Deck 2: Measuring and Reporting Financial Position

Question 1

Identify the intangible asset.

A) Brand name.
B) Loan.
C) Accounts payable.
D) Inventory.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Intangible assets have no physical substance but still provide expected future benefits.Which of the following is not an intangible asset?

A) Newspaper masthead.
B) Goodwill.
C) Patent.
D) None of the above, i.e., all are intangible assets.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Identify the item that would appear in the equity section of the statement of financial position.

A) Loan from ABC Bank.
B) Loan to family member.
C) Bank overdraft.
D) Drawings by the owner.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of these is not always a characteristic of an asset?

A) Ability of the benefit to be measured in money terms.
B) Exclusive control of the economic benefits.
C) Legal ownership by the entity.
D) Probable expected future economic benefits.

Question 5

The purpose of the statement of financial position is:

A) to determine the cash inflows and outflows over a period of time.
B) to determine the profit earned over a period of time.
C) to list the assets of the business and the claims against the assets at a particular point of time.
D) all of the above.

Question 6

'A present obligation of an entity arising from past events,the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow from the entity of resources embodying economic benefits,' is the generally acceptable definition of:

A) an asset.
B) equity.
C) a liability.
D) an expense.

Question 7

Which of these does not belong with the others?

A) Bank overdraft.
B) Prepaid wages.
C) Accounts payable.
D) Mortgage loan.

Question 8

Identify the asset.

A) Bank overdraft.
B) Plant and equipment.
C) Loan from ABC Ltd.
D) Accrued expenses.

Question 9

In the accounting equation,claims on the business are of two broad types:

A) bills payable and bills receivable.
B) liabilities and equity.
C) loans to and loans from outsiders.
D) accounts receivable and accounts payable.

Question 10

The recognition criteria for liabilities includes:

A) future obligation.
B) probability of occurrence.
C) reliability of measurement.
D) Both B and C.

Question 11

If liabilities are $55,000 and assets are $123,600,equity is:

A) $178,400.
B) $68,600.
C) $178,600.
D) $68,400.

Question 12

Identify the item which is not necessarily a liability.

A) Provision for holiday pay.
B) Bank overdraft.
C) Loan to employee.
D) None of the above, i.e., all are necessarily liabilities.

Question 13

Which of these assets,which could be listed on a statement of financial position,is likely not to translate into future economic benefits?

A) Large inventories of spare parts.
B) Accounts receivable that have been outstanding for several months.
C) Inventory that has been on the shelves for over a year.
D) All of the above.

Question 14

Despite the uncertainty in relation to the exact amount to be paid and the actual timing of the payment,which of the following is still regarded as a liability?

A) Deposit on services received in advance.
B) Provision for employee bonuses.
C) Accounts payable.
D) Money borrowed from an associate company.

Question 15

Identify the liability.

A) Drawings.
B) Prepaid insurance.
C) Accounts payable.
D) Cash at bank.

Question 16

Which statement concerning the reserves component of equity is not correct?

A) Reserves represent cash.
B) Retained profits and reserves are often classified under the general heading of reserves.
C) The higher the dividend paid by the company, the lower the reserves.
D) Many reserves arise as transfers from retained profits.

Question 17

Which of these is not an asset?

A) Accounts payable.
B) Loan to J Troja.
C) Accounts receivable.
D) Both A and B.

Question 18

If liabilities are $45,000 and equity is $68,900,assets are:

A) $23,100.
B) $23,900.
C) $113,900.
D) $113,100.

Question 19

The correct version of the accounting equation is:

A) liabilities = assets + equity.
B) equity = assets + liabilities.
C) assets = equity + liabilities.
D) none of the above.

Question 20

Another name for accounts receivable is:

A) debtors.
B) receivables.
C) accounts payable.
D) Both A and B.

Question 21

Identify the current liability.

A) Wages owing.
B) Loan from B Buy (due in 4 months).
C) Bill payable (due in 2 years).
D) Both A and B.

Question 22

The effect on the statement of financial position when the owner contributes her private vehicle for the exclusive use of the business is:

A) increase asset vehicle; increase equity.
B) increase asset vehicle; decrease equity.
C) increase asset vehicle; increase owner's drawings.
D) none of the above.

Question 23

Calculate equity.Cash at bank $3,400; inventory $1,200; accounts receivable $2,500; accounts payable $1,700; loan from ABC bank $3,500.

A) $8,900.
B) $5,300.
C) $1,900.
D) $12,300.

Question 24

Identify the current asset.

A) Fixtures and fittings.
B) Inventory.
C) Delivery vehicle.
D) Loan to L Hardie repayable in 2 years.

Question 25

The effect on the statement of financial position when a debtor pays the amount that is owed is:

A) increase asset bank; decrease asset debtor; increase equity.
B) increase asset bank; increase equity.
C) increase asset bank; decrease asset debtor.
D) none of the above.

