Deck 22: Revolutions in the West, 1750 - 1830

Question 1

 Joseph Brant,a Mohawk,was a British ally in the American War of Independence because

A)he had been an ally against the French in the Seven Years' War. 
B)the British recognized Mohawk sovereignty.
C)he was a trade partner of the British but not the colonists.
D)colonists had killed his wife and children.
E)he was concerned that slavery might be extended to Amerindians.

Answer 1

he had been an ally against the French in the Seven Years' War. 

Question 2

 During his trip to Europe,Bolivar visited Rome but spent most of his time in what center of intellectual Enlightenment thought?

A)Vienna.
B)Paris.
C)London.
D)Prague.
E)Madrid.

Answer 2

Paris.

Question 3

 Which of the following statements is true?

A)The Stamp Act was primarily a tax to pay for colonial defense.
B)The East India Company had a monopoly on tea sold to the colonies.
C)England tried to limit colonial trade with the West Indies.
D)Colonists resorted to smuggling to avoid British mercantilist laws.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Answer 3

All of the answers are correct.

Question 4

 British allies in the colonies included

A)free African Americans.
B)members of the Franklin family.
C)Loyalists.
D)Amerindians.
E)All of these

Question 5

 Which of the following revolutions inspired Bolívar the most to act as a liberator?

A)French.
B)Russian.
C)Italian.
D)Haitian.
E)English.

Question 6

 Latin American and Caribbean revolutionaries believed that prejudice and tradition would give way to rationality and reason which would produce

A)new economic systems that would favor the poor.
B)a classless society based on skill.
C)indigenous monarchies including one for Bolivar.
D)new political and social systems that would guarantee liberty.
E)a political system completely free of peninsular and native-born Spaniards.

Question 7

 On April 19,1775,the first shots of the American Revolution occurred in

A)Boston,Massachusetts.
B)Boston Harbor.
C)New York.
D)Concord,Massachusetts.
E)Philadelphia.

Question 8

 The American Declaration of Independence,written by Thomas Jefferson,is based on the theory of government espoused by

A)Locke.
B)Hobbes.
C)Descartes.
D)Montesquieu.
E)Newton.

Question 9

 At the end of Bolívar's life,a biographer described his life as one of "liberation and

A)failure."
B)ultimate success."
C)dictatorship."
D)disappointment."
E)enlightenment."

Question 10

 What did Bolivar have in common with George Washington,in addition to leading a revolution for independence?

A)Both dreamed of becoming kings.
B)Both were slave owners.
C)Both had been educated in Europe.
D)Both died penniless and in disgrace.
E)Both failed in their first attempts at revolution.

Question 11

Which American document best illustrated and expressed the fundamental principles of the Enlightenment?

A)Colonial charters.
B)Declaration of Independence.
C)Constitution.
D)Franco-American Treaty.
E)Treaty of Paris.

Question 12

 The Declaration of Independence goes beyond the Enlightenment idea of popular sovereignty because it asserts which of the following?

A)Rebellion is never an accepted reaction to poor government.
B)Government military action is sometimes necessary to provide for security.
C)Political despotism will be the result of colonial unrest.
D)A people can throw off a government and provide new securities for their future existence.
E)All males,regardless of property ownership,should have right to participate in political affairs.

Question 13

 Freed African-Americans were usually loyalists for the British because Jefferson and Washington were slave-owners and the British

A)promised them citizenship.
B)had outlawed slavery.
C)promised them free land.
D)convinced them to not trust the colonists.
E)promised to send them back to Africa.

Question 14

 The line drawn in the Proclamation of 1763 was a great annoyance to the American colonies because it

A)placed a western limit on colonial expansion.
B)moved the Canadian border into Massachusetts territory.
C)created a zone that had to be defended by colonial militia.
D)placed a western limit on colonial expansion into Canada.
E)created an Indian state in the Ohio Valley.

Question 15

 After the French and Indian War,the British were faced with

A)a slave revolt in the original British colonies.
B)problems with American attacks into Canadian territory.
C)American attacks on British forts on the Great Lakes.
D)Native American uprisings in the Ohio Valley.
E)a possible alliance between the French and Americans over Canada.

