Deck 2: Lymphoid System

Question 1

Which of the following would be found on the surface of a pre-B cell?

A) delta and kappa chains
B) gamma and lambda chains
C) epsilon and kappa chains
D) mu and surrogate light chains

Answer 1

mu and surrogate light chains

Question 2

Which of the following distinguishes mature B cells from B cells at other stages of development?

A) co-expression of IgM and IgD
B) expression of surrogate light chains
C) lack of surface immunoglobulin
D) only stage to express IgA and IgB

Answer 2

co-expression of IgM and IgD

Question 3

D-J rearrangements only have occurred in which stage of B cell development?

A) pro-B cell
B) pre-B cell
C) immature B cell
D) mature B cell

Answer 3

pro-B cell

Question 4

T lymphocytes undergo antigen-independent maturation in the:

A) thymus
B) bone marrow
C) lymph node
D) spleen

Question 5

The difference in kinetics between a primary and secondary immune response is due to the presence of:

A) memory cells in the secondary response
B) suppressor cells in the primary response
C) macrophages in the secondary response
D) T cells in the primary response

Question 6

The purpose of negative selection of B cells is to:

A) Eliminate B cells that don't express mu.
B) Prevent activation of B cells in the bone marrow.
C) Direct more B cells to become T cells.
D) Identify B cells that are specific for self-antigens.

Question 7

Predominant cell types involved in the humoral immune response are:

A) eosinophils
B) macrophages
C) neutrophils
D) B cells

Question 8

Neutrophils and other cells have receptors on their surface that bind to the Fc region of IgG,which is known as:

A) CD3
B) CD4
C) CD8
D) CD16

Question 9

A cell that can recall previous contact with a particular antigen so that subsequent exposure leads to a more rapid and more effective immune response than the first encounter is by definition which type of cell?

A) memory lymphocyte
B) effector lymphocyte
C) plasma cell
D) stem cell

Question 10

B cells that respond against self-antigens will undergo:

A) receptor editing
B) anergy
C) apoptosis
D) all of these
E) two of these

Question 11

T helper cells recognize which of the following?

A) exogenous peptide bound to class II
B) native extracellular viral proteins
C) endogenous peptides bound to class I
D) microbe-specific structures

Question 12

Tissues that function by trapping and concentrating antigens for presentation to cells of the immune system are known as:

A) peripheral or secondary lymphoid organs
B) primary or generative lymphoid organs
C) either of the above
D) neither of the above

Question 13

Antigen-independent differentiation of B cells occurs in the:

A) bone marrow
B) spleen
C) lymph node
D) Peyer's patches

Question 14

When IgM on the surface of an immature B cell binds to a self-antigen,which of the following processes can occur?

A) class switch
B) affinity maturation
C) apoptosis
D) differentiation

Question 15

The primary site of antigen trapping and presentation to immune cells is the:

A) spleen
B) thymus
C) bone marrow
D) brain

Question 16

The only cells in the body capable of specifically recognizing and distinguishing different antigenic determinants are:

A) macrophages
B) dendritic cells
C) lymphocytes
D) neutrophils

Question 17

The germinal center of a lymph node is made up primarily of which type of cell?

A) B cells
B) T cells
C) dendritic
D) macrophages

Question 18

B cells that express low-affinity IgM,respond to bacterial polysaccharides,and express CD5 are known as:

A) B-2 cells
B) plasma cells
C) B-1 cells
D) memory B cells

Question 19

Which of the following would NOT be found on the surface of a mature,naive B cell?

A) IgA and IgB
B) lambda and mu chains
C) CD19
D) surrogate light chains

Question 20

The receptor for antigen on a mature naïve B cell is:

A) MHC class I
B) IgG
C) IgM
D) MHC class II

Question 21

Which of the following cells that participate in cell-mediated immunity are antigen specific and directly cytotoxic for target cells?

