Deck 5: Alkenes: Structure,nomenclature,and an Introduction to Reactivity - Thermodynamics and Kinetics

Question 1

Draw vinyl bromide.

Answer 1

CH₂ CHBr

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A)2-methyl-1-butene
B)isopentene
C)2-methybutene
D)2-ethylpropene
E)3-methyl-3-butene

Answer 2

2-methyl-1-butene

Question 3

Provide an acceptable name for the following compound.

Answer 3

1,6-dibromocyclohexene

Question 4

Provide an acceptable name for the following compound.

Question 5

Name the structure.

A)2-ethyl-1-pentene
B)2-propyl-1-butene
C)3-methylenehexane
D)3-methyl-3-hexene
E)ethyl propyl ethene

Question 6

Name the structure.

A)4-chlorocyclohexene
B)1-chloro-3-cyclohexene
C)1-chloro-3-cycloheptene
D)4-chlorocycloheptane
E)4-chlorocycloheptene

Question 7

Give the possibilities in structure for a compound with a formula of C₆H₁₀.

A)no rings,no double bonds,no triple bonds
B)one double bond,or one ring
C)two rings,two double bonds,one double bond + one ring,or one triple bond
D)three rings,three double bonds,two double bonds + one ring,one ring + two double bonds,one triple bond + one ring,or one double bond + one ring
E)benzene

Question 8

Give the general formula for a cyclic alkene.

A)C_nH_2n-4
B)C_nH_2n-2
C)C_nH_2n
D)C_nH_2n+2

Question 9

Give the degree of unsaturation for benzene.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 10

Muscalure,the sex attractant of the common housefly,is an acyclic alkene that contains 23 carbons.How many hydrogen atoms are in a molecule of muscalure?

Question 11

Which of the following is vinyl chloride?

A)CH₃CH₂Cl
B)CH₂ CHCH₂Cl
C)CH₂ CHCl
D)
E)

Question 12

Name the structure.

A)7-chloro-3-ethyl-4-methyl-3-heptene
B)1-chloro-5-ethyl-4-methyl-3-heptene
C)1-chloro-3-pentenyl-2-pentene
D)cis-7-chloro-3-ethyl-4-methyl-3-heptene
E)trans-7-chloro-3-ethyl-4-methyl-3-heptene

Question 13

What is the common name for the following compound?

A)t-butylene
B)sec-butylene
C)isobutylene
D)butylene
E)methylpropylene

Question 14

β-Phellandrene is a hydrocarbon component of eucalyptus oil whose molecular formula is C₁₀H₁₆.A molecule of β-phellandrene contains 2 π-bonds.How many rings are in β-phellandrene?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 15

What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon that contains 8 carbon atoms,one ring,and two π bonds?

Question 16

What is the IUPAC name for the following compound?

A)5-methylcyclohexene
B)4-methylcyclohexene
C)1-methyl-3-cyclohexene
D)1-methyl-4-cyclohexene
E)methylcyclohexene

Question 17

What is the molecular formula of the hydrocarbon that contains 5 carbon atoms,one ring,and one π bond?

Question 18

Name the structure.

A)2-methyl-2,4-pentadiene
B)4-methyl-1,4-pentadiene
C)2-methylene-4-pentene
D)4-methylene-2-pentene
E)2-methyl-1,4-pentadiene

Question 19

A hydrocarbon with molecular formula C₂₀H₃₄ has what degree of substitution?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 20

Name the structure. H₂C CHCH₂I

A)vinyl iodide
B)allyl iodide
C)1-iodo-2-propene
D)iodomethylethene
E)2-iodo-1-propene

Question 21

Provide the IUPAC name for the alkene shown below.

Question 22

Name the structure.

A)(Z)-3-ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-2-penten-4-ynal
B)(E)-3-ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-2-penten-4-ynal
C)(Z)-3-ethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-3-penten-1-ynal
D)(E)-3-ethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-3-penten-1-ynal
E)3-ethyl-5-hydroxymethyl-3-penten-1-ynal

Question 23

Provide the proper IUPAC name for the alkene shown below.

Question 24

Name the structure.

A)cis-4,5-dimethyl-4-hepten-1-ol
B)trans-3,4-dimethyl-3-hepten-7-ol
C)cis-3,4-dimethyl-3-hepten-7-ol
D)trans-4,5-dimethyl-4-hepten-1-ol
E)trans-4,5-dimethyl-4-heptenol

Question 25

Which of the following is an allylic alcohol?

