Deck 5: Managing Diversity

Question 1

A preconceived judgment about an individual or group of people is known as:

A) ethnocentrism.
B) prejudice.
C) a stereotype.
D) sexism.

Answer 1

B
Explanation: Prejudice refers to a preconceived judgment about an individual or group of people. It can be a subtle force.

Question 2

Which of the following is true about the recent diversity trends in the United States?

A) The participation of women in the workforce has risen to above 50 percent.
B) A survey found that few women held management-related occupations.
C) The proportion of African Americans in the workforce is decreasing gradually.
D) Older workers opt for early retirement, which results in more opportunities for youngsters.

Answer 2

A
Explanation: The participation of women in the workforce has risen to above 50 percent. A survey found that women held half of all management, professional, and related occupations.

Question 3

In the context of cultural diversity,the old "melting pot" model refers to:

A) the process of finding the best fit between the employee and the job.
B) how immigrants were expected to assimilate their culture and language into the mainstream.
C) the corporate culture found in most firms today.
D) how the new affirmative action programs were used to correct past discrimination problems.

Answer 3

B
Explanation: In the context of cultural diversity, the old "melting pot" model refers to how immigrants were expected to assimilate their culture and language into the mainstream. This model has long since been left behind. The view today is that our diversity is our strength.

Question 4

Which of the following is a recent diversity trend in the United States?

A) A decrease in the proportion of women in the workforce
B) A decrease in the rate at which mothers of young children are entering the workforce
C) An aging workforce, as older workers postpone retirement to continue working
D) A gradual reduction in the proportions of Asian Americans and Hispanics in the workforce

Question 5

Which of the following refers to discrimination?

A) Beliefs and norms that govern organizational behavior in a firm
B) A preconceived judgment about an individual or group of people
C) Unfair or inequitable treatment of people based on prejudice
D) A generalized, fixed image formed of other people

Question 6

Unfair or inequitable treatment based on prejudice is known as:

A) discrimination.
B) geocentrism.
C) stereotyping.
D) nepotism.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of secondary diversity?

A) Secondary diversity includes the more commonly thought of differences between people.
B) Physical abilities/characteristics, race, and sexual orientation are some of the components of secondary diversity.
C) The components of secondary diversity are things that cannot be changed.
D) The secondary dimensions of diversity are factors that an individual has some control over.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about prejudice?

A) It is a generalized, fixed image of others.
B) It is a group of standards for appropriate or acceptable behavior.
C) It can always be easily recognized.
D) It can be a subtle force.

Question 9

_____ diversity includes the more commonly thought of differences between people.

A) Primary
B) Rational
C) Schematic
D) Collective

Question 10

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies prejudice?

A) As Cathy is a working parent, her supervisor assumes that she often abuses sick day privileges.
B) Lilly and Ben work for the same firm and both perform similar tasks. However, Ben's pay is more than that of Lily's.
C) Erick's manager often says "All Americans are aggressive and loud."
D) Violet's manager, Ted, often shows obscene pictures to her and threatens to fire her if she complains.

Question 11

_____ diversity includes things that are perhaps not as often considered but that are integral to an individual's make up.

A) Rational
B) Secondary
C) Schematic
D) Collective

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of diversity?

A) Diversity within an organization often results in poor decision making.
B) Diversity is generally broken into two groups: organizational diversity and social diversity.
C) The dimensions of diversity include both things that can be changed and things that cannot be changed.
D) The components of secondary diversity include gender, physical abilities/characteristics, race, and sexual orientation.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of primary diversity?

A) Primary diversity includes things that are not as often considered but that are integral to an individual's make up.
B) Marital status, military experience, and religion are some of the components of primary diversity.
C) The components of primary diversity are things that cannot be changed.
D) The primary dimensions of diversity are factors that an individual has some control over.

Question 14

Diversity is defined as the:

A) characteristics of individuals that shape their identities and the experiences they have in society.
B) number of employees with different racial backgrounds in an organization.
C) ratio of male and female employees in the organization.
D) preconceived judgment about an individual or group of people.

Question 15

Which of the following refers to prejudice?

