Deck 6: Learning

Question 1

Whenever five-year-old Claire goes to the dentist,she becomes anxious and cries.Since she was not afraid of the dentist on her first visit,her fear was a learned behavior.The UCS in this case was probably

A)the dentist's beard.
B)sweet toothpaste.
C)the pain associated with teeth cleaning.
D)the sound of the music in the dentist's waiting room.

Answer 1

the pain associated with teeth cleaning.

Question 2

The tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement is called

A)equipotentiality.
B)instinctive drift.
C)SALTT.
D)discovery learning.

Answer 2

instinctive drift.

Question 3

Which of the following is reflective of Seligman's research on conditioned taste aversion?

A)Once a taste aversion has been conditioned,it is relatively easily to extinguish.
B)Repeated pairings of the CS with the UCS are needed to produce a taste aversion.
C)Contrary to most classically conditioned reactions,only one pairing of the CS with the UCS is needed to produce a taste aversion.
D)If a taste aversion to mayonnaise has emerged,it is likely that an aversion to other creamy sauces will emerge.

Answer 3

Contrary to most classically conditioned reactions,only one pairing of the CS with the UCS is needed to produce a taste aversion.

Question 4

You wake up at three o'clock in the morning,craving a glass of water.You get out of bed and walk to the kitchen but you do not turn on the light.Your ability to successfully navigate her house in the dark is due to the presence of

A)a cognitive map.
B)vicarious learning.
C)insight learning.
D)sleep learning.

Question 5

According to _____ theory,learning is controlled by the consequences of an organism's behavior.

A)observational learning
B)classical conditioning
C)cognitive learning
D)operant conditioning

Question 6

The kind of learning that applies to voluntary behavior is called _____.

A)operant conditioning
B)classical conditioning
C)effective based learning
D)discovery learning

Question 7

A small chamber used in operant conditioning of animals that limits the available responses and,thus,increases the likelihood that the desired response will occur,is called a(n)_____ box.

A)trial
B)Skinner
C)Thorndike
D)operant

Question 8

Omar and Patrick sell magazine subscriptions by telephone.Omar is paid $1.00 for every 5 calls he makes,while Patrick is paid $1.00 for every subscription he sells.Omar is paid on a _____ _____ schedule while Patrick is paid on a _____schedule.

A)fixed ratio; variable ratio
B)fixed ratio; fixed interval
C)variable ratio; fixed ratio
D)fixed ratio; variable interval

Question 9

After Pavlov's dogs became conditioned to salivate at the sound of the metronome,he experimented with sounding the metronome but not presenting the meat powder to the dogs.Soon they stopped salivating to the sound of the metronome.This represents the process called _____.

A)acquisition
B)testing
C)extinction
D)spontaneous recovery

Question 10

Which of the following represents the findings of David Premack?

A)Disallowing a child to have ice cream because he/she did not eat his/her vegetables
B)Allowing a child to have ice cream only if he/she eats his/her vegetables
C)Allowing a child to have ice cream even if he/she does not eat their vegetables
D)Allowing the child to have an extra ice cream cone if he/she dislikes the first cone