A)CH₂ CHCH₂OCH₃
B)CH₂ CHCH₂CH₃
C)HOCH CHCH₂CH₃
D)CH₃CH CHCH₂OH
E)CH₂ CHCH₂CH₂OH

Question 26

Provide the systematic name of the compound shown below.Make sure to include the E or Z designator if necessary.

Question 27

Name the structure.

A)(2E,4E)-7-chloro-2,4-heptadiene
B)(2Z,4E)-7-chloro-2,4-heptadiene
C)(2Z,4Z)-7-chloro-2,4-heptadiene
D)(2E,4Z)-7-chloro-2,4-heptadiene
E)7-chloro-2,4-heptadiene

Question 28

Draw the structure of propyl vinyl ether.

Question 29

Which of the following statements about ethene,C₂H₄,is incorrect?

A)The H-C-H bond angles are approximately 109.5°.
B)All of the hydrogen atoms are in the same plane.
C)There is a total of five sigma bonds.
D)The carbon atoms are sp² hybridized.
E)The H-C-H bond angles are approximately 120°.

Question 30

Draw the structure of (Z)-1-chloro-2-methyl-2-butene.

Question 31

Provide the systematic name of the alkene below.

Question 32

Provide the systematic name of the compound shown below.Make sure to include the E or Z designator if necessary.

Question 33

Draw and name the six alkenes which have the molecular formula C₅H₁₀.

Question 34

Give the hybridization,shape,and bond angle for a carbon in ethene.

Question 35

How many carbons are in the planar double-bond system of 3-methylcyclopentene?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 36

Which of the following statements about propene,CH₃CH CH₂,is correct?

A)All nine atoms lie in the same plane.
B)The compound has a cis and trans isomer.
C)It generally acts as a Lewis acid.
D)There is a total of eight sigma bonds.
E)All the carbon atoms are sp² hybridized.

Question 37

Name the structure.

A)(Z)-4,5-dimethyl-4-hepten-1-ol
B)(E)-4,5-dimethyl-4-hepten-1-ol
C)(E)-3,4-dimethyl-3-hepten-7-ol
D)(Z)-3,4-dimethyl-3-hepten-7-ol
E)(E)-4,5-dimethyl-4-heptenol

Question 38

Name the structure.

A)cis-3-ethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-hex-3-en-1-yne
B)cis-2,3-diethylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-ol
C)trans-2,3-diethylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-ol
D)cis-3,4-diethylpent-3-en-1-yn-5-ol
E)trans-3,4-diethylpent-3-en-1-yn-5-ol

Question 39

Draw (E)-2-methyl-3-hexen-1-ol.

Question 40

Provide an acceptable name of the compound below.

Question 41

Draw the curved arrows to show how CH₃CH=CHCH₃ reacts with HBr to form a carbocation.

Question 42

Draw all the possible constitutional isomers of C₄H₈.

Question 43

What is the activation energy for the reaction B → A in the following diagram?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 44

Calculate the enthalpy for the following reaction. H-Cl,103 kcal/mole
CH₃CH₂-H,101 kcal/mole
CH₃CH₂-Cl,85 kcal/mole

Question 45

An increase in which of the following will occur if the reaction temperature is increased? I.Energy of activation
II)Collision frequency
III)Fraction of collisions with sufficient energy

A)I and II
B)I and III
C)II and III
D)I,II,and III
E)I

Question 46

How many transition states are present in the following reaction diagram?

A)3
B)4
C)5
D)2
E)1

Question 47

Which of the following is capable of exhibiting cis-trans isomerism?

A)1-butene
B)1-pentene
C)cyclohexene
D)ethene
E)2-butene

Question 48

Which of the following best describes the geometry about the carbon-carbon double bond in the alkene below?

A)E
B)Z
C)neither E nor Z

Question 49

Which of the following is not an electrophile?

A)(H⁺)
B)(BF₃)
C)(⁺NO₂)
D)(Fe⁺³)
E)(CH₂ CH₂)

Question 50

Draw the structure of two alkenes with molecular formula C₄H₈ that do not exhibit cis-trans isomerism.

Question 51

Which of the following is not a nucleophile?

A)FeBr₃
B)Br^-
C)NH₃
D)
E)CH₃OCH₃

Question 52

Draw the structure of (Z)-4-ethyl-3-methylheptene.

Question 53

Draw the structure of (Z)-4-ethyl-3,6-dimethyl-3-heptene.

Question 54

An increase in which of the following results in a decrease in the rate of the chemical reaction?

A)temperature
B)concentration
C)collision frequency
D)energy of activation
E)fraction of collisions with proper orientation

Question 55

Assign the E or Z configurational label to the following molecule:

Question 56

Which of the following contributes to make ΔG° more negative?