Question 16

 While overlooking Rome in the summer of 1805,Simón Bolívar swore to aid his nation in breaking its chains with

A)Portugal.
B)Cuba.
C)Spain.
D)America.
E)Britain.

Question 17

 The Continental Congress of 1775 was the result of which of the following? 

A)suspension of the Massachusetts Charter.
B)disbanding the Massachusetts legislature.
C)all of the answers are correct.
D)organization of colonial militias.
E)assigning a British governor over the Massachusetts colony.

Question 18

 An enlightened document,the American Constitution (1787),provided an example of

A)an enlightened monarchy.
B)a classless society.
C)limited yet effective government.
D)constitutional monarchy.
E)laissez-faire.

Question 19

 Acclaimed throughout South America as a liberator,Bolívar was born in what part of that region?

A)Bolivia.
B)Mexico.
C)Ecuador.
D)Venezuela.
E)Nicaragua.

Question 20

 In what year did Bolívar drive the Spanish out of Peru,fulfilling an oath he made in Rome?

A)1800.
B)1812.
C)1824.
D)1850.
E)1875.

Question 21

 Which of the following is associated with the actions of the National Assembly after being recognized by Louis XVI?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Declaration of the principle of equality.
C)Eliminating the special prerogatives of the nobility.
D)Abolishing serfdom.
E)Eliminating all feudal obligations of the peasantry.

Question 22

 Which of the following statements,associated with the rule of Louis XVI,is true?

A)Wars had emptied the French treasury.
B)The common people were burdened with taxes.
C)Nobles lived in luxury,at the expense of the king,and paid no taxes.
D)All of the answers are correct. 
E)Upon taking the throne,Louis XVI was one of the most powerful men in the world.

Question 23

 The work of the Legislative Assembly in 1792 was interrupted by a fear that

A)the peasants would kill the king.
B)Austria might invade France.
C)Louis' army captured the regiments in Boston.
D)the Revolution would fall from lack of ownership.
E)the Catholic Church would excommunicate all members of the Third estate.

Question 24

 American advantages during the war included

A)women.
B)rural populations.
C)all of the answers are correct. 
D)George Washington.
E)the French.

Question 25

 The Americans gained the alliance of France after the surprising victory in 1777 at

A)Bunker Hill.
B)Saratoga.
C)Yorktown.
D)Valley Forge.
E)None of these

Question 26

 In the French Revolution,women

A)played a significant role.
B)were denied equality.
C)were led by Olympe de Gouges,who claimed women were controlled by the perpetual tyranny of men.
D)claimed that their rights should be reformed as a result of laws of nature and reason.
E)All of these

Question 27

 The Treaty of Paris (1783)

A)increased the power of the colonial governments.
B)gave Canada back to the French in exchange for Louisiana.
C)increased the size of the new American nation by adding the Louisiana territory.
D)recognized the independence of the American colonies by the British.
E)while recognizing the independence of America,freed the slaves in the southern colonies.

Question 28

 Robespierre had been deeply influenced by the philosophy of

A)Rousseau.
B)Locke.
C)Hobbes.
D)Thomas Jefferson.
E)Montesquieu.

Question 29

 The most important and decisive act of the French during the American Revolutionary war was that they

A)supplied weapons to the American army.
B)cut off with their navy an escape route for the British at Yorktown.
C)diverted some of the British action because they threatened the British fleet.
D)gave a boost to American morale.
E)supplied soldiers to Washington's army.

Question 30

 One of the biggest failures of the Constitutional Convention was the inability to resolve the issue of

A)women's rights.
B)indigenous people's property rights.
C)religious freedom.
D)balanced state and federal powers.
E)slavery.

Question 31

 The Estates General could not be considered a fair or democratic assembly of the French people because

A)the church had the power of the pope.
B)no member of the French society below the class of noble could participate.
C)the First and Second Estates voted together and canceled out any vote from the Third Estate.
D)the king could count on the vote of the First and Second Estates.
E)the Third Estate was considered to be a more liberal-radical body.

Question 32

 Which of the following statements,associated with opposition to the Jacobins,is true?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Foreign monarchies planned war on France.
C)Thousands of Catholics died opposing Jacobin attacks on the Church.
D)The bourgeoisie opposed the seizure of private property.
E)People in the provinces resented the radicalism they associated with Paris.

