Deck 12: Trace Minerals

Question 1

Which of the following nutrients is a trace mineral?

A)Sulfur
B)Calcium
C)Copper
D)Magnesium

Answer 1

C

Question 2

A medical researcher is developing a formula for babies that simulates the composition of human breast milk.He wants to fortify the formula so it contains the RDA/AI amounts of all essential nutrients.One of the minerals that he wants to use in the formula has an RDA of 11 mg for infants.According to this information,how should he classify this mineral?

A)Trace mineral
B)Major mineral
C)Minor mineral
D)Electrolytic mineral

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Jade is concerned about her risk of Kashin-Beck disease.To help reduce her risk of this condition,Jade should _____.

A)reduce her physical activity level
B)increase her sun exposure
C)avoid foods such as Brazil nuts and tuna fish
D)consume more selenium-rich foods

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following minerals enhances insulin action?

A)Selenium
B)Chromium
C)Fluoride
D)Aluminum

Question 5

Which of the following foods is the richest source of zinc per 3 oz serving?

A)Cooked turkey
B)Beef roast
C)Roasted sunflower seed kernels
D)Fried oysters

Question 6

Paul is a vegetarian and has been complaining lately from a loss of appetite,diarrhea,hair loss,and skin rush.Based on your knowledge,what mineral is he lacking in his diet?

A)Calcium
B)Selenium
C)Carbohydrates
D)Zinc

Question 7

Which of the following foods is a good source of iron?

A)Fat-free yogurt
B)Milk
C)Soybeans
D)Raw kale

Question 8

Long-term consumption of high amounts of fluoride can _____.

A)increase the body's metabolism of zinc and sulfur
B)reduce the body's need for vitamin C and iron
C)delay the development of diverticulosis
D)lead to skeletal fluorosis

Question 9

Which of the following statements is false?

A)Iodine is required for normal function of the thyroid gland.
B)Goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland and is a result of cancer.
C)Adding iodide to table salt has reduced the prevalence of goiter.
D)Goiter often occurs among populations living in areas that lack the mineral iodine.

Question 10

Which of the following food items contains a high content of fluoride?

A)Spinach and broccoli
B)Brewed black tea
C)Light beer
D)Carbonated soda

Question 11

Which of the following nutrients is a trace mineral?

A)Potassium
B)Zinc
C)Calcium
D)Phosphorus

Question 12

Which of the following foods is the richest source of zinc?

A)Roasted sunflower seed kernels
B)Cooked Soybeans
C)Fried Oysters
D)Pecans

Question 13

The RDA for iron is 8 mg and 18 mg,for young men and women,respectively.Based on this information,iron is a ____ mineral.

A)major
B)conditionally essential
C)trace
D)possible essential

Question 14

Lydia's diet lacks _____,which is classified as a trace mineral.

A)potassium
B)phosphorus
C)calcium
D)iodine

Question 15

Christine loves to eat Brazil nuts and canned oysters.These food items are rich sources of _____.

A)vitamin C
B)magnesium
C)selenium
D)folate

Question 16

Which of the following nutrients is a not a trace mineral?

A)Potassium
B)Iron
C)Zinc
D)Iodine

Question 17

Which of the following minerals is associated with a reduced risk of dental caries?

A)Arsenic
B)Fluoride
C)Selenium
D)Iodine

Question 18

A scientist is creating a formula diet that supplies the same nutrients in amounts that are in a healthy dietary pattern for adults.One of the minerals in her formula has a Recommended Dietary Allowance of 85 mg/day.How should she classify this particular mineral?

A)Trace mineral
B)Nonessential mineral
C)Possible essential mineral
D)Major mineral

Question 19

Derek's diet contains high amounts of _____,which is classified as a trace mineral.

A)chloride
B)calcium
C)potassium
D)selenium

Question 20

Dental fluorosis is characterized by _____.

A)immature red blood cells that lack hemoglobin
B)keratinization and death of epithelial cells
C)abnormal changes in the appearance of tooth enamel
D)defective collagen production

Question 21

Which of the following minerals accumulates in abnormal deposits called Kayser-Fleischer rings?

A)Copper
B)Potassium
C)Fluoride
D)Iron

Question 22

Cuproenzymes are group of enzymes that contain _____.

A)calcium
B)zinc
C)copper
D)iron

Question 23

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines,which of the following minerals is a nutrient of public health concern for pregnant females?

A)Selenium
B)Nickel
C)Iron
D)Silicon

Question 24

Marty has hemochromatosis.Which of the following supplements should he avoid taking?

A)Vitamin B-12
B)Iron
C)Vitamin D
D)Calcium

Question 25

Which of the following foods is a good source of chromium?

A)Broccoli
B)Enriched white bread
C)Butter
D)Corn oil

Question 26

Marcus has an iron deficiency.He should consider including ____ in his diet,because it is a good source of heme iron.

A)spinach
B)fat-free milk
C)bok choy
D)chicken liver

Question 27

Which of the following foods is an excellent source of heme iron?

A)Beef steak
B)Fat-free milk
C)Corn oil margarine
D)Broccoli

Question 28

In the United States,_____ deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency.

A)magnesium
B)iron
C)calcium
D)selenium

Question 29

Wilson's disease is characterized by the _____.

A)accumulation of toxic amounts of copper in the liver,brain,kidneys,and eyes
B)excessive release of calcium from bone tissue
C)liver's inability to store zinc and manganese
D)abnormal accumulation of glucose in muscle cells

Question 30

Lawrence wants to increase his zinc intake without relying on dietary supplements.Which of the following foods should he avoid eating,because they can interfere with intestinal absorption of zinc?

