Deck 3: Communication Essentials

Question 1

Which of the following is defined as an obstacle that counselors inadvertently put up that hinder self-exploration?

A) Synchrony
B) Counseling focuses
C) Communication roadblocks
D) Respect
E) Empathy

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding verbal and nonverbal behaviors?

A) Only 40 percent of our communication is based on tone of voice and body language.
B) Verbal remarks are a better indicator of the meaning of messages than nonverbal behavior.
C) Developing good nonverbal behavior is an important skill to create a trusting relationship.
D) Incongruent behavior between the nutrition counselor and client has little impact on the counseling relationship.
E) Appearing apathetic is an effective nonverbal behavior, which can strengthen the counseling relationship.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Individuals must pass through a sequence of steps before mastering a skill. Which of the following steps come last in the sequence of steps during skill development?

A) Automatic response
B) Awkwardness
C) Proficiency
D) Conscious awareness
E) Motivation

Answer 3

C

Question 4

To acknowledge, to explore, and to challenge are the three

A) models nutrition counselors can use to communicate with diverse groups.
B) types of responses nutrition counselors can use to communicate effectively.
C) stages of skill development for the nutrition counselor.
D) counseling intents that assist nutrition counselors in selecting specific responses.
E) counseling focuses that assist nutrition counselors in selecting specific responses.

Question 5

Read the following statement from the nutrition counselor: You say you want to decrease your sugar intake, but you said you ate chocolate cake for dessert everyday last week.
What is the intent of the statement above?

A) To acknowledge
B) To explore
C) To challenge
D) To empathize
E) To clarify

Question 6

Which of the following nonverbal behaviors would be representative of an individual who is nervous during the counseling session?

A) Smiling
B) Eyes wide, eyebrows raised
C) Making eye contact
D) Crossed arms
E) Erect posture

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of ineffective nonverbal behavior?

A) Regular eye contact
B) Furniture used as a barrier
C) Clearly audible voice
D) Alert energy level
E) Unobtrusive feet and legs

Question 8

You are a nutrition counselor working with a client originally from Japan. Your client rarely asks questions. What assumptions can you make?

A) The client rarely asks questions, which is typical of his or her culture.
B) The client is confused, which is why he or she rarely asks questions.
C) The client understands all of the information provided.
D) The client does not understand any of the information provided.
E) The client is afraid to ask questions.

Question 9

Which of the following nonverbal behaviors would you exhibit if you wanted to establish a trusting relationship with your client?

A) Avoiding eye contact
B) Hands over eyes
C) Making eye contact
D) Crossed arms
E) Tapping feet

Question 10

Read the following statement from the nutrition counselor: Your blood glucose is elevated and your dietary evaluation shows a high intake of carbohydrates.
What is the intent of the statement above?

A) To acknowledge
B) To explore
C) To challenge
D) To empathize
E) To self-disclose

Question 11

Which of the following is true of nutrition counseling students in the "awkwardness" stage of skill development?

A) Students in this stage have a desire to learn, and students who are more motivated to learn progress at a much higher level of expertise compared to students who are less motivated.
B) Students in this stage engage in discussions and listen to presentations to acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to become effective nutrition counselors.
C) Students in this stage are likely to feel comfortable providing nutrition counseling, but they are aware of the process.
D) Students in this stage often feel discomfort when providing nutrition counseling and are often still acquiring skills to become effective nutrition counselors.
E) Students in this stage perform at a high level of expertise and can counsel and modify their counseling under varying conditions.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of an empathetic response?

A) You have a right to feel angry about having to handle another dietary modification.
B) I was overwhelmed when I was diagnosed with a health condition.
C) It sounds like you are overwhelmed after your recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
D) How did your dinner go at the buffet last week?
E) How does that make you feel?

Question 13

Which of the following cultural groups generally speak softly, avert eyes as a sign of respect, and rarely ask questions?

A) African Americans
B) Asians
C) Latinos
D) Middle Easterners
E) Anglo Americans

Question 14

Which of the following intents should nutrition counselors use to help their clients see their situation differently or take a different course of action?

A) Acknowledge
B) Explore
C) Challenge
D) Empathize
E) Self-disclose

Question 15

Which of the following is true of nutrition counselors in the "proficiency" stage of skill development?