Question 26

If assets are $34,800 and equity is $12,700,liabilities are:

A) $47,500.
B) $22,100.
C) $47,000.
D) $22,900.

Question 27

You are provided with the statement of financial position at the beginning of the period for a firm of accountants.You are also given four of the transactions that have occurred during the period.
REQUIRED:
a)Complete the table to show how each transaction affects the accounts shown.
b)Calculate the figures in the final column of the table from which the statement of financial position at the end of the period can be prepared.

Transactions for the period:
1.Collected $3,000 from debtors
2.Paid accounts payable $6,000
3.Owner paid in additional capital contribution of $10,000
4.Purchased on credit $2,000 of additional plant.

Question 28

What is the effect on the statement of financial position when the business buys inventory on credit?

A) Increase asset inventory; increase liability creditor.
B) Increase asset inventory; increase equity.
C) Decrease asset inventory; decrease liability creditor.
D) Decrease asset inventory; increase liability creditor.

Question 29

Identify the non-current asset.

A) 5-year loan to Ti Finance.
B) Machinery.
C) Long-term investment.
D) All of the above.

Question 30

The effect on the statement of financial position when the business pays a creditor is:

A) decrease asset creditor; decrease liability bank.
B) decrease asset bank; decrease liability creditor.
C) decrease asset bank; decrease equity.
D) none of the above.

Question 31

Which of the following statements in relation to non-current assets is untrue?

A) They are held for sale or consumption.
B) They may be tangible or intangible.
C) May vary in classification according to the nature of the business.
D) They are generally held for generating wealth.

Question 32

What is the overall effect on the statement of financial position when the business sells inventory for a profit of $3,000?

A) Increase total assets $3,000; decrease total equity $3,000.
B) Increase total assets $3,000; increase total equity $3,000.
C) No change in total assets; no change in total equity.
D) None of the above.

Question 33

Non-current liabilities represent:

A) amounts due to the owner of the business which are not payable within 12 months.
B) amounts due to outsiders which are not payable within 12 months.
C) amounts due and payable to outsiders within 12 months.
D) Both A and B.

Question 34

The effect on the statement of financial position of a business buying supplies for cash is to:

A) increase asset supplies; increase asset bank.
B) decrease asset supplies; decrease asset bank.
C) decrease asset supplies; increase asset bank.
D) increase asset supplies; decrease asset bank.

Question 35

Calculate the missing cash at bank account balance from these statement of financial position items.Equity $5,700; accounts receivable $890; accounts payable $450; inventory $360; loan to a business $1,400.

A) $4,900.
B) $5,400.
C) $2,600.
D) $6,300.

Question 36

Calculate the profit for the year if capital at the beginning is $35,000,capital at the end is $40,000 and during the year the owner withdrew $15,000.

A) $5,000.
B) $15,000.
C) $10,000.
D) $20,000.

Question 37

The effect on the statement of financial position when the owner withdraws money from the business is:

A) decrease asset bank; decrease equity.
B) decrease drawings; decrease equity.
C) increase drawings; increase equity.
D) decrease asset bank; increase equity.

Question 38

Assets are classified as either current or non-current.Current assets are:

A) goodwill.
B) expected to be turned into cash within 12 months.
C) the infrastructure assets.
D) all of the above.

Question 39

What is the effect on the statement of financial position when the business has cash sales of $12,000 of goods that were originally purchased for $8,000?

A) Increase asset bank $12,000; increase equity $12,000.
B) Increase asset bank $12,000; decrease asset inventory $8,000; increase equity $4,000.
C) Increase asset bank $4,000; increase equity $4,000.
D) None of the above.

Question 40

What is the effect on the statement of financial position when the business buys a car for $25,000,paying a deposit of $5,000 and promising to pay the balance within 60 days?

A) Increase asset vehicle by $5,000; decrease asset bank by $5,000.
B) Increase asset vehicle by $20,000; increase liability accounts payable by $20,000.
C) Increase asset vehicle by $25,000; decrease asset bank by $5,000; increase liability accounts payable by $20,000.
D) None of the above.

Question 41

Which of the following is regarded as a tangible asset?

A) Franchise.
B) Goodwill.
C) Long-term investment.
D) Copyright.

Question 42

The accounting convention that calls for financial reports to err on the side of caution is the:

A) accounting period convention.
B) stable monetary unit convention.
C) conservatism (prudence) convention.
D) objectivity convention.

Question 43

If reported profits are reduced by $5,000 in year one because of the operation of conservatism:

A) profits in later years will be unaffected.
B) profits in later years must be $5,000 higher.
C) profits in later years will be $5,000 lower.
D) none of the above.

Question 44

If current assets are $15,200,current liabilities are $3,100,non-current liabilities are $45,000 and equity is $60,000,non-current assets are:

A) $108,100
B) $48,100
C) $92,900
D) $105,000

Question 45

Under the accounting standards,which alternative measure of value is not permitted to be used for valuing assets?

