Deck 20: Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry

Question 1

What statement is most inconsistent with the chemistry of transition elements?

A)Bromide,chloride and iodide stabilize the higher oxidation states of the transition elements.
B)Early transition metal ions with the metal in its lowest oxidation state are good reducing agents.
C)Ions that have transition metal in their highest oxidation state tend to be good oxidizing agents.
D)The stability of the higher oxidation states increases down a periodic group.

Answer 1

Bromide,chloride and iodide stabilize the higher oxidation states of the transition elements.

Question 2

Transition series elements are all

A)gases.
B)metals.
C)nonmetals.
D)semimetals.

Answer 2

metals.

Question 3

Though we would expect an increase in atomic radii going down a group from the second to the third transition series of elements,the actual radii are nearly identical.The term commonly used to describe this phenomenon is the

A)atomic disparity.
B)effective nuclear charge.
C)lanthanide contraction.
D)transition default.

Answer 3

lanthanide contraction.

Question 4

Which transition metal has the anomalous ground-state electron configuration: [Kr] 4d^10?

A)Rh
B)Pd
C)Ag
D)Cd

Question 5

What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: MnCl₂,Mn(OH)₃,MnO₂,KMnO₄?

A)MnCl₂
B)Mn(OH)₃
C)MnO₂
D)KMnO₄

Question 6

Element M has the valence electron configuration 3d⁶ 4s².What is the valence electron configuration of the M³⁺ ion?

A)3d⁵
B)3d³ 4s²
C)3d⁴ 4s¹
D)3d⁹ 4s²

Question 7

The number of transition series is

A)one
B)two
C)four
D)seven

Question 8

What is the d orbital-filling diagram for Fe³⁺ (Z = 26)?

A)(A)
B)(B)
C)(C)
D)(D)

Question 9

What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element chromium (Z = 24)?

A)[Ne] 4s² 3d⁴
B)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁴
C)[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵
D)[Ar] 3d⁶

Question 10

What is the ground-state electron configuration for the element cobalt (Z = 27)?

A)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁷
B)[Ar] 3d⁹
C)[Ar] 4s² 4p⁶ 5s¹
D)[Ar] 3d⁷

Question 11

Which of the following statements best explains why transition metals lose electrons from s orbitals before d orbitals?

A)Electrons from s orbitals are lower in energy than d orbitals.
B)The d orbitals experience a greater drop in energy when electrons are removed.
C)Electrons from d orbitals are less shielded from the nucleus than electrons in s orbitals.
D)Electrons in s orbitals are paired.

Question 12

For transition elements,which of the following occurs as the effective nuclear charge increases?

A)The atomic radius increases.
B)The density increases.
C)Both the atomic radius and the density increase.
D)The atomic radius decreases and the density increases.

Question 13

What is the characteristic outer electron configuration for transition elements?

A)(n - 1)d^10-xns2
B)(n)d^10-xns2
C)(n + 1)d^10-xns1
D)(n - 1)d^10-x(n + 1)s²

Question 14

In which blocks of the periodic table are the transition series and inner transition series elements found?

A)d,p
B)d,f
C)s,d
D)s,p

Question 15

What oxidation state(s)is(are)exhibited by all first row transition elements except scandium?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+2 and +3
D)+2,+3 and +4

Question 16

What is the ground-state electron configuration for Co²⁺ (Z = 27)?

A)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁹
B)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁵
C)[Ar] 3d⁷
D)[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁶

Question 17

Which of the following ions has the greater effective nuclear charge?

A)V³⁺
B)Cr³⁺
C)Fe³⁺
D)Co³⁺

Question 18

What is the ground-state electron configuration for Cr in Cr₂O₇^2-?

A)[Ar] 4s¹ 3d⁵
B)[Ar] 4s² 3d⁶
C)[Ar] 3d⁴
D)[Ar] 3d⁰

Question 19

How many d electrons are there in MnO₄^-?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Question 20

What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: VCl₂,CrCl₃,KMnO₄,KReO₄?

