Deck 5: Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following statements is true regarding persons with autism?

A)They usually have a hypersensitivity to noises but not to being touched by others.
B)Many persons with autism are hypersensitive to noises in the environment, and some are sensitive to touch as well.
C)All persons with autism shy away from being touched by others and some are sensitive to noises in the environment.
D)Only persons with Asperger's syndrome are sensitive to noises and to being touched.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A condition that is included within the Autism Spectrum Disorder that resembles autism but is a progressive neurological disorder is

A)Turner's Syndrome.
B)Rhett Syndrome.
C)Childhood disintegrative disorders.
D)Kanner's Syndrome.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The first person to describe a group of children in 1943 who did not relate to others, had difficulties in speech development, engaged in repetitive behaviors, and were upset by changes was

A)Michael Rutter.
B)Leo Kanner.
C)Temple Grandin.
D)O.Ivar Lovaas.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

During the preschool years, the emphasis of educational programming should be to help the children attain

A)a functional communication system and basic social skills.
B)beginning reading skills to maximize their success in kindergarten.
C)replacement behaviors for their repetitive motor movements such as rocking or hand flapping.
D)use of an augmentative or alternative communication system.

Question 5

The term autism spectrum disorders refers to a variety of disorders affecting the child's

A)social development and ability to communicate.
B)cognitive abilities.
C)academic abilities.
D)cognitive and academic abilities.

Question 6

One of the characteristics shared by many persons with autism is a(n) ___________________ to noises in the environment.

A)unawareness
B)inability to discriminate
C)hypersensitivity
D)attraction

Question 7

One example of a test of theory of mind is the

A)Sally and Anne test.
B)Checklist for Autism in Toddlers.
C)Social Stories test.
D)Test of Incidental Learning.

Question 8

The UCLA Young Autism Project

A)utilizes a communication curriculum that is based on behavioral principles but applied in naturalistic settings.
B)uses the principles of applied behavior analysis to teach discrete skills that are chained into functional routines.
C)teaches social skills as discrete skills within an integrative setting and uses peer-mediation interventions to promote independent play and social interaction.
D)uses incidental teaching, that is, the spontaneous behavior of the child, to teach specific skills such as functional verbal language.

Question 9

Autism Spectrum Disorder includes which of following?

A)Turner's syndrome
B)intellectual disabilities
C)childhood disintegrative disorders
D)language impaired

Question 10

Autism spectrum disorders are ______________________ disorders that lead to deficits in the child's ability to communicate, understand language, play, develop social skills, and relate to others.

A)learning
B)behavioral
C)emotional
D)neurological

Question 11

Which of the following programs teach social skills as discrete skills such as "play initiation?"

A)Pivotal Response Model
B)Young Autism Project
C)TEACCH
D)LEAP

Question 12

One of the disorders included under autism spectrum disorders is

A)developmental communication disorder.
B)pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified.
C)developmental hypersensitivity disorder.
D)developmental attentional disorder.

Question 13

According to the authors of your textbook, there is a possible elevated rate of ___________________ in adults with autism.

A)learning disabilities
B)artistic ability
C)health problems
D)depression

Question 14

One of the fundamental characteristics of children with autism is a lack of theory of mind, which refers to the ability of human beings to

A)communicate their thoughts clearly.
B)understand the thinking and feelings of other people.
C)begin to learn basic preacademic skills.
D)understand the basic concepts of math.

Question 15

The approach to enhancing the social skills of school-age children that brings children with autism into contact with typically developing peers, activating social interaction processes, and rewarding social contacts is called a

A)collateral skills intervention.
B)child-specific intervention.
C)ecological variation.
D)peer-mediated intervention.

Question 16

The Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) measures the presence or absence of three core items, namely

A)theory of mind, hypersensitivity to touch, and hypersensitivity to sound.
B)social skills, functional communication, and play behavior.
C)protodeclarative pointing, gaze monitoring, and pretend play.
D)functional communciation, gaze monitoring, and theory of mind.

Question 17

An intensive, long-term, intervention that systematically addresses the core symptoms of ASD is

A)a comprehensive treatment model.
B)a focused intervention practice.
C)a response to intervention model.
D)a failure to respond hope treatment model.