A) Beliefs and norms that govern organizational behavior in a firm
B) A preconceived judgment about an individual or group of people
C) Unfair or inequitable treatment of people based on biased decisions
D) A generalized, fixed image formed of other people

Question 16

Which of the following is a component of secondary diversity?

A) Ethnicity
B) Age
C) Sexual orientation
D) Education

Question 17

_____ refers to the beliefs and norms that govern organizational behavior in a firm.

A) orporate agenda
B) Cultural vision
C) Corporate culture
D) Cultural value

Question 18

The workers born between 1946 and 1964 are typically referred to as:

A) baby boomers.
B) traditionalists.
C) Generation X workers.
D) Generation Y workers.

Question 19

Which of the following is a component of primary diversity?

A) Marital status
B) Military experience
C) Race
D) Religion

Question 20

_____ refers to the characteristics of individuals that shape their identities and the experiences they have in society.

A) Diversity
B) Ethnicity
C) Civility
D) Bigotry

Question 21

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies discrimination?

A) As Cathy is a working parent, her supervisor assumes that she often abuses sick day privileges.
B) Lilly and Ben work for the same firm and both perform similar tasks. Although both are equally qualified and exerienced, Ben's pay is much higher than that of Lilly's.
C) Erick's manager often says "All Americans are aggressive and loud."
D) Violet's manager, Ted, often shows obscene pictures to her and threatens to fire her if she complains.

Question 22

Which of the following statements about stereotypes is true?

A) They are often intended and cannot be eliminated.
B) They refer to the unfair or inequitable treatment of people that is prohibited by law.
C) They are usually based on true or complete information.
D) They occur because human beings prefer things that are more familiar.

Question 23

Mike,a manager at a firm,assigns different tasks to his employees based on some preconceived notions that he has about them.For example,he never assigns high-budget projects to youngsters assuming they are unreliable.In this case,Mike's business decisions are based on _____.

A) rationality
B) prejudices
C) ethnocentrism
D) premonitions AAzSB: Reflective Thinking

Question 24

The statement "All youngsters are impulsive and careless" is an example of _____.

A) prejudice
B) discrimination
C) a stereotype
D) sexism

Question 25

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies stereotyping?

A) As Cathy is a working parent, her supervisor assumes that she often abuses sick day privileges.
B) Lilly and Ben work for the same firm and both perform similar tasks. Although both are equally qualified and experienced, Ben's pay is much higher than that of Lilly's.
C) Erick's manager often says "All Americans are aggressive and loud."
D) Violet's manager, Ted, often shows obscene pictures to her and threatens to fire her if she complains.

Question 26

Malik works as a correspondent at a news channel.He realizes that he has been rejected for the position of the lead news anchor because the management was looking for a "white" anchor.He resigns from the channel.Which of the following is most likely the reason for Malik's resignation?

A) Discrimination
B) Individualism
C) Polycentrism
D) Nepotism

Question 27

Which of the following refers to stereotypes?

A) Beliefs and norms that govern organizational behavior in a firm
B) Preconceived judgments about an individual
C) Unfair or inequitable treatment of people based on prejudice
D) Generalized, fixed images of others

Question 28

_____ are generalized,fixed images of others.

A) Slurs
B) Ethnocentrisms
C) Stereotypes
D) Prejudices

Question 29

If a supervisor assumes that an old worker is not as physically strong as a young worker,he or she is making judgments based on _____.

A) prejudice
B) norms
C) ethics
D) sexism

Question 30

Identify the statement that accurately differentiates stereotypes and discrimination.

A) Stereotypes refer to the unfair treatment of people based on prejudice, whereas discrimination is a preconceived judgment about a group of people.
B) Stereotypes are prohibited by law, whereas discrimination is not prohibited by law.
C) Stereotypes are generalized, fixed images of others, whereas discrimination is the unfair or inequitable treatment based on prejudice.
D) Stereotypes can be countered or eliminated, whereas discrimination cannot be countered or eliminated.

Question 31

Which of the following statements accurately differentiates prejudices from stereotypes?