A)VCl₂
B)CrCl₃
C)KMnO₄
D)KReO₄

Question 21

Which is the strongest oxidizing agent under acidic conditions?

A)Cr²⁺
B)Cr³⁺
C)CrO₄^2-
D)Cr₂O₇^2-

Question 22

Which of the following ions should be the strongest reducing agent?

A)V³⁺
B)Cr³⁺
C)Fe³⁺
D)Co³⁺

Question 23

Which of the following is a disproportionation reaction?

A)Cu₂S(l)+ O₂(g)→ 2 Cu(l)+ SO₂(g)
B)3 Cu(s)+ 2 NO₃-(aq)+ 8 H⁺(aq)→ 3 Cu²⁺(aq)+ 2 NO(g)+ 4 H₂O(l)
C)2 Cu⁺(aq)→ Cu(s)+ Cu²⁺(aq)
D)Cu²⁺(aq)+ 4 NH₃(aq)→ Cu(NH₃)₄²⁺(aq)

Question 24

Which of the following is a stronger acid?

A)Cr³⁺
B)Cr(OH)₂
C)Cr(OH)₃
D)CrO₂(OH)₂

Question 25

What chemical equation represents the best method for obtaining pure chromium?

A)FeCr₂O₄(s)+ 4 C(s)+ heat → Fe(s)+ 2 Cr(s)+ 4 CO(g)
B)Cr₂O₃(s)+ 2 Al(s)+ heat → 2 Cr(s)+ Al₂O₃(s)
C)Cr₂O₃(s)+ 2 Fe(s)+ heat → Fe₂O₃(s)+ 2 Cr(s)
D)Cr²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)→ Cr(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq)

Question 26

Which of the following chromium species is the strongest acid?

A)Cr(OH)₂
B)Cr(OH)₃
C)CrO₂(OH)₂
D)CrO₄^2-

Question 27

What is the oxidation state of the Co atom in [Co(NH₃)₅Cl](NO₃)₂?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+4
D)+6

Question 28

What is the oxidation state of the Cr atom in [Ni(en)₃]₃[Cr(CN)₆]₂?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+4
D)+6

Question 29

Describe what happens when 3.0 M NH₃ is slowly added to an aqueous solution of CuSO₄.

A)A blue precipitate of Cu(OH)₂ forms.
B)A royal blue complex of [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is formed.
C)A blue precipitate of Cu(OH)₂ is formed which is then converted to the royal blue complex [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺.
D)A royal blue complex of [Cu(NH₃)₄]²⁺ is formed which then is converted to a blue precipitate of Cu(OH)₂.

Question 30

What statement is most inconsistent about the chemistry of iron?

A)Iron(III)hydroxide is very soluble and reacts readily with hydroxide to form Fe(OH)₄^-.
B)Iron reacts with hydrochloric acid in the absence of air to yield iron(II)ion and hydrogen gas.
C)Iron reacts with nitric acid to yield iron(III)ion and nitric oxide.
D)The most common oxidation states of iron are +2 (ferrous)and +3 (ferric).

Question 31

What is the coordination number of the Fe atom in K₃[Fe(C₂O₄)₃]?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)6

Question 32

What is the strongest oxidizing agent of the following set: FeO,Fe₂O₃,Fe₃O₄,FeO₄^2-?

A)FeO
B)Fe₂O₃
C)Fe₃O₄
D)FeO₄^2-

Question 33

What statement is inconsistent with the chemistry of iron?

A)Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust.
B)Iron is obtained from the reduction of hematite (Fe₂O₃)and magnetite (Fe₃O₄)by carbon in a blast furnace.
C)Iron is a relatively hard metal and it is relatively unreactive with haloacids.
D)The majority of iron in a healthy human is present in the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin.

Question 34

Which is not a characteristic reaction of chromium metal or chromium(II)ion?

