Deck 4: Fundamentals of Biology

Question 1

One of the by-product results of photosynthesis is:

A)Production of water.
B)Energy is released into the surrounding environment.
C)Oxygen is released.
D)Carbon dioxide is released.
E)Energy is contained in the water molecules.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The most important nutrients for plant growth in the ocean are:

A)Sodium and chloride.
B)Nitrogen and oxygen.
C)Carbon dioxide and oxygen.
D)Oxygen and vitamins.
E)Nitrogen and phosphorus.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following shows the correct level of organization in order of increasing complexity?

A)Molecule,cell,organelle,individual,community
B)Organelle,tissue,organ,community,population
C)Ecosystem,individual,organ,cell
D)Molecule,atom,cell,organ system,ecosystem
E)Atom,molecule,organ,population,ecosystem

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of these is not an organic compound?

A)Water
B)Sugars
C)Proteins
D)Lipids
E)Nucleic acids

Question 5

Which of the following nucleotides is found only in DNA?

A)Adenine
B)Thymine
C)Guanine
D)Cytosine
E)Uracil

Question 6

Which of the following is not true of a cell?

A)It is the basic structural unit of life.
B)Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells.
C)The cell membrane allows all substances to pass in and out of the cell freely.
D)All organisms are made of one or more cells.
E)The membrane-bound structures with most cells are called organelles.

Question 7

All of the following are subcellular organelles except:

A)Endoplasmic reticulum.
B)DNA.
C)Nucleus.
D)Mitochondria.
E)Chloroplasts.

Question 8

Some prokaryotes and eukaryotic sperm cells have protein filaments that allow mobility called:

A)Cillia.
B)Chloroplasts.
C)Golgi appratus.
D)Flagellum.

Question 9

Cellular respiration occurs in the:

A)Mitochindria.
B)Endoplasmic reticulum.
C)Golgi complex.
D)Nucleus.
E)Centrioles.

Question 10

During the process of cellular respiration:

A)Solar energy trapped in photosynthesis is released.
B)Carbon dioxide and water form sugars.
C)Solar energy is transformed into chemical energy.
D)Oxygen and carbon dioxide are produced.
E)Sunlight is used to create energy.

Question 11

The end product of cellular respiration for direct use of the cell is:

A)Oxygen.
B)Nitrogen.
C)ATP.
D)Amino acids.
E)Glucose.

Question 12

All of the following are characteristics of living things except one:

A)They grow.
B)They all produce diseases.
C)They all reproduce.
D)They all metabolize.
E)They all react to the external environment in some way.

Question 13

Which of the following organic molecules stores energy,provides insulation,and assists in buoyancy?

A)Proteins
B)Carbohydrates
C)Lipids
D)Nucleic acids
E)Amino acids

Question 14

What is the role of ATP in organisms?

A)Serves as an energy storage molecule for direct use by the cell
B)Serves as a structural molecule for cell walls and membranes
C)Serves as a genetic storage molecule for storage of genetic mutations
D)Serves as a genetic transfer molecule in subsequent generations
E)Speeds up chemical reactions and reduces enthalpy

Question 15

One important function of carbohydrates is that they:

A)Form enzymes.
B)Are structural molecules in membranes.
C)Repel water.
D)Store energy.
E)Hold genetic information.

Question 16

Which of these molecules stores and transmits genetic information?

A)Amino acids
B)Carbohydrates
C)Proteins
D)Lipids
E)Nucleic acids

Question 17

Primary production results in which of these?

A)The oxygen utilized by animals is greater than the oxygen produced by plants.
B)Carbon dioxide is released into the water.
C)Oxygen is utilized by plants.
D)Organic matter is produced in excess of organic matter broken down by respiration resulting in a net gain.
E)Proteins are manufactured by animals increasing their biomass.

Question 18

The biochemical function of enzymes is to:

A)Provide structure.
B)Store energy.
C)Hold genetic information.
D)Speed up chemical reactions.
E)Provide buoyancy.

Question 19

Which of the following classes of biochemicals is composed of amino acids?

A)Carbohydrates
B)Lipids
C)Proteins
D)Nucleic acids

Question 20

Prokaryotes:

A)Are more organized and complex than eukaryotes
B)Include the bacteria.
C)Have many organelles in their cells.
D)All carry out photosynthesis.
E)Have a nucleus in their cells.

Question 21

Male gametes (sperm)and female gametes (eggs):

A)Both contain a diploid (2n)number of chromosomes.
B)Are produced by mitosis only.
C)Fuse during fertilization to form a zygote.
D)Are typically the largest cells in an organism.
E)Are involved in producing identical clones of an organism with no genetic variation.

Question 22

Which of the following statements regarding bacteria is NOT true?

A)Bacteria are prokaryotic
B)Bacteria are eukaryotic
C)Bacteria lack a nucleus
D)Bacteria can be photosynthetic
E)Bacteria have cell walls

Question 23

Which of the following shows the correct order of taxonomic levels?

A)Kingdom,phylum,order,species,genus
B)Kingdom,phylum,family,genus,species
C)Kingdom,family,order,phylum,genus
D)Kingdom,order,phylum,genus,species
E)Order,family,phylum,genus,species

Question 24

The term "endotherms" is applied to those organisms:

A)Commonly known as "warm blooded".
B)Where the internal temperature varies with the environment.
C)That retain some of its metabolic heat.
D)Commonly known as "heat-producers".
E)Where the internal salt concentration as well as their temperature is kept constant.

Question 25

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction except:

A)Fission.
B)Fertilization.
C)Plants sending out "runners".
D)Budding.
E)Cell division.

Question 26

A group of organisms living together on a rocky beach is an example of a(an):

A)Population.
B)Community.
C)Individual.
D)Ecosystem.
E)Colony of individuals.

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT true regarding photosynthesis?

A)Atmospheric oxygen is a result of this process
B)Water is a raw material for this process
C)ATP is made directly by this process
D)Carbon dioxide is a raw material for this process
E)Carbohydrates are made directly by this process

Question 28

Typical marine fishes:

A)Tend to gain water by osmosis since their internal salt concentration is higher than that of seawater.
B)Tend to lose water by osmosis since their internal salt concentration is lower than that of seawater.
C)Do not drink seawater since they need to conserve as much water as possible.
D)Produce a large volume of urine since they need to conserve as much water as possible.
E)Drink seawater and as a result produce large amounts of urine.

Question 29

The cell membrane is said to be "selectively permeable" because it:

A)Allows only some substances to move through at the cells discretion.
B)Allows all substances to enter the cell.
C)Allows all substances to leave the cell.
D)Allows only the smallest molecules to enter the cell.
E)Allows only water and salts to enter the cell.

Question 30

Marine organisms whose internal salt concentration varies with that of their environment are examples of:

A)Osmoregulators.
B)Fresh-water organisms.
C)Ion-concentrators.
D)Osmoconformers.
E)Urea-concentrators.

Question 31

Which of the following are not correctly paired?

A)Kingdom Plantae-mangroves
B)Kingdom Fungi-mushrooms
C)Kingdom Animalia-dolphins
D)Prokaryotes-sponges
E)Eukaryotes-Protozoa

Question 32

The term ecosystem best encompasses which one of the following:

A)All living organisms living in one area without regards to the physical setting.
B)Populations in one area but not the physical environment.
C)The community or communities but not the physical environment.
D)The community or communities and the physical environment.
E)Populations and communities living in one area.