A) Nutrition counselors in this stage provide nutrition counseling automatically with little forethought or discomfort.
B) Nutrition counselors in this stage engage in discussions and listen to presentations to acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, and attitudes to become effective nutrition counselors.
C) Nutrition counselors in this stage are likely to feel comfortable providing nutrition counseling but are aware of the process.
D) Nutrition counselors in this stage often feel discomfort when providing nutrition counseling and are often still acquiring skills to become effective nutrition counselors.
E) Nutrition counselors in this stage perform at a high level of expertise and can counsel and modify their counseling under varying conditions.

Question 16

Which of the following is true of skill development in nutrition counseling?

A) Learning new technical skills for students of nutrition counseling is a simple task. ​
B) Individuals born without the ability to communicate well with others cannot learn counseling skills.
C) Learning and practicing counseling skills is difficult for all students.
D) Learning counseling skills through patience and practice is possible regardless of any special abilities one possesses.
E) Learning new social skills for students of nutrition counseling is the least difficult task.

Question 17

Which of the following is true of active listening?

A) Nutrition counselors should use appropriate eye contact, so the client knows the nutrition counselor is listening.
B) Nutrition counselors should not talk to or make any nonverbal cues, such as head nodding.
C) Nutrition counselors should use the same vocal volume and tone throughout the counseling session.
D) Nutrition counselors should appear apathetic throughout the counseling session.
E) Nutrition counselors should do most of the talking during the counseling session.

Question 18

Based on the model of communication, a speaker's intended meaning can be distorted. Consider the following dialogue. Nutrition counselor: Tell me what you ate yesterday.
Client: I ate horribly.    
How should the nutrition counselor respond to ensure there are no distortions to the message through the decoding process ?

A) Can you elaborate?
B) So you are telling me you ate horribly?
C) I understand. Did you eat a lot of processed foods?
D) I understand you are poorly.
E) We can talk about how to eat better.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a self-disclosing response?

A) You have a right to feel angry about having to handle another dietary modification.
B) I was overwhelmed when I was diagnosed with a health condition.
C) It sounds like you are overwhelmed after your recent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
D) How did your dinner go at the buffet last week?
E) How does that make you feel?

Question 20

Which of the following statement are true regarding cultural influences on communication?

A) The closer two individuals share a common culture, the greater the likelihood that communication distortions will occur.
B) Race, gender, age, and nationality have a minimal influence on cross-cultural communication.
C) Body language often does not differ among individuals from different cultural groups.
D) While communication styles vary among different cultural groups, individual variations still exist within cultural groups.
E) Variations in use of expressive language, degree of directness, and use of eye contact rarely differ among cultural groups.

Question 21

Individual variation exists within any particular cultural group.

Question 22

"Most people who are diagnosed with Crohn's disease feel the same way as you" is an example of what type of response?

A) Affirmation
B) Normalization
C) Partnership
D) Mirroring
E) Paraphrasing

Question 23

List and describe the four key components of attending behavior and how a nutrition counselor could apply each component during the counseling session.

Question 24

"It sounds like you are really frustrated that you have to check your blood sugar three times per day" is an example of what type of response?

A) Affirmation
B) Normalization
C) Partnership
D) Mirroring
E) Reflecting

Question 25

"You did a great job incorporating more vegetables into your diet; this is difficult to do" is an example of what type of response?

A) Affirmation
B) Normalization
C) Partnership
D) Mirroring
E) Paraphrasing

Question 26

Nutrition counselors should NOT use communication roadblocks during their counseling.

Question 27

List and describe the two steps required when providing reflecting responses. Compare and contrast a less effective and more effective reflecting response.

Question 28

List three examples of nonverbal behaviors and why it is important for nutrition counselors to assess their client's nonverbal behaviors.

Question 29

"I want us to work together to find and implement strategies that will work for you" is an example of what type of response?

A) Affirmation
B) Normalization
C) Partnership
D) Paraphrasing
E) Empathy

Question 30

List the steps of skill development for a nutrition counselor and explain why the first step is important.

Question 31

Explain how silence can be used as a valuable tool in a counseling session.

Question 32

Nutrition counselors should do the majority of the talking during the counseling session.

Question 33

"What kind of sandwich did you have for lunch?" is an example of what type of question?

A) Affirmation
B) Clarifying
C) Normalizing
D) Directing
E) Challenging

Question 34

Nutrition counselors should use confrontational responses when appropriate.

Question 35

What is synchrony and why is it important during the counseling session?

Question 36

When providing affirmations, nutrition counselors should avoid using "I" statements, such as, "I'm proud of you."

Question 37

List and describe the three counseling intents nutrition counselors can use.

Question 38

What are communication roadblocks and how a nutrition counselors could use them effectively?