A)Cr(s)+ 2 H⁺(aq)→ Cr²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)
B)4 Cr²⁺(aq)+ O₂(g)+ 4 H⁺(aq)→ 4 Cr³⁺(aq)+ 2 H₂O(l)
C)Cr(OH)₂(s)+ 2 H₃O⁺(aq)→ Cr²⁺(aq)+ 4 H₂O(l)
D)Cr(OH)₂(s)+ OH^-(aq)→ Cr(OH)₃^-(aq)

Question 35

In the two half-reactions shown below,which chromium species is the strongest oxidizing agent? Cr₂O₇^2-(aq)+ 14 H⁺(aq)+ 6 e^- → 2 Cr³⁺(aq)+ 7 H₂O(l)E° = + 1.33 V
CrO₄^2-(aq)+ 4 H₂O(l)+ 6 e^- → Cr(OH)₃(s)+ 5 OH^-(aq)E° = - 0.13 V

A)Cr₂O₇^2-
B)Cr³⁺
C)CrO₄^2-
D)Cr(OH)₃

Question 36

What is the coordination number of the Au atom in K [Au(CN)₂(SCN)₂]?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)6

Question 37

What statement is inconsistent with the chemistry of copper?

A)It has a high electrical conductivity and is widely used to make electrical wiring.
B)It is commonly found in the elemental state.
C)It is a reddish colored metal that accounts for only 0.0068% of the earth's crust by mass.
D)It is used to make corrosion-resistant water pipes because it has a positive oxidation potential.

Question 38

Using the following reduction potentials for copper determine the unstable copper compound. Cu⁺(aq)+ e^- → Cu(s)E° = +0.52 V
Cu²⁺(aq)+ e^- → Cu⁺(aq)E° = +0.15 V

A)CuCl
B)CuCl₂
C)CuSO₄
D)Cu(OH)₂

Question 39

Which chromium species exists only under acidic conditions?

A)Cr(OH)₂
B)Cr(OH)₄^-
C)CrO₄^2-
D)Cr₂O₇^2-

Question 40

What are two of the major components of stainless steel?

A)iron and carbon
B)iron and chromium
C)iron and titanium
D)iron and tungsten

Question 41

Which metal ion is most likely to form a square planar complex ion with CN^-?

A)Co²⁺
B)Cu²⁺
C)Ni²⁺
D)Zn²⁺

Question 42

The complex [Ni(CN)₄]^2- is diamagnetic and the complex [NiCl₄]^2- is paramagnetic.What can you conclude about their molecular geometries?

A)Both complexes have square planar geometries.
B)Both complexes have tetrahedral geometries.
C)[NiCl₄]^2- has a square planar geometry while [Ni(CN)₄]^2- has a tetrahedral geometry.
D)[NiCl₄]^2- has a tetrahedral geometry while [Ni(CN)₄]^2- has a square planar geometry.

Question 43

Write the chemical formula for aquabromobis(ethylenediamine)chromium(III)chloride.

A)[CrBr(H₂O)(en)]Cl
B)[CrBr₂(H₂O)(en)]Cl₂
C)[CrBr(H₂O)(en)₂]Cl₂
D)[CrBr(H₂O)(en)₂]Cl₃

Question 44

What is the name of the complex [Ni(H₂O)₄(NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂)]SO₄ ∙ 5H₂O?

A)aquaethylenediaminenickel(II)sulfate hydrate
B)tetraaquaethylenediaminenickel(II)sulfate pentahydrate
C)tetraaquabis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)sulfate pentahydrate
D)tetraaquabis(ethylenediamine)nickel(III)sulfate pentahydrate

Question 45

What hybridization scheme is used for Ni in the square planar complex of [Ni(CN)₄]^2-?

A)sp³
B)dsp²
C)dsp³
D)d^2sp3

Question 46

What is a representative orbital-filling diagram for the cobalt ion in the low spin complex of [Co(CN)₆]^3-?

A)(A)
B)(B)
C)(C)
D)(D)

Question 47

What type of hybrid orbitals are used by the Ti atom to form chemical bonds in the complex ion [Ti(H₂O)₆]³⁺?

A)sp³
B)dsp²
C)dsp³
D)d^2sp3

Question 48

What is the name of the complex [Ni(en)₃]₃[Cr(CN)₆]₂?