A) macrophages
B) TH1 cells
C) cytotoxic T cells
D) natural killer cells

Question 22

Natural killer cells recognize and kill target cells that are:

A) opsonized with IgE
B) lacking expression of HLA-A,B,and C
C) lacking expression of HLA-DR,DP,and DQ
D) presenting antigen associated with HLA-A,B,or C

Question 23

A T cell that is rarely found in secondary lymphoid organs and recognizes a limited number of native epitopes is known as a(n):

A) helper T cell
B) gamma-delta T cell
C) cytotoxic T cell
D) alpha-beta T cell

Question 24

How are cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells similar?

A) Both require antibody to be bound to the target cell.
B) Both induce apoptosis in the target cell.
C) Both recognize peptide plus HLA class I.
D) Both kill target cells lacking HLA class I.

Question 25

T cells differ from B cells in which of the following ways?

A) T cells express surface immunoglobulin.
B) B cells express CD19 but not CD3.
C) T cells express CD19,CD3,and CD4.
D) B cells express surface immunoglobulin and CD3.

Question 26

Cytotoxic T cells are the primary immune response against which pathogen?

A) viruses
B) intracellular parasites
C) extracellular bacteria
D) intracellular bacteria

Question 27

Helper T cells function directly in:

A) presenting antigen with class I MHC
B) delayed-type hypersensitivity
C) performing VDJ rearrangement in B cells
D) target cells with perforin

Question 28

Granzymes activate which of the following in a target cell?

A) phagocytosis
B) apoptosis
C) cytokine secretion
D) complement activation

Question 29

The cells that primarily function by secreting large amounts of cytokines are:

A) plasma cells
B) B cells
C) T helper cells
D) cytotoxic T cells

Question 30

Which T cell surface protein is associated with the T-cell receptor and is involved in signal transduction?

A) CD3
B) CD4
C) CD8
D) CD154

Question 31

An immature T cell differs from a mature T cell because an immature T cell:

A) expresses beta chains and pre-Ta
B) does not express T-cell receptor or CD3
C) co-expresses CD4 and CD8
D) is normally found in lymph nodes

Question 32

T cells emerging from the thymus are:

A) MHC restricted
B) self-tolerant
C) antigen specific
D) all of these

Question 33

The purpose or end result of negative selection of the T cell is to ensure:

A) MHC restriction
B) self-tolerance
C) T-cell receptor expression
D) expression of CD3

Question 34

Which of the following binds to CD16 on the surface of natural killer cells?

A) class I
B) Fc of IgG
C) T-cell receptor
D) peptide

Question 35

Perforin and granzymes are used by which cells to kill target cells?

A) CD8 T cells
B) CD4 T cells
C) natural killer cells
D) B cells
E) two of these

Question 36

Which of the following is a cytotoxic T cell membrane-bound factor that is involved in inducing apoptosis in target cells?

A) perforin
B) IL-2
C) granzyme
D) Fas ligand

Question 37

T cells travel from the bone marrow to the thymus for maturation.What is the correct order of the maturation sequence for T cells in the thymus?

A) bone marrow to the cortex; after thymic education,released back to peripheral circulation
B) storage in either the cortex or medulla; release of T cells into the peripheral circulation
C) maturation and selection occur in the cortex,then the medulla; release of mature T cells to secondary lymphoid organs
D) activation and selection occur in the medulla; mature T cells stored in the cortex until activated by antigen

Question 38

The T-cell receptor for antigen comprises which of the following molecules?

A) alpha and betachains
B) two gamma and two delta chains
C) epsilon and gamma chains
D) alpha chain and beta-2-microglobulin

Question 39

Which of the following exhibits allelic exclusion in its expression?

A) T-cell receptor
B) class I
C) class II
D) killer inhibitory receptor

Question 40

Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptors are similar in which of the following properties?

A) multiple gene segments encoding the variable region
B) antigen-binding site that recognizes conformational epitopes
C) requirement for antigen presentation
D) antigen-dependent somatic mutation

Question 41

Which cells are responsible for killing virally infected host cells and tumor cells?

