Deck 8: Cellular Reproduction

Question 1

Cancer can best be described as

A)cells from one organ invading another.
B)cells which divide too slowly.
C)cells which can no longer divide.
D)uncontrolled cell division.
E)foreign cells attacking an organ.

Answer 1

D
Explanation: Cancer is uncontrolled cell division.Uncontrolled growth leading to a tumor is characteristic of multicellular cell dividing organisms.

Question 2

If an animal leg cell has 50 chromosomes,then what is haploid number of this species?

A)25 chromosomes
B)100 chromosomes
C)50 chromosomes
D)50 pairs of chromosomes
E)25 pairs of chromosomes

Answer 2

A
Explanation: Animal cells are diploid (2n),so the haploid (1n)number would be half that number.

Question 3

If you observed the sister chromatids separating during cell division,what phase of mitosis would you be observing?

A)metaphase
B)cytokinesis
C)telophase
D)anaphase
E)prophase

Answer 3

D
Explanation: During anaphase,sister chromatids separate and become chromosomes.

Question 4

Figure:
This figure shows the cell cycle.What does "c" represent?

A)Mitosis
B)Cytokinesis
C)G₁
D)Interphase
E)S

Question 5

Figure:
This figure shows the cell cycle.What does "e" represent?

A)Interphase
B)G₁
C)S
D)Cytokinesis
E)Mitosis

Question 6

What material is seen when examining a chromosome in its relaxed form?

A)chromatin
B)chromatids
C)centromeres
D)centrosomes
E)cytokinesis

Question 7

Which option associates a type of animal cell with the genetic condition of another kind of animal cell?

A)somatic cells-diploid
B)somatic cells-haploid
C)somatic cells-triploid
D)gamete cells-haploid
E)gamete cells-triploid

Question 8

If a diploid parent cell undergoes mitosis,then afterwards there will be

A)four haploid daughter cells
B)two haploid daughter cells
C)two diploid daughter cells
D)one haploid daughter cell and one diploid daughter cell
E)four diploid daughter cells

Question 9

What is the proper order of events in the cell cycle?

A)G₁,G₂,M,S
B)G₁,G₂,S,M
C)M,G₁,G₂,S
D)G₁,S,G₂,M
E)G₁,M,G₂,S

Question 10

During _______________,the nuclear envelope disappears,and the chromosomes become distinct.

A)telophase
B)prophase
C)interphase
D)metaphase
E)anaphase

Question 11

A cell spends most of its time in which of the following phases?

A)G₁
B)S
C)G₂
D)Interphase
E)Mitosis

Question 12

Which of these reasons for cell divison goes beyond the normal requirements for it?

A)to make new immune cells when the organism is sick
B)to replace old cells
C)to make extra copies of DNA to store for later use
D)to make new cells as the organism grows
E)to repair damaged tissue

Question 13

What is the significance of the G₁ check point?

A)If the cell doesn't pass the G₁ checkpoint,it will become cancer.
B)If the cell doesn't pass the G₁ checkpoint,it is committed to divide.
C)If the cell passes the G₁ checkpoint,it is committed to divide.
D)If the cell doesn't pass the G₁ checkpoint it will specialize
E)If the cell passes the G₁ checkpoint,it will become cancer.

Question 14

While observing some cells,a scientist sees the organelles double in one cell.That cell is in what phase of the cell cycle?

A)S
B)G₀
C)G₁
D)Cytokinesis
E)Mitosis

Question 15

If the total number of chromosomes in parent cell is six,then after mitosis there will be

A)three chromosomes in each daughter cell
B)three chromosomes in one daughter cell and six chromosomes in the other cell
C)six chromosomes in each daughter cell
D)two chromosomes in each daughter cell,one from each parent
E)12 chromosomes in each daughter cell

Question 16

In the cell cycle the "S" stands for

A)synapsis.
B)sexual.
C)synthesis.
D)somatic.
E)sister.

Question 17

In plants,cytokinesis occurs with the formation of:

A)a cell plate
B)a set of asters and centrioles
C)a cleavage furrow in the cell wall
D)a cleavage furrow in the cytoplasm
E)a cleavage furrow in the nuclear membrane

Question 18

In mitosis,the chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell during

A)prophase
B)telophase
C)anaphase
D)interphase
E)metaphase

Question 19

Which sequence in the cell cycle is correct?

A)prophase,metaphase,interphase,telophase
B)metaphase,anaphase,prophase,telophase
C)anaphase,interphase,telophase,prophase
D)prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase
E)interphase,metaphase,prophase,anaphase

Question 20

Cancerous cells can be properly said

A)to travel from the site of their formation.
B)to become specialized.
C)to divide in a controlled fashion.
D)to avoid interfering with other cells.
E)to be driven by normal genetics.

