Deck 3: Genetic and Genomic Influences

Question 1

A nurse is planning an education session on genetic testing. What would not concern the nurse when planning the session?
1) Cultural beliefs
2) Religious beliefs
3) Family values
4) Insurance reimbursement

Answer 1

4

Question 2

A student nurse asks, "What is carrier testing?" Which response by the nurse educator is most appropriate to answer the student nurse's question?
1) "Carrier testing involves testing an asymptomatic individual for carrier status for a genetic condition."
2) "Carrier testing is used to establish a diagnosis of a genetic disorder in an individual who is symptomatic or has had a positive screening test."
3) "Carrier testing is testing to identify a fetus with a genetic disease or condition. Some prenatal testing is offered routinely; other testing may be initiated due to family history or maternal factors."
4) "Carrier testing follows in vitro fertilization (IVF) testing to identify embryos with a particular genetic condition."

Answer 2

1

Question 3

A three-generation pedigree is constructed around the designated "index" patient. Based on this knowledge, which explanation of the term proband is the most accurate?
1) The "index" patient has the disorder of interest.
2) One parent of the "index" patient has the disorder of interest.
3) The "index" patient does not have the disorder of interest.
4) Siblings of the "index" patient do not have the disorder of interest.

Answer 3

1

Question 4

The nurse notes some dysmorphic facial features when examining a toddler in the well-child clinic. Which measurement taken by the nurse would not be considered when looking at dysmorphic facial features?
1) Interpupillary distance
2) Intercanthal distance
3) The distance from the outer canthus to the pinna
4) Outer cantus distance

Question 5

When completing a pedigree, which factors should be included? Select all that apply.
1) Full siblings only
2) Begin with the proband
3) Mark each generation with a Roman numeral
4) Include at least three generations
5) Use only standard pedigree symbols

Question 6

A family desires genetic testing for their adolescent. What response by the clinic nurse is appropriate?
1) "The child is a minor and cannot give consent."
2) "It is not advisable because insurance does not pay for this test."
3) "Let me discuss this with the adolescent and then we can discuss it more fully."
4) "There is a chance the adolescent might be discriminated against because of the test."

Question 7

A nurse from a pediatric clinic performs assignments and counsels parents. Which families should the nurse refer for genetic counseling? Select all that apply.
1) Female with hypoactive thyroid disease
2) Couple with multiple stillbirths
3) Couple with family history of heart disease
4) Couple with three years of infertility
5) Child born with ophthalmia neonatorum

Question 8

The nurse is preparing a three-generation family pedigree. A student asks the nurse the significance of the darkened circles. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "Males unaffected by the disease."
2) "Males affected by the disease."
3) "Females unaffected by the disease."
4) "Females affected by the disease."

Question 9

A family with a child who had a cleft lip and palate at birth are planning another pregnancy. What intervention should be recommended prior to conception?
1) A genetic family history
2) A family pedigree
3) A genetic physical assessment
4) A maternal health history

Question 10

When discussing inheritance with parents of a child with a genetic disorder, which statement by the parents indicates they understand inheritance risk?
1) "This child has a genetic disorder, so future children will not have it."
2) "Each pregnancy carries the same percent risk of inheritance."
3) "I cannot have any more children, because they will all have the disorder."
4) "There is a good chance future children will be normal."

Question 11

Which genetic test would be best for the prospective father who recently had a positive screen for a genetic condition?
1) Carrier testing
2) Predictive testing
3) Diagnostic testing
4) Prenatal testing

Question 12

When conducting a health history on a late school-age client, what would the nurse document as a dysmorphic feature?
1) A repaired cleft palate
2) A 10 percent burn to the face
3) A severed finger
4) A flat anterior fontanel

Question 13

A father is a known carrier of an X-linked condition, and asks when he will know whether his newborn son has the condition he carries. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "Genetic studies have been ordered, and they will take about a week to determine the results."
2) "We plan to run additional tests this afternoon, and should have results by the end of the day."
3) "Your son cannot have the condition because the condition is X-linked and cannot be passed on to him."
4) "There is a 50 percent chance you passed it on, but further tests are not recommended until he is a month old."

Question 14

The nurse is discussing genetic conditions with a family of a newborn. Which genetic conditions fall under the inheritance pattern of autosomal recessive conditions? Select all that apply.
1) Achondroplasia
2) Marfan syndrome
3) Hemophilia A
4) Cystic fibrosis
5) Sickle cell disease

Question 15

Parents of a child with a congenital heart defect ask what the chances are of recurrence in future pregnancies. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "There is a 50 percent chance of recurrence in a future pregnancy."
2) "There is a very low chance of recurrence."
3) "It should not happen again with a future pregnancy."
4) "There is a strong chance of recurrence."

Question 16

A nurse is planning care for a family who is undergoing genetic screening. Which expected outcome will the nurse include in the plan of care for this family?
1) Consult an attorney before making a decision.
2) Make a voluntary decision related to genetic health issues.
3) Not consider the influence of genetics on health promotion.
4) Look closely at the present before considering the future as it relates to genetic screening.

Question 17

Personalized healthcare for health promotion and maintenance can be based on environmental factors and which other item?
1) The genes a person inherited
2) Common conditions with known treatment strategies
3) Teaching strategies
4) The health of the person