

Rubella

A)is an infection that will not affect a developing fetus.
B)is a type of prenatal test.
C)is a disease that may cause IDD and other serious birth defects.
D)is a form of encephalitis.

Question 24

The teaching strategy in which the teacher models the desired behavior, guides early learning, and then gradually withdraws support as the student's skill increases is called

A)scaffolding.
B)operant conditioning.
C)reciprocal teaching.
D)direct instruction.

Question 25

Reciprocal teaching includes

A)teachers and students taking turns leading a discussion.
B)four activities: questioning, clarifying, summarizing, and predicting.
C)the teacher modeling the appropriate solution to an activity and student imitating the teacher.
D)All of these.

Question 26

A system used with children with IDD to present the information to be learned in the most accommodating style for the individual student's needs is called

A)structured teaching.
B)universal design for learning.
C)cooperative learning.
D)reciprocal teaching.

Question 27

How is language development for children with IDD different from same age peers?

A)There is a rate difference and a qualitative difference.
B)There is a qualitative difference but no rate difference.
C)It is sparser, but the content difference is negligible.
D)It is not substantially different.

Question 28

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities attributed to organic injury

A)have stronger language skills.
B)are more homogeneous.
C)have less severe perceptual motor problems.
D)tend to have more serious developmental delays.

Question 29

_____________ provides the means for presenting content in an alternative approach.

A)Instructional technology
B)Task analysis
C)Assistive technology
D)Computer technology

Question 30

_________ is an example of Teratogen.

A)Alcohol
B)Task Analysis
C)Scaffolding
D)Medications

Question 31

The existence of three copies of chromosome 21 is characteristic of

A)Turner's syndrome.
B)Down syndrome.
C)PKU.
D)Tay-Sachs disease.

Question 32

The following syndrome is now recognized as a leading cause of inherited intellectual and developmental disabilities:

A)Tay-Sachs disease.
B)Down syndrome.
C)Turner's syndrome.
D)Fragile X syndrome.

Question 33

In most school situations, students with mild intellectual and developmental disabilities are initially identified by the

A)school counselor.
B)principal.
C)school psychologist.
D)teacher.

Question 34

At the secondary level, the major focus of learning for students with IDD should be to develop

A)more detailed knowledge in each content area.
B)greater social awareness.
C)greater depth in one or two subject areas.
D)prevocational and work skills.

Question 35

How can socialization skills best be taught to children with IDD?

A)Directly in the settings in which they occur
B)Generally, so children will be able to transfer them from one setting to another
C)Through constant drill and role-playing
D)Through occasional drill

Question 36

Moderate IDD indicates development at _____________ of the normal rate of development.

A)three-fourths
B)one-half
C)one fourth
D)one-third

Question 37

The provision of child care services for parents of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities is called

A)circle of friends.
B)parent to parent.
C)support facilitation.
D)respite care.

Question 38

Adaptive Behavior Scales measure which of the following three categories?

A)Social skills, behavioral skills, and academic skills
B)Conceptual skills, social skills, and occupational skills
C)Behavioral skills, cognitive skills, and pre-vocational skills
D)Occupational skills, behavioral skills and academic skills

Question 39

David Wechsler developed _____________ that are widely used to assess IDD.

A)individual tests of intelligence
B)group tests of intelligence
C)adaptive behavior scales
D)achievement tests

Question 40

RTI is an effective model to increase academic performance with children with IDD.The model is divided into __________ tiers.

A)2
B)3
C)5
D)10

Question 41

The existence of 47 rather than the typical 46 chromosomes is characteristic of

A)Turner's syndrome.
B)PKU.
C)Tay-Sachs disease.
D)Down syndrome.

Question 42

An example of a network system for parents with children with IDD is

A)Parent to Parent USA.
B)CEC.
C)PBS.
D)RTI.

Question 43

Differentiated instruction means

A)adjusting the level of difficulty of tasks to fit the average student in the classroom.
B)utilizing the same topic in presenting a lesson in math, reading, science and social studies.
C)adjusting the level of difficulty of tasks to fit the level of development of the child.
D)allowing the student with IDD to do a different task while being in the regular classroom.

Question 44

________ is an application of technology that is used in a classroom to increase a student's understanding of vocabulary

A)CD-RO
B)Scaffolding software
C)Adaptive instruction
D)Hypertext software

Question 45

A combination of lack of experience and limited genetic potential is hypothesized to be the cause of

A)familial retardation.
B)organic injury retardation.
C)severe intellectual and developmental disabilities.
D)autism.

Question 46

Approximately what percentage of adults with IDD are competitively employed?

A)20 percent
B)40 percent
C)60 percent
D)70 percent

Question 47

The commitment to high standards in the educational reform movement

A)will help students with intellectual and developmental disabilities perform better in school.
B)is problematic for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities because they have difficulty with high-level conceptual material.
C)has caused regional districts to refuse to test students with intellectual and developmental disabilities.
D)does not apply to students with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Question 48

Which of the following has been found to be most effective in enhancing appropriate social competence?

A)Task analysis
B)Positive Behavior Supports
C)Listing social expectations
D)Prevocational social contracts

Question 49

Research on whether the type of learning environment makes a difference in the level of academic achievement in children with mild and moderate IDD suggests that

A)the learning environment greatly influences the level of academic achievement.
B)the learning environment, by itself, does not make a striking difference.
C)the learning environment affects cognitive development but not adaptive behavior.
D)the learning environment affects adaptive behavior but not cognitive development.

