Deck 27: Maintaining the Internal Environment

Question 1

In a homeostatic system,the integrating center executes changes to compensate for deviations from a set point.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

In the mammalian nephron,blood flows into a specialized capillary network called the ______________,and components of the blood plasma are filtered out.

A) Bowman's capsule
B) glomerulus
C) protonephridium
D) loop of Henle

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the waste product of fish?

A) Urea
B) Ammonia
C) Uric acid
D) Urine

Answer 3

B

Question 4

All vertebrates other than mammals are ectothermic.

Question 5

All of the following are endothermic except

A) rattlesnakes.
B) rabbits.
C) pigeon.
D) mice.
E) turkey.

Question 6

Which of the following is not part of the normal glomerular filtrate?

A) Blood cells
B) Glucose
C) Amino acids
D) Ions
E) Water

Question 7

When blood sugar is low,______ from the pancreas stimulates the breakdown of _______ in the liver.

A) insulin;glycogen
B) glycogen;glucose
C) glucagon;glycogen
D) insulin;glucagons
E) glucagons;protein

Question 8

Which simple excretory structure is present in the flatworm?

A) Malpighian tubules
B) Nephridia
C) Nephron
D) Protonephridia

Question 9

The dynamic constancy of the internal environment of animals,in which conditions such as temperature,pH,and nutrient concentrations are kept within narrow limits,is termed

A) negative feedback loop.
B) the set point.
C) osmoregulation.
D) homeostasis.

Question 10

By what means does Paramecium remove metabolic wastes?

A) With a flame cell
B) With a contractile vacuole
C) With Malpighian tubules
D) With a nephron

Question 11

Mammals and birds can produce urine that is ____________,such that wastes are excreted in a small volume of water.

A) isotonic
B) hypertonic
C) hypotonic

Question 12

The filtering device at the top of each nephron is called a

A) loop of Henle.
B) ureter.
C) Bowman's capsule.
D) collecting duct.

Question 13

Which excretory organs are found in insects?

A) Malpighian tubules
B) Nephridia
C) Nephrons
D) Protonephridia

Question 14

Where does selective reabsorption of components of the glomerular filtrate occur?

A) Bowman's capsule
B) Glomerulus
C) Loop of Henle
D) Collecting duct

Question 15

Reptiles,birds,and insects excrete nitrogenous wastes in the form of

A) urea.
B) ammonia.
C) uric acid.
D) urine.

Question 16

Which organism does not contain kidneys?

A) Beetle
B) Hummingbird
C) Lizard
D) Shark
E) Rabbit

Question 17

Which nutrient,when metabolized for energy,produces nitrogenous wastes?

A) Amino acids
B) Carbohydrates
C) Lipids
D) Vitamins
E) Minerals

Question 18

What type of animal uses Malpighian tubules for excretion?

A) Flatworms
B) Insects
C) Mammals
D) Earthworms

Question 19

Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas to lower high blood glucose levels?

A) Insulin
B) Glycogen
C) Glucagon
D) Adrenaline
E) Antidiruetic hormone

Question 20

Which organ detects and responds to changes in blood glucose levels?

A) Liver
B) Gallbladder
C) Thymus
D) Pancreas
E) Thyroid

Question 21

Explain how the Bowman's capsule works.

Question 22

In flatworms,protonephridia branch throughout the body into bulblike _______________.

Question 23

Some mammals,like the kangaroo rat of the desert,have extremely long loops of Henle in their kidneys.What purpose must this serve?

Question 24

In humans,osmoregulation of the blood plasma and the elimination of toxic nitrogenous wastes from the blood is accomplished by organs called the ____________.

Question 25

Annelid invertebrates have excretory structures called nephridia.

Question 26

________________ is the filtrate left in the collecting duct to be expelled from the body after the kidney has reabsorbed needed nutrients and water.

Question 27

The regulation of the body's osmotic composition is called __________________.

Question 28

The ureter carries urine to the outside of the body.

Question 29

The _____________ is the functional unit of the kidney that performs the functions of filtration,reabsorption,and secretion.

Question 30

When human body temperature gets too high,the hypothalamus responds by causing blood vessels to constrict.

Question 31

Filtrate passes through the proximal tubule of the nephron before the distal tubule.

Question 32

In a type of homeostatic control system called a ____________,a response that changes a condition back toward the set point causes the integrating center to stop directing effectors to produce that response.