A)use of a catalyst
B)a more positive ΔH°
C)a more positive ΔS°
D)a larger rate constant
E)none of the above

Question 57

Identify the nucleophiles and electrophiles.
^-OH,BH₃,H₂O,⁺CH₃,NH₃,Br^-

Question 58

What is the value of ΔH in kcal/mole for the reaction shown? (CH₃)₃C-H + Cl-Cl → (CH₃)₃C-Cl + H-Cl
Bond energies are: (CH₃)₃C-H = 91 kcal/mole
(CH₃)₃C-Cl = 78.5 kcal/mole
Cl-Cl = 58 kcal/mole
H-Cl = 103 kcal/mole

A)+32.5
B)-57.5
C)-32.5
D)+57.5
E)-8.5

Question 59

Give the mechanism for the following reaction.

Question 60

Which of the following correctly describes intermediates and/or transition states?

A)Transition states occur at minima on reaction coordinate diagrams.
B)Both transition states and intermediates occur at maxima on reaction coordinate diagrams.
C)An intermediate is always produced after the rate-determining step of a reaction mechanism.
D)Transition states have partially formed bonds whereas intermediates have fully formed bonds.
E)none of the above

Question 61

Provide the proper IUPAC name of the following compound

Question 62

Consider the single step interconversion of A and B shown below.How is the equilibrium constant K related to the rate constants k₁ and k _-1 and to the amounts of A and B present at equilibrium?

Question 63

Under what conditions is ΔG° equal to ΔH° for a chemical reaction?

Question 64

How many degrees of unsaturation are present in a molecule with formula C₁₀H₁₆?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 65

Consider the reaction coordinate diagram shown.Which step has the greatest rate constant in the forward direction?

Question 66

Consider the reaction coordinate diagram shown.What is the rate-determining step in the conversion of A to G?

Question 67

Which of the following correctly describes the reaction shown?

A)ΔH° >0 and ΔS° >0
B)ΔH° >0 and ΔS <0
C)ΔH° <0 and ΔS >0
D)ΔH° <0 and ΔS <0
E)ΔH° = ΔS = 0

Question 68

Why do reactions tend to proceed at a faster rate as T increases?

Question 69

Given an activation energy of 15 kcal/mol,use the Arrhenius equation to estimate how much faster the reaction will occur if the temperature is increased from 100°C to 120°C.R = 1.987 cal/mol ∙ K.

Question 70

How many degrees of unsaturation are present in this molecule?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 71

The ΔG° for the conversion of "axial" isopropylcyclohexane to "equatorial" isopropylcyclohexane at 298K is -2.1 kcal/mol.Calculate the percentage of isopropylcyclohexane molecules that have the isopropyl substituent in the axial position at this temperature.
[R = 1.987 × 10^-3 kcal mol^-1K^-1]

Question 72

Which of the following correctly describes the reaction whose reaction coordinate diagram is shown?

A)endergonic with no transition state
B)exergonic with no transition state
C)endergonic with a transition state
D)exergonic with a transition state
E)endergonic with an intermediate

Question 73

Consider the reaction coordinate diagram shown.Which step has the greatest activation energy?

A)A going to C
B)C going to E
C)E going to G
D)E going to C
E)C going to A

Question 74

Consider the one-step conversion of F to G.Given that the reaction is endergonic by 5 kcal/mol and that the energy difference between G and the transition state for the process is 15 kcal/mol,sketch a reaction-energy profile for this reaction.Make sure to show how the given energy differences are consistent with your sketch.

Question 75

Based on the following energy diagram,which compound,A or C,is formed faster from B? Which is more stable,A or C? Explain.

Question 76

Linalool is a major compound present in the essential oil of coriander.How many degrees of unsaturation are present in this molecule?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 77

The Arrhenius equation models how the rate constant k

A)increases as both E_a and T increase.
B)increases most when E_a increases and T decreases.
C)increases most when E_a decreases and T increases.
D)increases as both E_a and T decrease.
E)increases as reactant concentrations increase.

Question 78

Consider the conversion of C to D via a one-step mechanism.The activation energy of this conversion is 3 kcal/mol.The energy difference between D and the transition state of the reaction is 7 kcal/mol.Estimate ΔH° for the reaction C → D.

Question 79

Consider the reaction coordinate diagram shown.Which letters designate intermediates?

Question 80

What is the free energy of activation of a one-step reaction? How is it qualitatively related to the rate constant of the reaction?