Question 50

In order to be considered to have intellectual and developmental disabilities, an individual must have significant limitations in

A)only intellectual ability.
B)only adaptive skills.
C)only academic achievement.
D)both intellectual ability and adaptive skills.

Question 51

At the secondary level, the major focus of learning for IDD students should be to develop

A)greater social awareness.
B)more detailed knowledge in each content area
C)prevocational and work skills.
D)greater depth in one or two subject areas.

Question 52

The shift in diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disability has been from strictly a measurement of cognitive abilities to

A)measurement of adaptive behaviors.
B)a mix of cognitive abilities and adaptive behaviors.
C)a mix of cognitive abilities and social behaviors.
D)measurement of language skills.

Question 53

Adjusting the level of difficulty of a task to fit the developmental level of a child with IDD is

A)differentiated instruction.
B)positive behavior supports.
C)hypertext.
D)cooperative learning.

Question 54

Presenting information to be learned in the style most accommodating to the individual student's needs is called

A)assistive technology.
B)universal design for learning.
C)instructional technology.
D)cooperative learning.

Question 55

Four types of instruction that typically constitute the curriculum for students with mild IDD are

A)reading, writing, math, and physical education.
B)reading, math, leisure skills, and the arts.
C)reading, math, vocational skills, and leisure skills.
D)academic skills, communication and language development, social skills, and vocational skills.

Question 56

The intensity of support for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities is measured as

A)primary, secondary, and tertiary.
B)mild, moderate, and severe.
C)dependent and independent.
D)intermittent, limited, extensive and pervasive.

Question 57

A primary emphasis for children with moderate IDD is

A)reading and math skills.
B)functional language.
C)science skills.
D)social studies skills.

Question 58

An approach to intervention based on behavior science principles and meant to replace punitive measures for behavior control is

A)FAS.
B)PBS.
C)UDL.
D)IPM.

Question 59

The teacher models the expected behavior, guides the student through the lesson and fades assistance as the child learns the task.This is called

A)contingent social reinforcement.
B)cooperative learning.
C)reciprocal teaching.
D)scaffolding.

Question 60

Central processing, one of the major components of information processing, is best described as the

A)auditory perception of a stimulus.
B)visual perception of a stimulus.
C)classification of a stimulus through the use of memory, reasoning, and evaluation.
D)choice of a single response from among many possible responses.

Question 61

Two common characteristics ascribed to persons with IDD are

A)rigidity and inanity.
B)unpredictable violence and anxiety.
C)lack of muscle tone and discoordination.
D)credulity and gullibility.

Question 62

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
A term used synonymously with IDD.

Question 63

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
An approach to intervention based on behavior science principles and meant to replace punitive measures for behavior control.

Question 64

The term ____________________ includes intellectual disabilities plus other conditions of mental and physical impairment for which the child is likely to need lifelong help from a variety of health, social, and educational agencies.

Question 65

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
A set of instructional strategies that emphasize the use of groups for teaching problem solving and working constructively with others.

Question 66

The inheritance of three copies of the twenty-first chromosome results in ____________________. This syndrome usually causes mild IDD and a variety of characteristic physical features.

Question 67

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
The area of the Information Processing Model that individuals with IDD have the most trouble.

Question 68

The intensities of support for people with IDD are measured as (a) ____________________, (b) ____________________, (c) ____________________, and (d) ____________________.

Question 69

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
A goal of intervention programs that enable children with disabilities to be able to make decisions and be responsible for their lives.

Question 70

Which is not a category of adaptive behavior?

A)Conceptual skills
B)Social skills
C)Cognitive skills
D)Practical skills

Question 71

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
Text on a computer that will lead you to other relevant references or material upon demand.

Question 72

In ____________________, a single-gene defect that can produce severe IDD, the absence of a specific enzyme in the liver leads to a buildup of the amino acid phenylalanine.

Question 73

Formally known as mental retardation, ____________________ is characterized by subaverage intellectual functioning and limited adaptive skills.

Question 74

According to Universal Design for Learning (UDL), if the student can't read,

A)the material is presented visually in pictures.
B)the student is given time to read.
C)some other content is taught.
D)the student is seated to have the proper visual distance.

Question 75

____________________ include interpersonal skills, responsibility, self-esteem, gullibility, and naïveté.

Question 76

In scaffolding the teacher

A)matches the student with a peer tutor.
B)assesses the strengths of the student.
C)models the expected behavior at first and guides the learning.
D)constructs samples for comparing students' responses.

Question 77

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
Classification of a stimulus through the use of memory, reasoning, and evaluation; the second step in information processing.

Question 78

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
Brain inflammation usually caused by a virus.

Question 79

The leading cause of inherited IDD is

A)Down syndrome.
B)Fragile X.
C)Turner's syndrome.
D)PKU.

Question 80

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Encephalitis
f.Developmental disabilities
b.Hypertext
g.Self-management
c.Central processing
h.Executive Functioning
d.Cooperative learning
i.Down syndrome
e.Positive behavior supports
A chromosomal abnormality that leads to mild or moderate IDD and, at times, a variety of hearing, skeletal, and heart problems.