Question 18

The LEAP Program at the University of Colorado

A)utilizes a communication curriculum that is based on behavioral principles but applied in naturalistic settings.
B)uses the principles of applied behavior analysis to teach discrete skills that are chained into functional routines.
C)teaches social skills as discrete skills within an integrative setting and uses peer-mediation interventions to promote independent play and social interaction.
D)uses incidental teaching, that is, the spontaneous behavior of the child, to teach specific skills such as functional verbal language.

Question 19

Autism is more common in boys, with about ______ times as many boys as girls identified.

A)2
B)4
C)8
D)10

Question 20

The prevalence of the autism spectrum disorder has been

A)steadily decreasing.
B)stable over the last ten years.
C)steadily increasing.
D)slowing increasing.

Question 21

The approach to enhancing the social skills of school-age children that focuses on social initiations rather than sustained and high-quality social interaction is called a(n)

A)collateral skills intervention.
B)child-specific intervention.
C)ecological variation.
D)peer-mediated intervention.

Question 22

A technique that involves a child with autism writing a very short story that describes a specific social situation that is troublesome for that child is called

A)writing therapy.
B)functional behavioral analysis.
C)social stories.
D)teaching stories.

Question 23

Thimerosal, an ingredient found in ________________, was originally thought to be a cause of ASD but this theory has now been discredited.

A)paint used in children's furniture
B)ADHD medication
C)vaccinations
D)soy-based formulas

Question 24

Parents of children with autism can reduce family stress by

A)learning to use effective teaching strategies that enable them to help their child develop new behaviors.
B)keeping the child with autism and his or her siblings separated as much as possible since the lives of siblings can be significantly disrupted.
C)learning specialized strategies for only managing problem behavior and letting the teachers develop their child's academic behaviors.
D)following the professional's advice exactly.

Question 25

An individualized visual daily schedule, a consistent physical environment, and clear and predictable assignments are examples of

A)Structured Teaching.
B)Applied Behavior Analysis.
C)Functional Behavior Analysis.
D)Ecological Approach.

Question 26

The Pivotal Response Model at the University of California at Santa Barbara

A)starts with discrete trials training and then moves on to a goal of social and educational proficiency in natural settings.
B)uses the principles of applied behavior analysis to teach discrete skills that are chained into functional routines.
C)teaches social skills as discrete skills within an integrative setting and uses peer-mediation interventions to promote independent play and social interaction.
D)uses incidental teaching, that is, the spontaneous behavior of the child, to teach specific skills such as functional verbal language.

Question 27

The TEACCH Program at the University of North Carolina

A)utilizes a communication curriculum that is based on behavioral principles but applied in naturalistic settings.
B)uses the principles of applied behavior analysis to teach discrete skills that are chained into functional routines.
C)teaches social skills as discrete skills within an integrative setting and uses peer-mediation interventions to promote independent play and social interaction.
D)uses incidental teaching, that is, the spontaneous behavior of the child, to teach specific skills such as functional verbal language.

Question 28

The problem behaviors that children with autism exhibit in the classroom

A)should be dealt with in the same manner as any other inappropriate classroom behavior.
B)should be ignored since the behaviors are a function of their disability.
C)should be addressed through a functional analysis of behavior to determine the motivation behind the behavior.
D)should be addressed only by the child's parents.

Question 29

The main problems for individuals with autism in the Information Processing Models are in the

A)memory area.
B)classification area.
C)association area.
D)executive function area.

Question 30

The approach to enhancing the social skills of school-age children that changes the physical environment or modifies the child's activities or schedule is called a(n)

A)collateral skills intervention.
B)child-specific intervention.
C)ecological variation.
D)peer-mediated intervention.

Question 31

An example of an augmentative or alternative communication device for a child with autism is

A)Picture Exchange Communication System.
B)Discrete Trials.
C)Executive Function.
D)Auditory hypersensitivity.

Question 32

The ability to imitate or learn through observation and not through being directly taught is called

A)functional learning.
B)incidental learning.
C)child directed learning.
D)ABC learning.

Question 33

The approach to enhancing the social skills of school-age children that teaches peers how to interact with children with autism is called a(n)

A)collateral skills intervention.
B)child-specific intervention.
C)ecological variation.
D)peer-mediated intervention.

