Deck 2: Gender

Question 1

At what age does a child view gender as permanent?

A)very early (within the first year) since gender direction is innate
B)has not been determined
C)six to seven years old
D)just before adolescence

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The castration/sex reassignment experiment by John Money at Johns Hopkins showed that:

A)cultural influences are primary in gender identity
B)biological wiring largely dictates gender identity
C)the interaction of biology and environment dictate gender identity
D)socialization by parents determines the gender identity of a child

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Thomas Beatie, the pregnant man, is an example of:

A)a transsexual female to male
B)a cross-dresser
C)a transsexual male to female
D)intersexed adult

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Hip hop music is:

A)associated with gender stereotypes such as men being portrayed as sex-driven
B)associated with gender stereotypes such as women being portrayed as equal sex partners
C)associated with liberal stereotypes such as an end to traditional gender roles
D)considered anti-gender

Question 5

Third and fourth grade males who have a lot of male friends tend to ____ female traits.

A)denigrate
B)revere
C)love
D)absorb

Question 6

The country showing the greatest progress in closing the gender inequality gap is:

A)Iceland
B)the U.S.
C)Pakistan
D)Chad

Question 7

Lee and Waite (2010) found that women who did a lot of housework felt appreciated:

A)when their husbands did as much as they did
B)when their husbands spent a lot of time with them
C)when their husbands told them on a frequent basis they appreciated what they did
D)when their husbands were in the kitchen with them before and after dinner

Question 8

With regard to body satisfaction, women and men in China tend to:

A)reflect the cultural norms of the U.S.
B)report great gender differences, with women showing more dissatisfaction
C)report great gender differences, with men showing more dissatisfaction
D)show no gender differences

Question 9

Parents tend to require male children to perform ____ chores than female children.

A)fewer
B)more
C)about the same number
D)more ambiguous

Question 10

"Love is a more important factor than age and race in choosing a mate" is a belief:

A)held by undergraduate women more than undergraduate men
B)held by undergraduate men more than undergraduate women
C)held by both undergraduate women and men
D)held by neither undergraduate women nor men

Question 11

The stronger the religiosity of men:

A)the more accepting they are of conformist roles of women
B)the more accepting they are of relativistic roles of women
C)the more traditional and sexist their view of women is
D)the more they expect religious behavior in women

Question 12

Divorce "redoes" gender, which means that often:

A)men turn into absolutists
B)the genders become transitional and meet the definition of gender crossover
C)women turn into breadwinners and men turn into single parents
D)women turn into absolutists

Question 13

Which of the following is not a factor that reflects the parental investment of women?

A)nine months gestation
B)taking care of dependent offspring
C)selecting high status men with economic resources
D)family of orientation

Question 14

"Bars are a good place to meet a potential partner" is a belief:

A)held by undergraduate women more than undergraduate men
B)held by undergraduate men more than undergraduate women
C)held by both undergraduate women and men
D)held by neither undergraduate women nor men

Question 15

Which of the following terms is not used to determine the biological sex of a person?

A)internal sex organs
B)cognitive facility
C)chromosomes
D)hormones

Question 16

The ____ term means that women are innocent creatures that should be protected/supported.

A)laudatory sexism
B)matriarchal nurturance
C)benevolent sexism
D)patriarchal nurturance

Question 17

The sex chromosomes of a normal female are ____ and of a normal male are ____.

A)XX; XY
B)YY; XY
C)XY; XX
D)XY; YY

Question 18

Women who have equal pay and education with men still:

A)do significantly less housework
B)do a little less housework
C)do the same amount of housework
D)do more housework

Question 19

What term refers to a person who has hormones and internal/external sex organs of both females and males?

A)androgynous
B)ambiguous genderite
C)intersexed
D)cross dresser

Question 20

Female dominated occupations:

A)now include airline pilots, architects, and auto mechanics
B)are now just as likely as male dominated occupations to pay equally
C)are now backed up by gender laws that allow for equal pay
D)require less education and have lower status

Question 21

A wet nurse, sperm donor, and child bearer are examples of:

A)sexual identity
B)gender identity
C)sex role
D)both sexual identity and gender identity

Question 22

According to Freud, children acquire the characteristics and behaviors of their ____ parent through a process of ____.

A)same-sex; repression
B)same-sex; identification
C)opposite-sex; repression
D)opposite-sex; identification

Question 23

A father who punishes his sons for dressing like their mother reflects the ____ gender theory.

A)social learning
B)cognitive-developmental
C)sociobiological
D)identification

Question 24

Which of the following theories of gender role development emphasize that biological readiness influences how the child responds to gender cues in the environment?

A)sociobiological
B)social learning
C)cognitive-developmental
D)identification

Question 25

Female genital alteration in the United States is:

A)of limited legal consequence
B)a federal crime
C)a misdemeanor
D)both a and c

Question 26

According to Corra, et al., in an analysis of General Social Survey data over a 30 year period, ____ reported ____ marital satisfaction than ____.

