Deck 5: A Survey of Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Question 1

The eukaryotic cell's glycocalyx is

A)mostly polysaccharide.
B)the site where many metabolic reactions occur.
C)also called the cell wall.
D)composed of many diverse proteins.
E)protection against osmotic lysis.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the

A)nucleus.
B)golgi apparatus.
C)mitochondria.
D)lysosome.
E)ribosome.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Cilia are found in certain

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 5

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?

A)mitochondria
B)lysosomes
C)Golgi apparatus
D)chloroplasts
E)endoplasmic reticulum

Question 6

Protists include

A)yeasts and molds.
B)algae and protozoa.
C)helminths.
D)All of the choices are correct.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Organelles found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi are the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 8

The cytoskeleton

A)anchors organelles.
B)provides support.
C)functions in movements of the cytoplasm.
D)helps maintain cell shape.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Protists with contractile vacuoles

A)are algae.
B)use them to expel excess water from the cell.
C)typically live in salty seawater.
D)use them for motility.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

The cell's series of tunnel-like membranes functioning in transport and storage are the

A)mitochondria.
B)lysosomes.
C)Golgi apparatus.
D)chloroplasts.
E)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 11

The endosymbiotic theory says that precursor eukaryotic cells acquired flagella by endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor, and others gained photosynthetic ability from endosymbiosis with a _____ ancestor.

A)protozoan, algae
B)archaea, cyanobacteria
C)spirochete, cyanobacteria
D)helminth, algae
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Cell walls are not found on typical cells of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 13

Histones are

A)found in polyribosomes.
B)enzymes found in lysosomes.
C)proteins of the cytoskeleton.
D)proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus.
E)on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14

When a eukaryotic cell is not undergoing mitosis, the DNA and its associated proteins appear as a visible thread-like mass called the

A)nuclear envelope.
B)nucleosome.
C)nucleolus.
D)nucleoplasm.
E)chromatin.

Question 15

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 16

The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is

A)30S.
B)40S.
C)50S.
D)70S.
E)80S.

Question 17

Filamentous fungi are called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 18

Eukaryotic flagella differ from prokaryotic flagella because only eukaryotic flagella

A)are used for cell motility.
B)facilitate chemotaxis.
C)facilitate phototaxis.
D)are long whip-like structures.
E)contain microtubules.

Question 19

Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?

A)nucleus
B)mitochondria
C)endoplasmic reticulum
D)lysosomes
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis in eukaryotes is the

A)ribosome.
B)nucleolus.
C)nucleus.
D)golgi apparatus.
E)lysosome.

Question 21

Blooms of certain dinoflagellates are associated with all of the following except

A)paralytic shellfish poisoning.
B)red tides.
C)ciguatera.
D)Pfiesteria piscicida.
E)euglenids.

Question 22

Which is mismatched?

A)Giardia - transmitted by feces in drinking water
B)Histoplasma - causes Ohio Valley fever
C)Trichomonas - sexually transmitted
D)Plasmodium - causes Chagas disease
E)Saccharomyces - yeast in making bread and beer

Question 23

The stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast are called

A)grana.
B)stroma.
C)mesosomes.
D)cristae.
E)packages.

Question 24

What do zygospores, ascospores, and basidiospores have in common?

A)They are enclosed in a sac.
B)They are types of conidia.
C)They are sexual spores.
D)They are found only in molds.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 25

Which of the following spores are produced within a sac?

A)chlamydospores
B)sporangiospores
C)blastospores
D)arthrospores
E)zygospores

Question 26

When buds remain attached, they form a chain of yeast cells called

A)pseudohyphae.
B)septa.
C)molds.
D)dimorphic.
E)mycelium.

Question 27

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the

A)Sarcodina.
B)Ciliophora.
C)Mastigophora.
D)Apicomplexa.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 28

All of the following are helminths except

A)pinworms.
B)flukes.
C)trypanosomes.
D)roundworms.
E)tapeworms.

Question 29

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except

A)motility.
B)ectoplasm and endoplasm.
C)heterotrophic nutrition.
D)formation of a cyst stage.
E)cell wall.

Question 30

Which is not a characteristic of fungi?

A)cells have cell walls
B)photosynthetic
C)include single-celled and filamentous forms
D)heterotrophic nutrition
E)can use a wide variety of nutrients

Question 31

Which is mismatched?

A)Pyrrophyta - euglenids
B)Chrysophyta - diatoms
C)Phaeophyta - brown algae
D)Rhodophyta - red seaweed
E)Chlorophyta - green algae

Question 32

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?

A)in kingdom Protista
B)parasitic worms
C)eggs and sperm for reproduction
D)often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E)have various organ systems

Question 33

Both fish and humans develop neurological symptoms and bloody skin lesions due to a sudden "bloom" of this algae.