A) Prejudices refer to the unfair treatment of people based on discrimination, whereas stereotypes are preconceived judgments about a group of people.
B) Prejudices are not prohibited by law, whereas stereotypes are prohibited by law.
C) Prejudices are preconceived judgments about a group of people, whereas stereotypes are generalized, fixed images of others.
D) Prejudices cannot be countered or eliminated, whereas stereotypes can be countered or eliminated once recognized.

Question 32

Sexism is discrimination based on:

A) racial stereotypes.
B) gender stereotypes.
C) age stereotypes.
D) ethnic stereotypes.

Question 33

If a supervisor assumes that a female job applicant cannot make sales calls at night,he or she is making judgments based on _____.

A) prejudice
B) norms
C) ethics
D) ageism

Question 34

Zack,a former rock musician who holds a master's degree in economics,works as a financial advisor at Plateau Finances.Zack's boss thinks that all rock musicians are incompetent at finance related jobs.In this case,Zack is subjected to _____.

A) stereotyping
B) racism
C) nepotism
D) discrimination

Question 35

Erick,the night supervisor of Harold's Hamburgers,believes that teenagers are unreliable and therefore avoids hiring them.In this scenario,Erick is displaying _____.

A) ethnocentrism
B) prejudice
C) nepotism
D) racism

Question 36

If a supervisor assumes that young workers are less reliable and consequently denies employment to youngsters,it can be construed as _____.

A) sexism
B) discrimination
C) harassment
D) ethnocentrism

Question 37

Which of the following statements accurately differentiates prejudice and discrimination?

A) Prejudice is a preconceived judgment about a group of people, whereas discrimination is unfair treatment based on prejudice.
B) Prejudice is prohibited by law, whereas discrimination is not prohibited by law.
C) Prejudice refers to generalized, fixed images of others, whereas discrimination refers to a preconceived judgment about an individual.
D) Prejudice cannot be countered or eliminated, whereas discrimination can be countered or eliminated.

Question 38

Which of the following statements is true about discrimination?

A) It is defined as generalized, fixed images of others.
B) It is not prohibited by law.
C) It is based on prejudice.
D) It encourages and unites employees.

Question 39

The statement "All Americans are loud and aggressive" is an example of:

A) stereotyping.
B) prejudice.
C) discrimination.
D) nepotism.

Question 40

If a manager assumes that women cannot work with machineries and consequently denies employment to them,it can be construed as _____.

A) ageism
B) discrimination
C) harassment
D) ethnocentrism

Question 41

Identify a benefit offered by older workers according to the survey by the Society for Human Resource Management.

A) They cost less because of their greater experience.
B) They do not require any training.
C) They add diversity of thought and approach.
D) They do not take their work very seriously.

Question 42

Which of the following is a form of sexism?

A) Considering people from certain countries not fit for managerial positions
B) Assuming that a senior employee would not be able to handle an assignment that involved a great deal of traveling
C) Considering a woman unfit to head a business unit
D) Denying employment to a person with a questionable background

Question 43

Core Inc.is a firm where less than half of the employees are females.Veronica is one of them and has been a mid-level manager for several years without being able to progress.This is the case with all qualified female employees in the firm.Which of the following is most likely to be preventing these employees from rising to higher levels?

A) The revolving door
B) The glass ceiling
C) The level of threshold
D) The invisible line

Question 44

Unwanted sexual attentions,including language,behavior,or the display of images is known as:

A) acculturation.
B) sexual harassment.
C) ethnocentrism.
D) sexual orientation.

Question 45

Which of the following is true about women in the context of sexism?

A) Women are no longer a minority in top positions.
B) The number of businesses owned by women has been declining in recent decades.
C) The participation of women in the workforce has dropped to 40 percent.
D) Female entrepreneurs are making a strong mark on U.S. business.

Question 46

_____,or discrimination based on gender stereotypes,is a barrier to diversity that many employers have taken steps to combat and prevent.

A) Ageism
B) Sexism
C) Ethnocentrism
D) Nepotism

Question 47

Generational studies are becoming increasingly common.Who among the following are the most studied generation to date?

A) The Millennials
B) The Baby Boomers
C) The Silent Generation
D) The GI Generation

Question 48

In the context of ageism,which of the following is a finding of the survey by the Society for Human Resource Management?

