Deck 8: Using Health Services

Question 1

The _____ model is important because it lends coherence to a person's comprehension of the illness experience.

A)commonsense
B)health belief
C)Illness
D)transtheoretical

Answer 1

commonsense

Question 2

Which of the following best describes time line?

A)It refers to the length of time that an illness is expected to last.
B)It refers to the symptoms, the treatments, and their implications for quality of life.
C)It refers to a person's belief that an illness can be managed or cured through appropriate actions and treatments.
D)It refers to how well beliefs hang together in a cogent representation of the disorder.

Answer 2

It refers to the length of time that an illness is expected to last.

Question 3

Sam is suffering from flu which is believed to be viral.Although, it is a common illness and does not hold any long-term consequences, she has been advised to take complete bed rest.Which of the following models of illness best describes Sam's condition?

A)Terminal illness
B)Cyclic illness
C)Acute illness
D)Chronic illness

Answer 3

Acute illness

Question 4

Accelerated heartbeat and fatigue are typical physiological changes related to _____.

A)stress
B)mood
C)situational factors
D)attentional differences

Question 5

One component of illness schemas involves perceptions of the range of symptoms, treatments associated with a particular disease, and its implications for quality of life.This component refers to the _____ of the disease.

A)identity
B)consequence
C)cure
D)cause

Question 6

The _____ model of illness is represented by alternating periods of either no symptoms or many symptoms.

A)acute
B)chronic
C)cyclic
D)terminal

Question 7

Symptoms are more likely to be detected when:

A)situations are interesting and motivating.
B)the environment is highly distracting.
C)attention is directed toward the body.
D)attention is directed by vigorous physical activity.

Question 8

Paul lives alone, he has very few friends, and he is unhappy with his work life.He constantly complains of back pains and headaches.He is very distracted and finds it difficult to relax and introspect.Which of the following factors in recognizing symptoms does Paul exemplify?

A)Individual differences
B)Attentional differences
C)Situational factors
D)Mood fluctuations

Question 9

The label for an illness is its _____.

A)consequence
B)cause
C)cure
D)identity

Question 10

Coherent conceptions of illness are acquired from:

A)the fear of fatality from an illness.
B)those who are unaware about a disorder.
C)those who have had experience with a similar disorder.
D)individuals who self-prescribe medication.

Question 11

Illness schemas are acquired through:

A)financial strain, disruptions in personal relationships, and other stressors that lead people to believe they are ill.
B)fewer illness-related memories and fewer symptoms.
C)people's interpretations of their symptoms and their decisions to seek treatment.
D)commonsense beliefs about symptoms and illnesses that result in organized illness representations.

Question 12

A symptom is likely to prompt seeking treatment if:

A)it can be cured easily.
B)mobility is unaffected.
C)the pain is insignificant.
D)it affects a valued organ.

Question 13

The herpes disease is best characterized by the _____ model of illness.

A)acute
B)chronic
C)cyclic
D)terminal

Question 14

Bruce has been feeling increasingly fatigued even if he exerts mildly.He discussed his condition with his neighbor, Sam, who also suffers from a similar problem.Sam told him that a mega dose of vitamin B complex is very helpful in eradicating the symptoms.Bruce tried Sam's remedy and found that his condition is gradually improving.This is an example of _____.

A)traditional medicine
B)self-care
C)disease prototype
D)lay referral network

Question 15

_____ is believed to be caused by multiple factors including health habits and is long in duration with severe consequences.

A)Terminal illness
B)Acute illness
C)Chronic illness
D)Cyclic illness

Question 16

After each chapter in Dr.Woldt's Psychology of Abnormal Behavior class, several students tell him about similar symptoms that they experienced during the week.This phenomenon is called the _____.

A)fibrocystic disease
B)Hodgkin's disease
C)disease carrier syndrome
D)medical students' disease

Question 17

_____ are convinced that normal bodily symptoms are indicators of illness.

A)Dysthymiacs
B)Dyspareuniacs
C)Hypochondriacs
D)Agliophobiacs

Question 18

Psychological and physiological symptoms of premenstruation are highest:

A)five to six days before menstruation.
B)seven to eight days before menstruation.
C)one to two days before menstruation.
D)three to four days before menstruation.

Question 19

_____ is a form of cancer that involves progressive infection and enlargement of the lymph nodes.

A)The cryptogenic disease
B)The June Bug disease
C)The fibrocystic disease
D)The Hodgkin's disease

Question 20

Medical students' disease is an example of the role of _____ in the recognition of symptoms.