A)Prototheca
B)Pfiesteria piscida
C)diatoms
D)Phaeophyta
E)All of the above.

Question 34

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of

A)protozoa.
B)algae.
C)helminths.
D)fungi.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 35

A mold is observed to have asexual conidia, sexual spores within a sac, and septate hyphae.It is most likely classified in the

A)Zygomycota.
B)Ascomycota.
C)Basidiomycota.
D)Deuteromycota.
E)Fungi Imperfecti.

Question 36

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called

A)dimorphic.
B)saprobes.
C)pseudohyphae.
D)spores.
E)Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycota).

Question 37

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the

A)trophozoite.
B)cyst.
C)sporozoite.
D)oocyst.
E)food vacuole.

Question 38

Which of the following spores are sexually produced?

A)chlamydospores
B)sporangiospores
C)blastospores
D)arthrospores
E)zygospores

Question 39

Fungal spores

A)are only produced under harmful environmental conditions.
B)are only asexually produced.
C)cannot be seen in a light microscope.
D)are produced by molds but not by yeasts.
E)are used to identify fungi.

Question 40

In order to reproduce sexually, diploid cells must produce _________ gametes through ________.

A)diploid, mitosis
B)diploid, meiosis
C)haploid, mitosis
D)haploid, meiosis
E)triploid, mitosis

Question 41

Algae are classified into Divisions based principally on their type of motility.

Question 42

All algae have chloroplasts.

Question 43

On what basis are fungi classified as Fungi Imperfecti, or Deuteromycota?

A)Based on their ability to cause diseases in animals.
B)Based on whether they have a cap containing gills.
C)Based on if the fungus lacks a sexual state.
D)Based on if they have a special fungal sac.
E)Based on if they can grow in acidic soil.

Question 44

Sources for human infection with worms are all of the following except

A)infected animals.
B)contaminated food.
C)contaminated water.
D)contaminated soil.
E)contaminated air.

Question 45

Plankton are floating communities of helminths.

Question 46

The organelle involved in intracellular digestion of food particles is the

A)Golgi apparatus.
B)lysosomes.
C)cisternae.
D)transitional vesicles.
E)smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 47

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Question 48

There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of _____ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia.

Question 49

All fungi have hyphae.

Question 50

The only Division of Fungi that contains human pathogens is the Deuteromycota.

Question 51

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of ___________.

A)glycogen
B)proteins
C)glucose
D)nucleic acids
E)lipids

Question 52

Fungi are autotrophic.

Question 53

Which of the following are present in viruses?

A)mitochondria
B)cytoskeleton
C)pigments
D)endoplasmic reticulum
E)none of the above

Question 54

Biologists have found evidence that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic organisms by a process of intracellular _____.

Question 55

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.

Question 56

All of the following are correct about helminthes except

A)they generally make only a few eggs per day.
B)they are not all parasites, although some are.
C)as parasites, their reproductive organs are their most developed organs.
D)their eggs and larvae are vulnerable to heat.
E)tapeworms and pinworms are two examples.

Question 57

Which of the following is the cause of malaria?

A)Toxoplasma gondii
B)Plasmodium
C)Giardia
D)Leishmania
E)Trypanosoma

Question 58

Which of the following is in the correct order?

A)Cytokinesis, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
B)Metaphase, anaphase, cytokinesis, telophase
C)Prophase, cytokinesis, telophase, anaphase
D)Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
E)All of the choices are correct

Question 59

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.

Question 60

Chromosomes are not visible in the nucleus unless the cell is undergoing nuclear division.

Question 61

Chloroplasts are composed of membranous sacs called _____ that carry chlorophyll.Surrounding these sacs is a ground substance called _____.

Question 62

Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of protozoans, yeasts, and algae.

Question 63

Proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells are called _______.

Question 64

Compare and contrast the yeasts and molds with regard to: a) microscopic cellular morphology, b) macroscopic colony morphology, and c) reproduction.

Question 65

Discuss in detail, at least four reasons why fungi belong in their own kingdom instead of the kingdoms Plantae or Protista.

Question 66

Compare and contrast the morphology of Cestodes, Trematodes, and Nematodes.

Question 67

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations: scattered in the _____, and on the surface of _____.

Question 68

A _____ originates from the Golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion.

Question 69

Compare and contrast protozoan cysts, fungal spores, and bacterial endospores with regard to: a) the factors that stimulate their formation, b) their structure, and c) their function.

Question 70

The long, thread-like branching cells of molds are called _____.

Question 71

The passageways in the nuclear envelope for movement of substances to and from the nucleus and cytoplasm are called nuclear _____.

Question 72

Discuss the role of specific algal and fungal toxins in human disease.

Question 73

During unfavorable growth conditions, many protozoa can convert to a resistant, dormant stage called a _____.