A)men; lower; women
B)women; higher; men
C)women; lower; men
D)none of the above: both men and women report about the same level of marital satisfaction over time

Question 27

The educational system in the United States perpetuates:

A)egalitarian gender roles
B)a blend of sexism and feminism
C)traditional matriarchal gender roles
D)traditional gender stereotypes

Question 28

Religion influences gender roles in that religion promotes:

A)a patriarchal system of dominance of men over women
B)a cooperative pattern of traditional equality in the male-female relationship
C)a matriarchal system modeled after the Mother of Jesus
D)progressive equality as God intended for men and women

Question 29

Which of the following is a member of the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population?

A)African-American
B)Hispanic
C)Native-American
D)Alaskan

Question 30

African American families are stereotyped as being ____, but the more common pattern is that they are ____.

A)matriarchal, egalitarian
B)extended, restricted
C)abusive, God fearing
D)overpopulated, expanding horizontally

Question 31

Caribbean women view ____ as the symbol of womanhood.

A)marriage to a tall Caribbean man
B)motherhood
C)the role of grandmother
D)the ability to balance family and employment

Question 32

Four-year-old Mary tells her mother that she does not want her hair cut short because then she will be a boy, and she does not want to be a boy. We can conclude that Mary:

A)is probably experiencing transgender issues
B)is gender aschematic
C)is probably afraid of her father
D)does not understand gender permanence

Question 33

Gender dysphoria refers to which of the following?

A)a condition in which one's gender identity does not match one's biological sex
B)a condition in which a person has both male and female genitals
C)a condition in which a person exaggerates his or her gender characteristics
D)a condition in which a person exhibits both feminine and masculine personality traits

Question 34

Viewing yourself as a woman or a man is a reflection of your:

A)sex
B)gender
C)gender identity
D)sex role

Question 35

The fact that parents name their children Tom or Mary, dress them in pants or dresses, and hand out either blue or pink birth announcements reflects that the family is:

A)a gendered institution
B)a sexist institution
C)an anachronistic institution
D)an ahistorical institution

Question 36

Women are more likely to contract an STD or HIV from a man than vice versa because:

A)women have more sexual partners than men
B)women receive more bodily fluids from men during sexual intercourse than vice versa
C)women are more promiscuous after they have been drinking
D)the female condom does not work as well as the male condom

Question 37

Latino family gender role patterns are moving toward:

A)gender equality and complementariness between the genders
B)matriarchy
C)a blend of matriarchy and patriarchy
D)they are not changing; they are entrenched in years of traditional patriarchal ideology

Question 38

Another term for intersexed is:

A)transsexual
B)middlesex
C)cross-dresser
D)transvestite

Question 39

What is the most enduring of all relationships?

A)the relationship with one's parents
B)the relationship with one's spouse
C)the relationship between two brothers
D)the relationship between two sisters

Question 40

When ninth grade children watch "romantic" TV (e.g., soaps, Lifetime movies), they are:

A)more likely to develop egalitarian gender role attitudes
B)more likely to develop traditional gender role attitudes
C)more likely to develop tolerance for transgender people
D)more likely to develop a blend of matriarchal and patriarchal attitudes

Question 41

Women show more concern than men for which of the following job characteristics?

A)interpersonal relationships
B)pay
C)opportunity for advancement
D)status

Question 42

A dichotomous sex classification means that:

A)heterosexuals and homosexuals are recognized and treated as equals
B)individuals are recognized as being primarily male or female
C)men and women have dual androgynous qualities
D)the sexes are born equal but sexism devalues and denigrates women

Question 43

"I am a male trapped in a female body" is a feeling expressed by:

A)a transsexual
B)a cross-dresser
C)a homosexual
D)an intersexed person

Question 44

Which of the following people can be accused of being sexist?

A)a person who treats both women and men equally
B)a woman who has been cheated on and calls all men "dogs"
C)a man who loves to go to "Hooters" and thinks women who work there are "easy"
D)both the woman who calls men "dogs" and the man who says women are "easy"

Question 45

In which Caribbean country are fathers very involved with their children?

A)Trinidad
B)Belize
C)Fathers are not involved with their children in any Caribbean country.
D)No research is available on this question.

Question 46

Your textbook promotes which of the following views about gender?

A)Women are restricted by traditional gender role expectations, but men are not.
B)Men are restricted by traditional gender role expectations, but women are not.
C)Both women and men are restricted by traditional gender role expectations.
D)Traditional gender role expectations are not restrictive for either women or men.

Question 47

The point of Margaret Mead's research on three tribes is New Guinea is that:

A)human beings are mostly the result of their genetic wiring
B)androgyny is more "natural" than either traditional or egalitarian roles
C)culture constructs gender in different ways
D)intersexuality is present in all cultures

Question 48

Which of the following has contributed to occupational sex segregation?