A)ethylenediaminenickel(III)hexacyanochromate(II)
B)tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(III)hexacyanochromate(II)
C)tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)hexacyanochromate(III)
D)bis(ethylenediamine)nickel(II)hexacyanochromate(III)

Question 49

Which complex is optically active?

A)[CoCl₄en]^2-
B)trans-[CrCl₂(en)₂]⁺
C)cis-[CrCl₂(en)₂]⁺
D)[PtCl₂(NH₃)₂]

Question 50

The complex cis-[CoCl(NH₃)(NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂)₂]²⁺ was resolved into optical isomers in 1911 by Alfred Werner,demonstrating the octahedral geometry of the ion.Name this complex ion.

A)cis-chloroammineethylenediaminecobalt(II)ion
B)cis-amminechloroethylenediaminecobalt(III)ion
C)cis-amminechlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(II)ion
D)cis-amminechlorobis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III)ion

Question 51

How many unpaired electrons are present in the high spin form of the [CoF₆]^3- complex and what metal orbitals are used in bonding?

A)0 unpaired electrons and 4s,4p and 4d orbitals to give sp^3d2
B)4 unpaired electrons and 4s,4p and 4d orbitals to give sp^3d2
C)0 unpaired electrons and 3d,4s,and 4p orbitals to give d^2sp3
D)4 unpaired electrons and 3d,4s,and 4p orbitals to give d^2sp3

Question 52

Write the chemical formula for pentaamminenitritocobalt(III)ion.

A)[Co(NO)(NH₃)₅]³⁺
B)[Co(NO₂)(NH₃)₅]²⁺
C)[Co(ONO)(NH₃)₅]²⁺
D)[Co(NH₃)₅(N₂O)]²⁺

Question 53

When the oxalate ion,C₂O₄^2- is bonded to the iron(III)ion in the complex ion [Fe(C₂O₄)₃]^3-,a ________-membered chelate ring is formed.

A)3
B)4
C)5
D)6

Question 54

Which pair of isomers illustrates the concept of ionization isomers?

A)[Cr(SCN)(NH₃)₅]²⁺ and [Cr(NCS)(NH₃)₅]²⁺
B)[CoCl(NH₃)₅]SO₄ and [Co(SO₄)(NH₃)₅]Cl
C)cis -[PtCl₂(NH₃)₂] and trans -[PtCl₂(NH₃)₂]
D)(+)-[Co(en)₃]³⁺ and (-)-[Co(en)₃]³⁺

Question 55

Which of the following can function as a chelating agent?

A)CN^-
B)CO
C)H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₂
D)NCS^-

Question 56

What is the name of the complex ion [AuBrCl(CN)₂]^-?

A)bromochlorodicyanogold(I)ion
B)bromochlorodicyanoaurate(III)ion
C)bromochlorodicyanoargentate(III)ion
D)bromochlorodicyanoaurate(IV)ion

Question 57

The compounds [Cr(H₂O)₆]Cl₃ and [CrCl₃(H₂O)₃] ∙ 3H₂O are examples of

A)diastereoisomers.
B)enantiomers.
C)ionization isomers.
D)linkage isomers.

Question 58

A chromium(III)ion forms a complex ion with two ammonia molecules and four thiocyanate ions.What is the formula of the complex ion?

A)[Cr(NH₃)₂(NCS)₄]³⁺
B)[Cr(NH₄)₂(NCS)₄]⁺
C)[Cr(NH₃)₂(NCS)₄]^-
D)[Cr(NH₃)₂(NCS)₄]^4-

Question 59

Which of the following species is diamagnetic?

A)an isolated,gas-phase V³⁺ ion
B)a high-spin octahedral Fe²⁺ complex
C)an isolated,gas-phase Cu²⁺ ion
D)a low-spin octahedral Co³⁺ complex

Question 60

What is the correct formula for tetraamminecarbonatoiron(III)chloride?

A)(NH₃)₄[FeCO₃]Cl
B)[Fe(CO₃)(NH₃)₄]Cl
C)[Fe(CO₃)(NH₃)₄]Cl₂
D)[Fe(CO₃)Cl(NH₃)₄]

Question 61

How many unpaired electrons will Co have in the complex [CoCl₄]^2-?