A)individual differences
B)mood fluctuations
C)attentional differences
D)situational factors

Question 21

The biggest gap between the rich and the poor in the use of medical services is reflected in:

A)budget cuts which have restricted access to Medicare programs.
B)the use of preventive health services.
C)the use of the lay referral networks.
D)the availability of emergency care services.

Question 22

Medicare is the federally administered system of health insurance available to the _____.

A)disabled
B)ethnic minority
C)elderly
D)underprivileged

Question 23

Women use health care services more often because:

A)their medical care is more fragmented.
B)health care is cheaper for women.
C)the government has mandated regular health check-ups for women.
D)they are more prone to acquiring terminal diseases than men.

Question 24

_____ complaints usually develop due to anxiety and depression.

A)Medical
B)Nonmedical
C)Abrasive
D)Lay

Question 25

Young children are more likely to use health services often because:

A)it is more affordable and well-organized.
B)their bodily functions are not fully functional.
C)underweight babies need to reach normal weight.
D)they develop a number of infectious diseases.

Question 26

Which of the following is true of psychologically based complaints?

A)It is always accompanied by physical illness.
B)It requires very few hospital stays.
C)It is characterized by speedy recovery.
D)It requires multiple visits to the therapist.

Question 27

Women are known to have better homeostatic mechanisms than men because:

A)men are more sensitive to bodily disruptions.
B)women are oblivious to new smells.
C)men experience temperature changes more rapidly.
D)women report pain earlier.

Question 28

The health belief model best predicts the treatment seeking behavior of:

A)people who have been serving in the armed forces.
B)people lacking resources and health care services.
C)people who belong to certain ethnic minorities.
D)people with money and access to health services.

Question 29

Factors that an individual believes give rise to an illness is known as its _____.

A)control
B)consequence
C)cause
D)identity

Question 30

The usage of the Internet for health care information may be beneficial because:

A)it is used by physicians to update their own knowledge on health care.
B)it constitutes a lay referral network of its own.
C)it is the most accurate source of information.
D)it is easier to get appropriate treatment information from the Internet than the physician.

Question 31

The Affordable Care Act attempts to:

A)form medical unions to protest against poor medical care provided to the underprivileged.
B)standardize hospital management and medical care practices throughout the U.S.
C)provide medicines at subsidized rates.
D)bridge the gap between medical services used by the rich and the poor.

Question 32

Which of the following symptoms is most likely to occur just before the onset of menstruation?

A)Color blindness
B)Sore throat
C)Swollen breasts
D)Abnormal binging

Question 33

Medicaid is the federally administered system of health insurance available to the _____.

A)disabled
B)ethnic minority
C)elderly
D)underprivileged

Question 34

Certain ethnic communities incorporate beliefs about the causes and cures of diseases that would be regarded as supernatural or superstitious by traditional medicine.This is characteristic of the _____.

A)home remedial technique
B)commonsense model of illness
C)health belief model
D)lay referral network

Question 35

A person's belief that an illness can be managed or cured through appropriate actions and treatments is termed as _____.

A)cause
B)identity
C)consequence
D)control

Question 36

Which of the following is the greatest disadvantage of using the Internet for health care information?

A)The site might not be suitable to provide information on treating human illnesses.
B)The illness could get worse with inaccurate information.
C)The Internet could be slow and deprive an individual of information.
D)The Internet could lead to a virus attack in the entire system.

Question 37

The frequency of illness and use of health services declines substantially during _____.

A)childhood
B)young adulthood
C)middle age
D)old age

Question 38

Which of the following is a likely cause for misinterpreting health information?

A)The patient's conceptions of an illness are incorrect and so are the health care providers' conceptions.
B)The patient's conceptions of an illness are not similar to that of the health care provider.
C)The patient is uninformed about the illness and has to agree with the health care providers suggestions.
D)The health care provider is not very sure about the kind of treatment for a particular illness.

Question 39

Maria is a 70 year old woman.She has not had much formal education but is regarded as highly knowledgeable with regard to illnesses, childbirth, and traditional medicine.Since she has personal wisdom in medical matters, she is known to be a _____.

A)medical specialist
B)lay practitioner
C)community nurse
D)social worker

Question 40

The greatest influencing factor in the use of health care services:

A)is one's educational qualification.
B)is one's parents.
C)is the community.
D)is one's religious beliefs.

Question 41

Medical delay is characterized by the delay in between scheduling and _____.

A)recovery
B)cure
C)diagnosis
D)treatment

Question 42

Brandon blacks out very frequently, has severe headaches, and has chronic body pain.Brandon is not very comfortable visiting the doctor.Since his symptoms surface only once or twice a month, he carelessly dismisses them and does not want to consult with a physician.Which of the following behaviors is Brandon displaying?