Question 34

An approach that can assist children with autism in becoming less anxious about unpredictable or unorganized classroom and school environments is called

A)Structured Teaching.
B)Incidental Teaching.
C)Discrete Skills Teaching.
D)Child-Specific Teaching.

Question 35

One of the fundamental characteristics of children with autism is a lack of theory of mind.In typical children, _____-year-olds have a developing theory of mind.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 36

One of the disorders included under autism spectrum disorders is

A)Kanner's syndrome.
B)Rutter's syndrome.
C)Asperger's syndrome.
D)Attwood syndrome.

Question 37

During the 1960s and 1970s there was a widespread belief that the cause of autism was

A)a lack of oxygen to the brain.
B)a head trauma prior to the child's first birthday.
C)poor nutrition.
D)a cold and unfeeling mother.

Question 38

The general recommendation for vocational placements for children with autism as they transition from school to postsecondary employment is to stress their ______________ and play down their _______________________.

A)individual strengths; social problems
B)intelligence; academic difficulties
C)social progress; behavior problems
D)intelligence; social problems

Question 39

A small group lesson developed to improve language and social skills in the regular classroom for children with autism is an example of

A)RTI Tier I activity.
B)RTI Tier II activity.
C)RTI Tier III activity.
D)a functional behavior analysis.

Question 40

One of the disorders included under autism spectrum disorders is

A)childhood disintegrative disorder.
B)developmental learning disorder.
C)childhood hypersensitivity disorder.
D)developmental attentional disorder.

Question 41

An adult with autism who has created important agriculture technology while coping with autism is

A)Leo Kanner.
B)O.Ivar Lovaas.
C)Temple Grandin.
D)Michael Rutter.

Question 42

The relationship-focused (RF) intervention

A)encourages parents to use responsible interaction strategies during routine interaction with their children with autism.
B)encourages siblings of children with autism to interact in a more positive fashion.
C)improves regular classroom teacher's interaction with children with autism.
D)improves motor imitation skills better than other interventions.

Question 43

McGee, Feldman & Morrier (1997) found that many children with autism

A)do not engage in any social interactions whatsoever.
B)engage to some degree in play, social participation, and social interaction only much less than typical children the same age.
C)are actually very social but have poor language skills that make them appear to be less social.
D)were very social with same-gender peers but did not engage socially with opposite-gender peers.

Question 44

The results of a follow-up study by Mesibov, Schopler & Hearsey (1999) of 59 children with autism as they progressed into young adulthood revealed that ___________________ decreased but __________________ difficulties continued.

A)repetitive motor behaviors; academic
B)social problems; employment
C)language problems; repetitive motor movements
D)repetitive motor movements; social

Question 45

Two common characteristics shared by many persons with autism are

A)lack of theory of mind and hypersensitivity to noise.
B)physical attractiveness and delayed language development.
C)above average intelligence and poor social skills.
D)repetitive motor movements and an attraction to loud noises.

Question 46

Children with Asperger's syndrome

A)are also IDD.
B)are high functioning with autism-like symptoms.
C)may develop normally for the first year or two and then regress in their language development.
D)have language impairments but are not socially impaired.

Question 47

A key feature of the treatment programs for children with autism is

A)limited vocabulary work.
B)frequency of new material introduced.
C)duration for new material introduced.
D)predictability and routine.

Question 48

The lack of social development associated with individuals with autism makes it important to attain

A)a proper posture for listening.
B)a functional fine motor coordination.
C)a functional communication system.
D)attention before speaking.

Question 49

During the preschool years, the emphasis of educational programming should be to help the child attain

A)a functional communication system and basic social skills.
B)beginning reading skills to maximize their success in kindergarten.
C)replacement behaviors for their repetitive motor movements such as rocking or hand flapping.
D)use of an augmentative or alternative communication system.

Question 50

The capability of mirror neurons allows individuals to imitate other's actions, speech or even emotions.This mirror neuron system appears to be _________________ in children with autism.

A)stronger
B)slower in development
C)normal
D)nonexistent

Question 51

Typical children learn many social and linguistic skills by observation and experience. Children with autism must learn these skills through

A)psychotherapy.
B)direct instruction.
C)functional behavior analysis.
D)assistive technology.

Question 52

The UCLA Young Autism Project proposes that ________ hours a week be spent on working directly with the child to ensure that he or she can be ready for first grade with typical children.