A) Older workers are less reliable than young workers.
B) Older workers are inflexible about working different schedules.
C) Older workers are loyal and are less likely to quit.
D) Older workers cost less because of their greater experience.

Question 49

Which of the following statements is true about sexism?

A) Sexism challenges a supervisor's efforts to ensure a fair and harmonious work environment.
B) Subtle use of language, such as the word "stewardess" instead of "flight attendant," is not a form of sexism.
C) The most blatant form of sexism is sexist language.
D) The "glass ceiling" is an organizational practice to overcome the negative effects of sexism in workplace.

Question 50

Richard,an experienced chef,applied for a role in a commercial for baked goods.He felt he was perfect for the role as he specialized in baking.However,he was turned down because the advertising firm felt that a woman would fit the product image of baked goods better than a man would.To which of the following was Richard subjected?

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Sexism
C) Ageism
D) Nepotism

Question 51

A certain level of responsibility to which many qualified applicants find themselves rising to,and then no higher,despite their ability and willingness to contribute further to the goals of the firm is called:

A) corporate segregation.
B) the revolving door.
C) the glass ceiling.
D) zero tolerance.

Question 52

Asking a pregnant job applicant about child care arrangements is a form of _____.

A) ageism
B) sexism
C) nepotism
D) embolism

Question 53

Which of the following depicts ageism?

A) Considering employees from certain countries not fit for managerial positions
B) Assuming that senior employees are incapable of handling long-term projects
C) Considering a woman unfit to head a business unit
D) Denying employment to a young employee with a questionable background

Question 54

Which of the following is the most blatant form of sexism?

A) Sexual harassment
B) Sexist language
C) Discrimination against gays
D) Discrimination against lesbians

Question 55

When Matilda was up for a promotion,her manager stated that the role was physically demanding,and it would be hard for a woman to cope.In this case,Matilda is subjected to _____.

A) ethnocentrism
B) sexism
C) ageism
D) nepotism

Question 56

Which of the following is often at the root of ageism?

A) Prejudices
B) Ethics
C) Norms
D) Modernizations

Question 57

Which of the following statements is true about older workers?

A) Older workers are on leave more often than young workers.
B) The share of older workers is lesser since World War II.
C) The percentage of the population that is 65 years and older in the workforce is decreasing.
D) Older workers are more afraid of discrimination than of change.

Question 58

Discrimination against gays or lesbians is a form of _____.

A) nepotism
B) egotism
C) sexism
D) embolism

Question 59

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies sexual harassment?

A) As Cathy is a working parent, her supervisor assumes that she often abuses sick day privileges.
B) Lilly and Ben work for the same firm and both perform similar tasks. Although both are equally qualified and experienced, Ben's pay is much higher than Lilly's.
C) Erick's manager often says "All Americans are aggressive and loud."
D) Violet's manager, Ted, often shows obscene pictures to her and threatens to fire her if she complains.

Question 60

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies ageism?

A) As Cathy is a working parent, her supervisor assumes that she often abuses sick day privileges.
B) Lilly and Ben work for the same firm and both perform similar tasks. Though both are equally qualified and experienced, Ben's pay is much higher than that of Lilly's.
C) Erick's manager often says "All Americans are aggressive and loud."
D) Fifty-five-year-old James was denied employment at a manufacturing firm because the interviewer felt that younger workers are more reliable.

Question 61

Which of the following is one of the challenges of managing diversity in a business organization?

A) The requirement of unique arrangements such as job sharing and telecommuting
B) The ability to increase the attraction and retention of the best employees for a job
C) The reduction of turnover and enhanced performance that leads to greater market share
D) The ability to increase morale and motivation throughout the company

Question 62

Hiring only those people who appear to fit into the company's corporate culture:

A) can lead to a staff with similar backgrounds.
B) can reduce the potential for groupthink in the company.
C) will result in increased vitality.
D) will result in more creativity.

Question 63

Which of the following is true about communication?

A) Communication is one area in which supervisors can serve as particularly good role models of managing diversity constructively.
B) Nonverbal communication is not as powerful in many contexts as the actual words people say.
C) Body language does not differ across cultures.
D) Only spoken communication offers opportunities for bridging the gaps between cultures.