A)Abnormal behavior
B)Treatment seeking behavior
C)Delay behavior
D)Health behavior

Question 43

Illness delay is the:

A)time it takes an individual to decide that a symptom is serious.
B)time between the recognition that a symptom implies an illness and the decision to seek treatment.
C)time between deciding to seek treatment and actually doing so.
D)time that elapses between a person calling for an appointment and receiving appropriate medical care.

Question 44

Lydia is experiencing severe stomach pains.Last week, she found blood in her urine.She feels fatigue, and is increasingly unable to carry on with her daily routine.She has been researching about her symptoms on the Internet, and most of her symptoms indicate that she may be at an early stage of developing a cancerous tumor.She concluded that she requires treatment but has not visited a doctor yet.Which of the following delay behaviors is Lydia displaying?

A)Behavioral delay
B)Appraisal delay
C)Illness delay
D)Medical delay

Question 45

_____ is known as the time it takes an individual to decide that a symptom is serious.

A)Illness delay
B)Appraisal delay
C)Behavioral delay
D)Medical delay

Question 46

The detection of symptoms, their interpretation, and the use of health services are heavily influenced by the _____ process.

A)ossification
B)social
C)psychological
D)physical

Question 47

Physicians are more likely to dismiss legitimate medical problems as psychological disturbances among _____.

A)adolescents
B)women
C)men
D)children

Question 48

Women tend to minimize naturally fluctuating bodily states when they are premenstrual.

Question 49

Rachel is diagnosed with Typhoid.The doctor wanted her to get admitted immediately, so he could start treatment on her.Rachel got admitted to the hospital a week back.Although, she has been diagnosed, she is still undergoing various tests.She is not yet on medication, and her condition has only been deteriorating.Rachel's case exemplifies _____ delay.

A)illness
B)appraisal
C)behavioral
D)medical

Question 50

Leyon is a construction worker.He has been noticing blood whenever he passes motion and is also experiencing pain.However, he is not sure of his diagnoses and has not decided if he requires treatment.Which of the following delay behaviors is Leyon displaying?

A)Behavioral delay
B)Appraisal delay
C)Illness delay
D)Medical delay

Question 51

Robert noticed that his urine was pale pink.His first thought was about what he had eaten the previous day, and then it occurred to him that it may also be due to something unrelated to his diet.Robert's case exemplifies _____ delay.

A)illness
B)appraisal
C)behavioral
D)medical

Question 52

Which of the following is the first stage of delay in seeking treatment?

A)Appraisal delay
B)Illness delay
C)Behavioral delay
D)Medical delay

Question 53

In which of the following conditions is delay in seeking treatment likely to be appropriate?

A)When the symptoms are progressing at a very slow pace
B)When the symptoms are likely to diminish on their own
C)When the symptoms are debilitating for weeks
D)When the lay referral network is unable to help

Question 54

Symptoms that are painful are more likely to prompt a person to seek medical treatment.

Question 55

The notion that illness may actually be reinforcing because it exempts the individual from daily responsibilities is termed as _____.

A)schemas
B)lay referrals
C)secondary gains
D)primary gains

Question 56

People who are anxious or neurotic are more likely to recognize physical symptoms and worry about them without seeking treatment.

Question 57

In most cases, if delay occurs due to the health care providers it is because of a(n) _____.

A)honest mistake
B)irresponsible behavior
C)under qualified physician
D)outdated equipment

Question 58

A study in the Annals of Internal Medicine suggested that physicians begin all their patient interviews with:

A)direct questions.
B)online screening.
C)drug administration.
D)physical examinations.

Question 59

People's awareness of their internal physiological state is remarkably accurate.

Question 60

Common disorders are generally regarded as less serious than are rare or distinctive risk factors or disorders.

Question 61

Explain the usage of health services with respect to the social psychological factors.

Question 62

Physicians estimate that as much as half their time is taken up by patients whose complaints are psychological rather than medical.

Question 63

People's conceptions of illness are usually similar, and they can greatly influence behavior related to a disease.

Question 64

People sometimes abuse health services by complaining about problems that are medically insignificant.

Question 65

Delay is more common among people who have regular contact with a physician.

Question 66

Describe the four stages of delay behavior.What are the likely causes of delay?

Question 67

Explain the factors that facilitate in recognizing health related symptoms.

Question 68

How prevalent is the utilization of health care services for nonmedical complaints?

Question 69

Briefly explain the categories of people who use health services.

Question 70

A study in the Annals of Internal Medicine suggested that physicians begin all their patient interactions using electronic mails.