Question 33

 The final stage of the French Revolution involved

A)radical republicanism.
B)constitutional monarchy.
C)the guillotine.
D)absolute monarchy.
E)the rule of Napoleon.

Question 34

 Which of the following features of the American Constitution would not be considered democratic today?

A)Having compromise at its core.
B)As a system of checks and balances,which control the government.
C)As having a Bill of Rights added to guarantee civil liberties.
D)Limiting voting rights to property owners and not allowing women to vote.
E)Allocating the number of representatives in the House of Representatives by population.

Question 35

 "When the rights of mankind were better understood and more clearly defined,than at any former period" was the description of the new nation following the American Revolution.The author of this quote is

A)Thomas Jefferson.
B)Benjamin Franklin.
C)John Locke.
D)Thomas Hobbes.
E)George Washington.

Question 36

 The pace of the French Revolution was changed by

A)the reaction of the church and pope.
B)the violent actions of the poor.
C)militant reaction of the nobles.
D)the king,who called for military action to suppress the National Assembly.
E)support of the National Assembly by the army.

Question 37

 The original goal of the National Assembly was to

A)depose the king.
B)create a government identical to the American government.
C)create a constitutional monarchy.
D)create a classless society.
E)give rights to women.

Question 38

 The one important result of the Jacobin rule was

A)to prevent the return of the monarchy of Louis XVI.
B)to provide full rights for women.
C)securing the republic against Austrian and Prussian invasion.
D)getting the support from the new American republic.
E)protection of the church.

Question 39

 The difficulty the French Revolution faced in implementing the ideals of the Enlightenment came from which of following?

A)church.
B)all of the answers are correct. 
C)other monarchies.
D)aristocracy.
E)France's monarchy.

Question 40

 Which of the following describes the normal relationship of the French landowner and his peasant?

A)Justice for the peasants came from courts presided over by the lords.
B)Peasants had to donate free labor to cultivating the lord's estates.
C)All of the answers are correct. 
D)Sometimes becoming violent,peasants burned estates to the ground.
E)The lord could charge any price he wanted for grinding the peasants' wheat into flour.

Question 41

 Who of the following was associated with leading wars of rebellion for Latin American independence?

A)O'Higgins.
B)Father Hildago.
C)San Martin.
D)Bolívar.
E)All of the are correct. 

Question 42

 Why did the Amerindians of the high Andes refuse to ally with Bolívar?

A)Tupac Amaru II had been savagely executed by the Spanish.
B)The Spanish had given them permission to speak Quechua.
C)They had been able to resist assimilation by the Spanish by avoiding any contact with the Spanish.
D)The Andes Amerindians were more concerned with their own autonomy than with the independence of nations.
E)They saw Bolívar as just another local Spanish official seeking power from the peninsulares.

Question 43

 Which of the following,associated with the National Convention of 1795-1799,is true?

A)The National Convention created a new constitution with limited electorate and separation of powers.
B)A Directory was formed as the executive body of the government.
C)Jacobins attempted to restore their power.
D)All of the answers are correct.
E)Monarchists attempted to restore the Bourbon dynasty.

Question 44

 Which of the following statements is associated with the situation in the French colony of Saint Domingue?

A)Tobacco was the main export of the colony.
B)All of the slaves in the colony were a mixture of Africans and indigenous peoples.
C)French planters sought province status for the colony.
D)Abolition of slavery would bring the economy of the colony to a halt.
E)Hearing about the instability of France,slave rebellions were on the rise.

Question 45

Please define the following key terms.

- Seven Years' War

Question 46

Please define the following key terms.

- Simon Bolivar

Question 47

 To achieve success in the quest for independence,Latin-American revolutionary leaders needed to

A)deport all peninsulares.
B)eliminate all successors to the Spanish throne.
C)gain the support of people mixed descent and of color.
D)eliminate the potential power of the mestizos.
E)look to support from Napoleon.

Question 48

 Which of the following is associated with Napoleon?

A)He was unpopular with the general French population.
B)Like Augustus of the Roman Empire,he refused the title of emperor.
C)Protestantism became the national religion of France.
D)The remainder of the aristocracy were forced to leave France.
E)The Bank of France was created to stabilize the financial condition of the government.