A) CD4 T cells
B) CD8 T cells
C) B cells
D) eosinophils

Question 42

In antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity,target cells are recognized by which of the following?

A) T-cell receptor on the effector cell binding to Fab of IgG bound to the target cell
B) C-type lectin inhibitory receptors on effector cell binding to class I on target cell
C) CD16 on the effector cell binding to Fc of IgG bound to the target cell
D) CD154 on the effector cell binding to CD40 on the target cell

Question 43

Lymphocytes that mature in the thymus are involved in which immune response?

A) cytokine-mediated responses
B) antibody production
C) phagocytosis
D) any of the above

Question 44

Sheep red blood cells forming rosettes around T cells is due to the presence of which of the following on T cells?

A) CD2
B) CD8
C) CD16
D) CD56

Question 45

Which of the following surface markers are found on mature T cells?

A) IgM and IgD
B) IgG and IgA
C) CD19
D) CD3

Question 46

The function of T cells with CD4 antigen is which of the following?

A) to help B cells make antibody
B) to kill virally infected cells
C) phagocytosis
D) production of opsonins

Question 47

Which of the following contain B cells that are actively responding to antigen?

A) peripheral blood
B) primary follicles
C) germinal centers
D) bone marrow

Question 48

Which of the following surface markers are found on mature B cells?

A) IgM and IgD
B) IgG and IgA
C) CD4
D) CD3

Question 49

A lymphocyte exhibits the following markers: CD19,IgM,IgD.What is its likely identity?

A) double-negative T cell
B) immature B cell
C) double-positive T cell
D) mature B cell

Question 50

Lymphocytes that have IgM,IgD,and MHC class II antigens on their surface,and they mature in the bone marrow itself,are:

A) B cells
B) T cells
C) NK cells
D) eosinophils

Question 51

A plasma cell differs from a B cell in which way?

A) Plasma cells are only found in peripheral blood.
B) Only plasma cells secrete circulating antibody.
C) Plasma cells secrete cytokines.
D) Plasma cells are an immature form in B-cell development.

Question 52

Which of the following represents the best explanation for the action of natural killer (NK)cells?

A) They recognize specific antigen.
B) They kill if MHC class I is present.
C) They kill by releasing perforins.
D) They participate in phagocytosis.

Question 53

Which cell is capable of producing antibody?

A) plasma cell
B) CD4+ T cell
C) macrophage
D) neutrophil

Question 54

Which marker would be found on pre-B cells?

A) CD3
B) ( $\mu$ ) heavy chains
C) CD16
D) IgD

Question 55

Which best describes the specific antigen receptor that is a part of CD3 found on T cells?

A) It appears in the double-negative stage.
B) Alpha and beta chains bind antigen.
C) It is found only on T helper cells.
D) All eight chains are specific for antigen.

Question 56

Which marker is found on the group of T cells that assist B cells in making antibody?

A) CD2
B) CD19
C) CD4
D) CD5

Question 57

All lymphocytes arise from stem cells made in the:

A) bone marrow
B) spleen
C) lymph nodes
D) liver

Question 58

The stage in B-cell development in which TdT and RAG enzymes appear is called:

A) thymocyte
B) pro-B
C) pre-B
D) plasma cells

Question 59

Which is a primary lymphoid organ?

A) the spleen
B) tonsils
C) thymus
D) lymph nodes

Question 60

All of the following are characteristic of a lymph node EXCEPT:

A) filters drainage from tissues
B) colonized with T and B cells
C) between 1 and 25 mm in size
D) considered a primary or central lymphoid organ

Question 61

Which of the following would be considered a primary lymphoid organ?

A) spleen
B) lymph nodes
C) tonsils
D) bone marrow

Question 62

Where does contact with antigen and activation of B cells normally occur?

A) in the peripheral blood
B) in connective tissue
C) in the thymus
D) in lymph nodes