A)1
B)3
C)4
D)5

Question 62

What is the crystal field energy level diagram for the complex [Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺?

A)(A)
B)(B)
C)(C)
D)(D)

Question 63

Which of the following complex ions is colorless?

A)[Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺
B)[Mn(CN)₆]^3-
C)[CrCl₃(H₂O)₃]
D)[Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺

Question 64

Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Kr] 4d⁵ 5s²?

A)element A
B)element B
C)element C
D)element D

Question 65

Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Xe] 4f⁷ 5d¹ 6s²?

A)element A
B)element B
C)element C
D)element D

Question 66

The first transition series metals are shown below.
Which has the lowest melting point?

A)Sc
B)V
C)Mn
D)Zn

Question 67

Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹?

A)element A
B)element B
C)element C
D)element D

Question 68

Which ion would you expect to have the largest crystal field splitting Δ?

A)[Fe(CN)₆]^4-
B)[Fe(CN)₆]^3-
C)[Fe(H₂O)₆]²⁺
D)[Fe(H₂O)₆]³⁺

Question 69

For an octahedral complex what metal d orbitals are directly towards the ligands?

A)d_xy,d_xz
B)d_xy,d_xz,d_yz
C)d_z²,d_x²-_y²
D)d_z²,d_xz,d_yz

Question 70

Which of the following complexes are diamagnetic? [Mn(CN)₆]^3- [Zn(NH₃)₄]²⁺ [Fe(CN)₆]^4- [FeF₆]^3-

A)[Zn(NH₃)₄]²⁺
B)[Zn(NH₃)₄]²⁺ and [FeF₆]^3-
C)[Zn(NH₃)₄]²⁺ and [Fe(CN)₆]^4-
D)[Mn(CN)₆]^3-,[Zn(NH₃)₄]²⁺ and [Fe(CN)₆]^4-

Question 71

What is the crystal field energy level diagram for the complex [Co(CN)₆]^3-?

A)(A)
B)(B)
C)(C)
D)(D)

Question 72

What is the expected order for increasing octahedral (Δ₀)crystal field splitting for ligands?

A)halides < O ligands < N ligands < CN^-
B)halides < CN^- < O ligands < N ligands
C)CN^- < N ligands < O ligands < halides
D)O ligands < N ligands < CN^- < halides

Question 73

Which is the most common ion formed by element B on the above periodic table?

A)B⁺
B)B²⁺
C)B³⁺
D)B⁴⁺

Question 74

Which group of elements,indicated by letter and shading on the periodic table above,represents the inner transition elements?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Question 75

Which element indicated on the above periodic table has the electron configuration [Ar] 3d³ 4s²?

A)element A
B)element B
C)element C
D)element D

Question 76

Which group of elements,indicated by letter and shading on the periodic table above,represents the transition elements?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Question 77

What statement is inconsistent with the crystal field theory of tetrahedral complexes?

A)Δ_t is about 4/9 that of Δ₀.
B)Tetrahedral complexes are nearly all low spin.
C)The d_xy,d_xz,and d_yz orbitals are higher in energy than the d_z² and d_x²-_y² orbitals.
D)None of the metal d orbitals point directly at the ligands in a tetrahedral environment.

Question 78

The first transition series metals are shown below.
Which has the highest melting point?

A)Sc
B)V
C)Mn
D)Zn

Question 79

Which is the most common ion formed by element D on the above periodic table?

A)B⁺
B)B²⁺
C)B³⁺
D)B⁷⁺

Question 80

What is the expected order for increasing octahedral (Δ₀)crystal field splitting for the ligands I^-,F^-,H₂O,NH₃,en,CO?

A)I^- < F^- < H₂O < NH₃ < en < CO
B)F^- < I^- < NH₃ < en < CO < H₂O
C)I^- < F^- < H₂O < CO < NH₃ < en
D)CO < en < NH₃ < H₂O < F^- < I^-