A)gender dysphoria
B)traditional gender roles
C)modern, egalitarian gender role ideology
D)laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex

Question 49

A content analysis of music videos revealed all of the following except for showing:

A)males as aggressive
B)females as subordinate
C)women as sexual objects
D)males as romantic

Question 50

Ken likes to play football and cries at sad movies. He is:

A)gender dysphoric
B)androgynous
C)gender neutral
D)transgendered

Question 51

Who studied gender roles in three New Guinea tribes?

A)Erica Jong
B)Carl Sagan
C)Margaret Mead
D)Alfred C.Kinsey

Question 52

Women who have experienced female genital alteration (when compared to those who have not) are more likely to report:

A)pain during intercourse and loss of libido
B)an increase in libido
C)the absence of pain during intercourse
D)a sense of freedom in having sex with no contraceptive worries

Question 53

Reasons men are likely to have fewer friends than women include:

A)homophobia and competition with other men
B)the fear of losing status if the friend makes considerably more money
C)jealousy
D)none of the above: men and women tend to have an equal number of friends

Question 54

Gender postmodernism calls for a new category (third sex) of people who:

A)would be recognized as capable of many different identities
B)would be androgynous with social fluidity
C)would be transcendent in social roles, including transgendered
D)would no longer be dimorphic but androgynous and transcendent

Question 55

What law did the French pass in 2010 regarding the burqa?

A)France protected the right of Muslim women to wear the burqa in public.
B)France prohibited the wearing of clothing intended to hide the face in public.
C)France allowed the burqa on religious holidays only.
D)France allowed the burqa only on older women (over 65)

Question 56

Afghanistan women under the Taliban were said to have only two places to occupy:

A)inside a burqa and in the kitchen
B)the extended family and the church
C)the church and the home
D)the husband's bed and the graveyard

Question 57

Another term sometimes used for a female genital alteration is ____.

A)genital alternative
B)clitoral circumcision
C)sex libido control
D)female sexual abuse

Question 58

A person who aspires to be characterized as an androgynous person wants to:

A)have traits that are neither masculine nor feminine
B)end sexism and live in a world where women and men are equal
C)live in a world where there is no longer a sexual double standard
D)have a personality that reflects a blend of masculinity and femininity

Question 59

A person who has "transcended" gender roles is one who:

A)can cry or be aggressive without regard to whether this is like a woman or man
B)treats both women and men equally
C)aspires to be androgynous
D)prefers to be called a transgendered person

Question 60

When men occupy an occupational role, it tends to:

A)lower the status of the role
B)be discriminated against
C)pay more
D)pay less

Question 61

What are five examples of the ways in which traditional gender role socialization of men
affects their relationships with women?

Question 62

Women are more likely than men to believe that love is more important than race and
age in selecting a partner.

Question 63

Wives who do a lot of housework feel appreciated to the degree that their husbands spend
time with them.

Question 64

Increasingly, women are more likely to graduate from college than men.

Question 65

Knowing that Maria and Jose attend church regularly, we might predict that their gender role ideology is traditional since gender roles are influenced by religion.

Question 66

Parents in some African countries encourage female genital cutting of their daughters
because they feel it increases the chance that their daughters will find a man who will
marry them.

Question 67

Which of the following is not a prediction with regard to women in the future?

A)Women will be less likely to use sperm donors to become mothers.
B)Women will be able to take care of themselves economically.
C)Women will require marriage for fulfillment less often.
D)Women will be more open to adopting children.

Question 68

Compare the biosocial and social learning theories of gender differences. What are the
strengths and weaknesses of each theory?

Question 69

Men tend to see themselves as competitive, sarcastic, and sexual; and women concur.

Question 70

In spite of women having more equal pay and education, they still do more housework.

Question 71

What are five examples of the ways in which traditional gender role socialization of women affects their relationships with men?

Question 72

Differentiate between the terms sex, gender, gender role, gender role ideology and
transgender.

Question 73

Differentiate between the terms cross-dresser and transsexual in terms of
biological sex, sexual orientation, and most usual case.

Question 74

How does religion influence the development of traditional gender role beliefs/attitudes?

Question 75

Men tend to see women as moody and easily embarrassed.

Question 76

John Money of the Gender Identity Clinic at Johns Hopkins Medical School provided
evidence that gender identity is learned rather than biologically programmed.

Question 77

Hip hop music perpetuates gender role stereotypes.

Question 78

People who identify as transsexual are individuals who may want to have surgery to alter their genitals so that they can become a member of the other sex.

Question 79

Explain the notion that "biological sex may be viewed as existing on a continuum, rather than as two discrete categories (male and female)."

Question 80

Women are more likely to contract STIs and HIV from men than men are from women.