Question 49

 Historians see the Napoleonic era as the origin of modern nationalism which includes ties of 

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Language. 
C)Culture. 
D)History. 
E)Patriotism. 

Question 50

 Which of the following is associated with the end of Napoleonic France?

A)All of the answers are correct. 
B)Napoleon reformed his army after his escapes from exile.
C)A combined force of British and Prussian soldiers ended Napoleon's reign at Waterloo.
D)The French monarchy was restored with the accession of Louis XVIII.
E)The end of Napoleon's life was in exile.

Question 51

 Napoleon's successful military conquests did not include

A)Austria.
B)Spain.
C)Russia.
D)Prussia.
E)Portugal.

Question 52

 Napoleon's actions in the Iberian Peninsula caused which of the following reactions? 

A)the Spanish king was forced to abdicate.
B)Portugal's king fled to Brazil where a monarchy was established.
C)All of the answers are correct.
D)Loyal Latin-American Spaniards formed juntas to rule until the Spanish throne was returned.
E)Republicans like Bolivar saw the opportunity to gain complete independence.

Question 53

 The Virgin of Guadalupe became a symbol of justice in what country's revolution?

A)Venezuela.
B)Mexico.
C)Peru.
D)Colombia.
E)Haiti.

Question 54

 The first South American country to declare its independence from Spain was

A)Venezuela.
B)Bolivia.
C)Mexico.
D)Haiti.
E)Peru.

Question 55

 In the Andean region of Peru,the Amerindian uprising was led by Tupac Amaru II who had

A)partnered with Bolivar to liberate the Andes footpaths.
B)been educated by Jesuits.
C)watched his wife and family of small do's and don't.
D)wanted to found a new Incan nation.
E)been born in Spain but moved to a colony.

Question 56

Please define the following key terms.

- Concord

Question 57

 Which of the following statements,associated with Napoleon's invasion of Russia,is true?

A)The Russian army was an able military force in repulsing the French invasion.
B)French forces were especially equipped to survive the Russian winter.
C)The Russian czar was captured in St.Petersburg.
D)Many of the Russians joined the French in overthrowing the Russian monarchy.
E)As a result of both climate and Russian actions,the French had nothing to claim as a prize after entering Moscow.

Question 58

 The massive levy of conscripts,needed to protect France from invasion,resulted in

A)creating the largest army in Europe.
B)turning the government of the Jacobins into an expansionist mode.
C)creating a strong sense of nationalism,amongst the peasants..
D)the rise of the army against the Jacobins.
E)the dismal failure to push back the Austrian and Prussian invasion.

Question 59

 Which of the following,in consideration of the causes of the wars of independence in Latin America,was true?

A)Consideration for the ideals of the Enlightenment was an important inspiration.
B)The results of the revolutions in America,France,and Haiti gave hope for success.
C)Revolutionary leaders feared radicalism and violence.
D)Independence from Spain was not the sole goal.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 60

 Unlike the uprising in Venezuela,the revolution in Mexico was led by

A)mestizo and Indian peasants.
B)wealthy criolles.
C)disgruntled colonial administrators.
D)peninsulares in exile.
E)women.

Question 61

Please define the following key terms.

- Stamp Act of 1765

Question 62

Please define the following key terms.

- Thomas Jefferson

Question 63

Please define the following key terms.

- Jacobins

Question 64

Please define the following key terms.

- Constitutional Convention

Question 65

Please define the following key terms.

- Olympe de Gouges

Question 66

Please define the following key terms.

- Articles of Confederation

Question 67

Please define the following key terms.

- Louis XVI

Question 68

Please define the following key terms.

- Maximilien Robespierre

Question 69

Please define the following key terms.

- Reign of Terror

Question 70

Please define the following key terms.

- George Washington

Question 71

Please define the following key terms.

- National Convention

Question 72

Please define the following key terms.

- Bill of Rights

Question 73

Please define the following key terms.

- Estates-General

Question 74

Please define the following key terms.

- Boston Tea Party

Question 75

Please define the following key terms.

- Declaration of Independence

Question 76

Please define the following key terms.

- Proclamation of 1763

Question 77

Please define the following key terms.

- Continental Congress

Question 78

Please define the following key terms.

- Joseph Brant

Question 79

Please define the following key terms.

- Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

Question 80

Please define the following key terms.

- Third Estate