A)10
B)15
C)30
D)40

Question 53

One example of a test of theory of mind is the

A)Checklist for Autism in Toddlers.
B)Social Stories test.
C)Test of Incidental Learning.
D)Sally and Anne test.

Question 54

Many persons with autism show hypersensitivity to

A)noise and tactile stimuli.
B)visual instruction.
C)intrusion therapy.
D)tempo in music.

Question 55

The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)

A)was developed by the Young Autism Program.
B)can reduce challenging behaviors by improving communication skills.
C)is a newer form of sign language.
D)can only be used with pre-school children with special needs.

Question 56

Children with Asperger's syndrome

A)are high functioning with autism-like symptoms.
B)may develop normally for the first year or two and then regress in their development.
C)are also intellectual disabled.
D)have language impairments but are not socially impaired.

Question 57

The approach to enhancing the social skills of school-age children that focus on social initiations rather than sustained and high-quality social interaction is called a

A)collateral skills intervention.
B)peer-mediated intervention.
C)ecological variation.
D)child-specific intervention.

Question 58

A "relationship focused" intervention strategy encourages parents to use

A)behavior modification.
B)intrusion therapy.
C)responsive interaction.
D)home-based instruction.

Question 59

One of the disorders included under autism spectrum disorders is

A)developmental learning disorder.
B)childhood hypersensitivity disorder.
C)childhood disintegrative disorder.
D)developmental attention disorder.

Question 60

For children with autism who are essentially without language, _____________________ methods are used to teach the basics of communication.

A)applied behavior analysis
B)play observation
C)musical
D)naturalistic

Question 61

____________________ are changes in the physical environment for a child or modifications in activity, schedule, or structure designed to enhance social interaction.

Question 62

Creating a consistent educational environment through ____________________ and ____________________ has been found to be very beneficial for children with autism.

Question 63

____________________ are related disorders that affect a child's social development and ability to communicate.They include unusual behavioral manifestations such as repetitive motor movements.

Question 64

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
The ability of human beings to understand the thinking and feelings of other people.

Question 65

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
Changing a child's environment to promote opportunities for socialization.

Question 66

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
A learning approach based on individual analyses of a student's functioning and relies on the learning of behaviors to remediate learning problems.

Question 67

Autism can result in serious developmental delay in many areas, especially in the area of

A)visual capacity.
B)muscle tone and coordination.
C)social and communication skills.
D)physical growth.

Question 68

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
Interventions that build on the social nurturing between the parents and the child.

Question 69

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
One of the disorders included in the range of autism spectrum disorders.

Question 70

The condition of autism can be recognized in children as young as

A)six months old.
B)two years old.
C)four years old.
D)six years old.

Question 71

____________________ of children with autism is one of the key elements of treatment.

Question 72

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
A neurological system that enables individuals to imitate others' speech and actions.

Question 73

One of the indicators of a fundamental developmental disability in autistic children has been lack of a(n) ____________________, the ability of human beings to understand the thinking and feelings of other people.

Question 74

One of the distinguishing characteristics of students with ____________________ is an observable developmental imbalance.On the one hand, they can be of average or superior intelligence; on the other, they are unfailingly years behind in social development.

Question 75

____________________ are brain cells that respond equally whether we perform an action or someone else performs the same action.This has been found to be dysfunctional in children with autism.

Question 76

Sergio has a type of autism that exhibits social problems but he is highly intelligent with appropriate language.What is the name of this type of autism?

A)Asperger's syndrome
B)PDDNOS
C)Rhett's syndrome
D)Child disintegrative disorder

Question 77

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
Interventions designed to improve play skills, academic responses, or sociodramatic play.

Question 78

The prevalence of the autism spectrum disorder has been
a.slowing decreasing.
b.stable over the last fifteen years.
c.slowly increasing.
d.steadily increasing

Question 79

MATCHING
Match each statement to the item listed below
a.Asperger's syndrome
b.Collateral skills interventions
c.Applied behavior analysis
d.Pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDDNOS)
e.Theory of mind
f.Ecological variations
g.Mirror neurons
h.Relationship-focused interventions
A term that describes high-functioning children with autismlike symptoms.

Question 80

____________________ are attempts to improve play skills, academic responses, or sociodramatic play.