A)Breaded,fried oysters
B)Grilled hamburger on a bun
C)Unleavened whole wheat breads
D)Barbequed chicken wings

Question 31

Emma consumes dairy products,but she does not eat meat,fish,eggs or poultry.She eats some vegetables and fruits,but she avoids beans,breads,and cereal products.Based on this information,her diet lacks adequate _____.

A)magnesium
B)iron
C)calcium
D)potassium

Question 32

Jared is a vegan (total vegetarian).He can increase his intestinal tract's ability to absorb iron in his diet by combining iron-rich plant foods with sources of _____.

A)vitamin C
B)vitamin A
C)copper
D)calcium

Question 33

Leafy vegetables,whole grains,nuts,and tea are good food sources of _____.

A)cesium
B)manganese
C)zinc
D)iodine

Question 34

Which of the following practices would help a total vegetarian increase his or her iron intake from plant foods?

A)Taking zinc,calcium,and selenium supplements daily
B)Adding cheese to salads and sandwiches
C)Cooking vegetables in a cast iron skillet with tomatoes or lemon juice
D)Drinking more milk and avoiding in-between-meal snacks

Question 35

Which of the following foods is low in fluoride?

A)Brewed black tea
B)White grape juice
C)Brewed coffee
D)Light beer

Question 36

For the past 4 years,23-year-old Maggie has been losing a lot of blood during her menstrual periods.Based on this information,which of the following conditions is she most likely to develop?

A)Iron deficiency
B)Pellagra
C)Hemochromatosis
D)Osteoporosis

Question 37

_____ must be added to grains during the enrichment process.

A)Magnesium
B)Zinc
C)Calcium
D)Iron

Question 38

_____ is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

A)Cytochrome
B)Myoglobin
C)Ferritin
D)Hemoglobin

Question 39

A young man in a rural Iranian village eats very little meat and dairy products,but his diet contains a lot of unleavened whole-grain flat bread.He is very short for his age;his sexual organs are not fully developed;his intelligence is lower than normal;and he suffers from iron-deficiency anemia.Based on this information,the man probably has a(n)____ deficiency.

A)folate
B)vitamin K
C)acetyl CoA
D)zinc

Question 40

Sylvia has hemochromatosis.Which of the following conditions is a common sign or symptom of this disorder?

A)Iron-deficiency anemia
B)"Bronze" skin
C)Megaloblastic anemia
D)Blocked bile ducts

Question 41

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States.

A)hypogonadism
B)goiter
C)pellagra
D)anemia

Question 42

_____ enhances the effects of insulin on cell membranes.

A)Cobalamin
B)Boron
C)Selenium
D)Chromium

Question 43

Iodine is necessary for _____.

A)producing properly-formed collagen
B)maintaining normal thyroid function
C)transporting proteins in lymph
D)carrying oxygen in blood

Question 44

Because of their low body weights,infants and children are at a greater risk of health consequences due to arsenic intake than adults.

Question 45

Check any accurate information related to selenium.
____Selenoproteins require selenium to function and serve as antioxidants.
_____Selenium is a major mineral.
____Selenium is important for DNA synthesis.
____Selenium is important for reproduction.

Question 46

High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are associated with chromium deficiency.

Question 47

The body absorbs and uses _________ for synthesizing thyroid hormone.

A)iodide
B)iodine
C)iodine salts
D)potassium iodate

Question 48

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient,he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance.He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice.

A)enlarged skeletal muscles
B)increased hemoglobin production
C)enhanced reproductive system functioning
D)reduced HDL levels

Question 49

Which of the following agencies monitors the amount of arsenic in rice and other foods and beverages?

A)CDC
B)FDA
C)EPA
D)WHO

Question 50

Erika is a college student who has never experienced dental decay.Recently,she slipped and fell down a flight of stairs.Although she had bumps and bruises after the fall,she did not break any bones.Which of the following practices is the most likely reason for Erika's strong bones and decay-resistant teeth?

A)Taking vitamin K supplements daily
B)Chewing iron pills before swallowing them
C)Drinking fluoridated water
D)Eating a high-protein,low-carbohydrate diet

Question 51

Which of the following minerals may have a physiological role,but more research is necessary to determine whether it is essential?

A)Selenium
B)Lithium
C)Zinc
D)Magnesium

Question 52

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

A)magnesium
B)vanadium
C)chromium
D)potassium

Question 53

In persons with diabetes,chromium supplementation may improve blood triglyceride and HDL levels.

Question 54

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

A)magnesium
B)zinc
C)silicon
D)iodide

Question 55

In the United States,the practice of fortifying _____ with iodide has reduced the risk of goiter.

A)soft drinks
B)oatmeal products
C)table salt
D)processed vegetables

Question 56

Cameron takes megadoses of a single mineral supplement.Lately,he's noticed that his fingernails break easily,his hair is falling out,and he's more tired than usual.His friends have told him that he smells like garlic.Based on this information,Cameron has consumed too much _____.

A)iron
B)magnesium
C)selenium
D)calcium

Question 57

Marta is a pregnant woman suffering from severe iodine deficiency.As a result of the deficiency,she has a high risk of giving birth to a child with _____.

A)ariboflavinosis
B)type 2 diabetes
C)cretinism
D)phenylketonuria

Question 58

Chromium deficiency can lead to impaired glucose tolerance.

Question 59

In certain parts of the United States,soil contains high amounts of selenium that accumulates in plants.Livestock that graze on these plants can develop selenium toxicity.

Question 60

Angela is a 20-year-old college student.In addition to having a history of dental decay,she seems to break bones easily.Based on this information,Angela may need to increase her intake of _____.

A)fluoride
B)copper
C)iodine
D)vanadium

Question 61

Patients with Keshan disease have a form of cardiomyopathy that is caused by selenium deficiency.