Question 64

Expressions such as "get the nod" have more than one meaning.This emphasizes the fact that:

A) supervisors always make assumptions when using idioms during verbal communication.
B) the complexity of English fascinates nonnative speakers of English.
C) English has the potential to mislead, and certain words should be used with care.
D) nonverbal communication is more effective than verbal communication.

Question 65

A qualified individual with a disability is a person:

A) with a disability who, with or without reasonable accommodation, can perform the essential functions of a particular job.
B) who is less physically capable than others, or has failing eyesight, that prevents him or her from performing well on the job.
C) with a disability and considerable job experience who should be denied employment owing to the disability.
D) who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.

Question 66

Best Inc.offers its supervisors a paid day off to attend a diversity training program.Which of the following is most likely a result of this offer?

A) Higher morale and motivation throughout the company
B) Increased turnover among the employees
C) Enhanced opportunities for career advancement
D) Reduced absenteeism among the employees

Question 67

Which of the following is a common goal of diversity training?

A) Increasing team homogeneity
B) Standardizing policies and procedures
C) Eliminating divergent thinking
D) Improving communications skills

Question 68

_____ is a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity,a record of such an impairment,or being regarded as having such an impairment.

A) Ageism
B) Bigotry
C) Dissonance
D) Disability

Question 69

Which of the following is often mentioned as a way to make the workplace friendlier to female employees?

A) Bilingual employee manuals
B) Flexible work arrangements
C) Special equipment and training
D) Employee loyalty programs

Question 70

Which of the following statements is true about nonverbal communication?

A) Nonverbal communication is the basis of communication that supervisors have with others.
B) Nonverbal communication deems it important to rely on generalizations about culture.
C) Nonverbal communication seldom occurs without some accompanying words.
D) Nonverbal communication reflects the real complexity of any individual or foreign culture.

Question 71

What does a supervisor require to build on the advantages of diversity in a company?

A) Ability to allot work based on preconceived judgments
B) Effective communication that bridges cultural differences
C) Skillful stereotyping when dealing with racial differences
D) Ability to form generalized, fixed images of others

Question 72

Which of the following is an advantage of diversity for a business organization?

A) Increase in groupthink
B) Increase in instances of the glass ceiling effect
C) Reduction of communication-related problems
D) Reduction in employee turnover

Question 73

Which of the following is an advantage of diversity for an individual supervisor?

A) Enhanced communication skills
B) Increased productivity
C) Increased employee turnover
D) Greater innovation

Question 74

Despite the risks of stereotypes and awkward comments,diversity training is especially important for supervisors,because:

A) they are responsible for making strategic decisions.
B) they interact directly with employees.
C) they need to improve their technical skills.
D) they generally lack interpersonal skills.

Question 75

_____,born between 1981 and 1995,tend to be optimistic and enthusiastic,and they expect that their managers will be eager to act as mentors.

A) Generation Y employees
B) Generation X employees
C) The Millennials
D) The Baby Boomers

Question 76

Which of the following is true about a bona fide occupational qualification?

A) It enables people with disabilities to find employment.
B) It is an objective characteristic required for an individual to perform a job properly.
C) It prevents any age-related discrimination at work.
D) It is a subjective criterion that employers use to select employees.

Question 77

Which of the following is needed to raise employee awareness of multiculturalism and help reduce such barriers to success as prejudice and stereotypes?

A) Emphasis on nonverbal communication
B) Team-building activities
C) Formal diversity training
D) English speaking courses for nonnatives

Question 78

What should supervisors do to effectively communicate while managing diversity?

A) They should make assumptions in communications with others.
B) They must think before communicating.
C) They should avoid checking for understanding as it is impractical.
D) They must become an expert in other cultures.

Question 79

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967)makes it illegal to:

A) allow a senior employee to retire voluntarily before the acceptable retirement age.
B) fail to hire, or fire, on the basis of age.
C) deny older workers training that will help them advance their careers.
D) have a requirement for a bona fide occupational qualification.

Question 80

A company that provides diversity training to its supervisors is most likely to benefit from:

A) a more resilient workforce.
B) conventional work processes.
C) a bureaucratic team structure.
D) centralized decision making.