Question 21

What is the term for programmed cell death?

A)angiogenesis
B)nondisjunction
C)metastasis
D)apoptosis
E)cytokinesis

Question 22

Molecules which stimulate or inhibit cell division are referred to as what?

A)control molecules
B)signaling molecules
C)contact molecules
D)transduction molecules
E)checkpoint molecules

Question 23

A scientist studying two daughter cells resulting from mitosis will find them to be genetically identical.

Question 24

Cancer cells result from the mutation of the DNA in non-cancerous cells.

Question 25

A plant cell with four copies of every chromosome would produce daughter cells containing

A)four copies of every chromosome.
B)two copies of every chromosome.
C)two copies of some chromosomes.
D)one copy of every chromosome.
E)four copies of some chromosomes.

Question 26

Which of the following would decrease one's risk of getting cancer?

A)increased exposure to radiation
B)increased consumption of antioxidants
C)increased frequency of smoking
D)increased body weight
E)increased comsumption of alcohol

Question 27

Due to the changes in cancer cells,they have abnormal subcellular organelles called

A)nuclei.
B)mitochondria.
C)ribosomes.
D)peroxisomes.
E)lysosomes.

Question 28

The first phase of mitosis is called

A)prophase.
B)metaphase.
C)anaphase.
D)telophase.
E)interphasE.

Question 29

During anaphase,the chromosomes are lining up together.

Question 30

The formation of cancers often involve angiogenesis,the formation of new blood vessels.

Question 31

Which sentence is true of most non-cancer cells,rather than of cancer cells?

A)They undergo metastasis and promote angiogenesis
B)They lack differentiation
C)They are specialized
D)They have abnormal nuclei
E)They can form tumors

Question 32

The spindle has not changed significantly during the evolution of eukaryotic organisms.

Question 33

Smoking raises the smoker's risk of contracting cancer.

Question 34

If a cell is seen to be in telophase,what immediately preceded this?

A)prophase
B)G₁
C)anaphase
D)M
E)metaphase

Question 35

The formation of new blood cells within a tumor is referred to as carcinogenesis.

Question 36

Animal cells and plant cells use different mechanisms of cytokinesis.

Question 37

Mitosis corresponds with the S phase of the cell cycle.

Question 38

During the S phase of the cell cycle,the cell does what?

A)sort chromosomes
B)synthesize DNA
C)segregate organelles
D)synthesize RNA
E)separate ribosomes

Question 39

During which stage do homologous chromosomes move away from each other?

A)metaphase II
B)anaphase II
C)anaphase I
D)metaphase I
E)prophase

Question 40

What is the value of the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

A)They prevent cells from advancing in the cell cycle until ready to complete the next stage.
B)They ensure a balanced number of cells throughout the body.
C)They aid in cell-cell communication.
D)They allow cells to be pigmenteD.
E)They allow the nuclear envelope to be a double membranE.

Question 41

The new chromosomes which separate after metaphase are known as

A)sibling chromosomes.
B)daughter chromosomes.
C)artificial chromosomes.
D)homologous chromosomes.
E)copied chromosomes.

Question 42

G₀ falls between S and M phases of the cell cycle.

Question 43

It is possible to reprogram adult cells,such as epidermal cells,to produce stem cells for therapeutic uses.

Question 44

When observing an animal cell in telophase,you would expect to observe the formation of a(n)

A)cleavage furrow.
B)cell plate.
C)spindle.
D)interphase junction.
E)anaphase platE.

Question 45

A cell which has been irreparably damaged DNA would be eliminated by apoptosis.

Question 46

A scientist observes a cell which is stopped at the M checkpoint for an unusually long time.The scientist should guess that

A)a problem has occurred with chromosome distribution.
B)the cell hasn't finished synthesizing DNA.
C)chromatin has not condensed yet.
D)organelles are blocking spindle formation.
E)there are not enough microtubules.

Question 47

When you get a sunburn as the result of absorbing too much solar radiation,badly damaged cells can be eliminated by

A)interphase.
B)apoptosis.
C)spindle formation.
D)sloughing off.
E)immune reactions.

Question 48

Observing a tumor in a lab rat,you observe a large mass of cancerous cells.This should be called a(n)

A)tumor.
B)metastatic mass.
C)growth.
D)cancer bundle.
E)anomalous body.

Question 49

A cell which has passed the G₁ checkpoint is committed to synthesizing DNA.

Question 50

When cancer has spread beyond its original location,it is said to have metastasized.