A) Historical cost.
B) Net realisable value.
C) Fair value.
D) None of the above. i.e., all are permitted methods in some circumstances.

Question 46

Which accounting convention has the effect that the employees will not appear as an asset on the entity's statement of financial position?

A) Money measurement convention.
B) Accounting period convention.
C) Stable monetary unit convention.
D) Entity convention.

Question 47

What are the possible approaches to presenting a narrative statement of financial position?

A) Entity.
B) Proprietary.
C) Horizontal.
D) Both A and B.

Question 48

Which statement about current value is true?

A) Current value can only be defined one way.
B) An accounting system could be produced based on current value rather than historical cost.
C) The second-hand sale value of an asset is not an example of current value.
D) Current values are based on transactions.

Question 49

The accounting convention which results in the anticipation of losses but not of profits is:

A) matching.
B) prudence (conservatism).
C) going concern.
D) none of the above.

Question 50

Complete the following table concerning the classification of items in the statement of financial position.

Question 51

An example of where the prudence assumption leads to a reduction in the valuation of an asset is:

A) development expenditure capitalised as an asset rather than written off as an expense.
B) taking an upward revaluation of an asset to a reserve rather than including it in the profit calculation.
C) valuing inventory at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
D) All are examples.

Question 52

If the prudence (conservatism)convention conflicts with another convention,which will normally prevail?

A) Prudence (conservatism).
B) The other convention.
C) 50% of the time prudence and 50% of the time the other convention.
D) Conventions never conflict so the issue does not arise.

Question 53

Without the business entity convention,which item in the statement of financial position would not exist?

A) Assets.
B) Equity.
C) Liabilities.
D) Cash at bank.

Question 54

The accounting convention that the objectivity principle provides support for is:

A) historic cost.
B) prudence (conservatism).
C) relevance.
D) accounting period.

Question 55

The accounting convention that means only those transactions that are capable of being expressed in monetary terms are recorded,is the:

A) money measurement convention.
B) historical cost convention.
C) conservatism convention.
D) reliability convention.

Question 56

Published statement of financial positions in Australia are mostly presented in which format?

A) Horizontal format.
B) Parallel format.
C) Vertical format.
D) 'T' format.

Question 57

The accounting convention that requires the activities of the business to be kept separate from the activities of the owner is the:

A) dual aspect convention.
B) business entity convention.
C) conservatism convention.
D) accounting period convention.

Question 58

The accounting convention that states that every transaction has at least two effects on the accounting equation,so that after the transaction is processed,the equation remains in balance is the:

A) going concern/continuity convention.
B) objectivity/reliability convention.
C) conservatism/prudence convention.
D) dual aspect convention.

Question 59

The accounting convention that requires items in the statement of financial position to be valued at their acquisition cost is the:

A) matching convention.
B) realisation convention.
C) money measurement convention.
D) historic cost convention.

Question 60

There is a growing tendency for many non-current assets to be valued on the basis of market values.The item which is most likely to be valued at market value is:

A) the assets of a life insurer.
B) goodwill.
C) motor vehicles.
D) accounts receivable.

Question 61

Which of the following is not considered a deficiency of the statement of financial position?

A) The amount of discretion in recording some transactions.
B) The lack of recognition of inflation.
C) The disclosure of assets and the claims against such assets.
D) The conflict between relevant and reliable information.

Question 62

Application of the (prudence)conservatism assumption can produce:

A) higher profits.
B) higher values for assets.
C) higher amounts for liabilities.
D) lower amounts for expenses.

Question 63

The statement of financial position assists users in terms of:

A) Assessing the value of a business.
B) Determining the liquidity of a business.
C) The effectiveness of wealth generation.
D) All of the above.

Question 64

Which aspect of business performance does the statement of financial position directly provide insight into?

A) Cash flows.
B) Profitability.
C) Share price.
D) The relative proportions of funds contributed by owners and outsiders.

Question 65

The assumption that means accountants ignore inflation is:

A) the stable monetary unit assumption.
B) the going concern assumption.
C) the monetary assumption.
D) the prudence assumption.

Question 66

A limitation of the statement of financial position in portraying the financial position of an entity is:

A) items which cannot be measured in money are not included.
B) the historical cost approach means that assets are not shown at their estimated market values.
C) there is no adjustment to values for inflation.
D) All of the above are limitations.

Question 67

Which of the following conventions dictates that a sole owner's personal transactions should not be included in the records of the business?

A) Accounting period.
B) Business entity.
C) Prudence.
D) Historic cost.

Question 68

The accounting assumption that a business will continue to operate into the foreseeable future is the:

A) entity assumption.
B) going concern assumption.
C) accounting period assumption.
D) historical cost assumption.