Deck 49: Wheel Alignment

Question 1

Aftermarket kits are only used to adjust rear camber and rear toe.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The rear axle of an FWD car is the preferred jacking point when the rear wheels need to be removed to make rear toe and camber adjustments.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

SAI [steering axis inclination] helps the vehicle's steering system return to straight ahead after a turn.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Proper alignment is possible if the vehicle ride height is incorrect.

Question 5

During a four-wheel alignment, front toe is set to the vehicle's centerline.

Question 6

Unequal caster angles cause the vehicle to steer toward the side with greater caster.

Question 7

When performing an alignment the steering angle sensor may require calibration.

Question 8

Front wheel toe changes as a car goes around a corner.

Question 9

Front-wheel-drive vehicles with strut suspensions typically have a higher SAI angle than rear-wheel-drive vehicles with short-long arm suspension.

Question 10

A toe adjustment of 1/8 inch outside of specifications will have little effect on tire life.

Question 11

A vehicle set at the factory specification of 1/16 inch toe-in will have zero toe when driven at highway speeds.

Question 12

Front wheel drive vehicles with strut suspension typically have no provision for adjusting caster.

Question 13

Which of the following tire wear patterns will result from excessive negative camber?

A) wear down the center of the tread
B) wear along the inside edge of the tread
C) wear along the outside edge of the tread
D) none of these answers is correct

Question 14

Check and adjust the front wheel angles before checking and adjusting the rear wheel angles when performing a four-wheel alignment.

Question 15

The ideal situation is to have all four wheels at zero running toe when the car is traveling
down the road.

Question 16

Adjustments to front wheel camber or caster settings affect the turning radius angles.

Question 17

Incorrect caster angles cause tire wear problems.

Question 18

Heavy items in the trunk or passenger compartment that are normally carried in the vehicle should not be removed during a four-wheel alignment.

Question 19

On some models a pop rivet must be removed from the strut mount before a camber adjustment can be made.

Question 20

Caster adjustments are normally made at the top of the strut assembly.

Question 21

____ is the angle represented by the tilt of a wheel inward or outward from the vertical as viewed from the front of the car.

A) Camber
B) Caster
C) Toe
D) Steering axis inclination

Question 22

Technician A says tilting the top of the wheel forward will result in a negative caster. Technician B says tilting the top of a wheel outward will result in negative camber. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 23

All the following statements are correct EXCEPT:

A) Toe adjustments affect steering wheel centering
B) Excessive toe-out settings cause the tires to wear on the outside edges
C) The vehicle will steer toward the side with the greatest toe
D) Front wheel toe is the last adjustment made during a front-end alignment

Question 24

After a two wheel alignment, the steering wheel on the vehicle is not centered. Technician A recommends a four wheel alignment to determine whether the rear wheels are parallel to one another and perpendicular to a common centerline. Technician B says if the steering wheel is not centered after an alignment, it should be pulled off the column and correctly positioned. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 25

An incorrect turning radius angle is being discussed. Technician A says replacement shims can be used in many vehicles to correct the condition. Technician B says steering or suspension parts are damaged. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 26

All the following angles are adjustable during wheel alignment EXCEPT:

A) turning radius
B) camber
C) toe
D) caster

Question 27

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A) Camber is the inward or outward tilt of a wheel as viewed from the front of the car
B) Incorrect camber may cause tire wear problems
C) Unequal camber angles cause the vehicle to steer toward the side with more positive camber
D) Bent suspension parts may be straightened to correct camber angles

Question 28

Technician A says a vehicle may wander as a result of excessive negative caster. Technician B says positive caster will result from excessive toe-in. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 29

Technician A says if the distance between the leading edges of the front tires is less than the distance between the trailing edges, then there is toe-in. Technician B says front toe-in is adjusted by adding or removing shims between the upper control arms and the body/frame. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 30

A cam bolt at the junction between the base of the strut assembly and the steering knuckle is used to adjust the ______.

A) caster
B) camber
C) toe
D) SAI

Question 31

Technician A says if caster at both wheels is not equal, the vehicle will tend to drift toward the side with the most positive caster. Technician B says if camber is not the same on both wheels, the vehicle will pull toward the side with the most positive camber. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 32

Road crown is being discussed. Technician A adds slightly more negative caster on the left side to compensate. Technician B adds slightly more positive camber on the right side. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 33

All of the following statements about front wheel toe adjustment are true EXCEPT:

A) The front wheels must be in the straight ahead position when adjusting toe
B) The front wheel toe should be adjusted before the front wheel caster
C) Before adjusting toe, the outer bellows clamps should be loosened
D) Toe adjustments are made at the tie-rods

Question 34

In what direction must the top of a tire and wheel assembly be moved to add more positive camber?

A) forward
B) backward
C) inward
D) outward

Question 35

Unequal SAI angles may cause ______.

A) brake pull
B) bump steer
C) torque steer
D) all answers are correct

Question 36

____ is the angle of the steering axis of a wheel from the vertical, as viewed from the side of the vehicle.

A) Camber
B) Caster
C) Toe
D) Steering axis inclination

Question 37

Technician A says caster is the first angle checked during a two wheel alignment. Technician B says all vehicles with strut suspension have caster adjustments. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 38

Technician A says the presence of an excessive thrust angle can cause poor directional stability on ice, snow, or wet pavement. Technician B says an excessive thrust angle can increase tire wear. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 39

Four-wheel alignment concepts are being discussed. Technician A says the wheels are adjusted to be parallel to one another. Technician B says the wheels are adjusted to be perpendicular to a common centerline. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 40

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A) SAI refers to steering axis inclination
B) unequal side-to-side SAI will not cause a pull while driving
C) SAI affects the steering system return to the straight-ahead position after a turn
D) SAI angles out of specifications indicate damaged or worn steering or suspension components

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a method for adjusting caster or camber?

A) slotted frames
B) eccentrics
C) adjusting sleeves
D) shims

Question 42

When the right front wheel is turned 20 degrees to the left the left front wheel moves only 18 degrees. What could be the problem?

A) steering arm
B) bent pitman arm
C) excessive setback on the left side
D) nothing-this is normal

Question 43

A four-wheel alignment is sometimes called a(n) ____________________-wheel alignment.

Question 44

Many vehicles are designed to use ____________________ of various thickness to adjust camber and caster settings.

Question 45

The ____________________ bolt and cam assembly is often used to adjust camber and caster settings.

Question 46

The outside edge of the right front tire is worn, but the center and inside edge are almost new. The wear on the outside surface is smooth and not scalloped, feathered, or sawtoothed. The left-side tire shows no sign of wear. What could be the problem?

A) incorrect caster
B) incorrect camber
C) incorrect toe
D) incorrect tire pressure

Question 47

Before adjusting toe on a rack-and-pinion system, Technician A loosens the small outer bellows clamp. Technician B installs a steering wheel holder between the steering wheel and the driver's seat. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 48

____________________ is the distance comparison between the leading edge and trailing edge of the front tires.

Question 49

A vehicle that has excessive setback on the right front is being diagnosed. Technician A says the problem could be caused by a bent lower control arm. Technician B says the problem could be caused by a misaligned front cradle. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 50

Excessive toe-in will cause ______.

A) a sawtooth edge on the tread surface
B) excessive wear on the outside edge of the tire
C) excessive wear on the inside edge of the tire
D) both "a sawtooth edge on the tread surface" and "excessive wear on the outside edge of the tire"

Question 51

The difference of the sum of the rear toe from the geometric centerline of the vehicle is called the ____________________ angle.

Question 52

Technician A says comparing the SAI, included, and camber angles can help identify damaged or worn components. Technician B says if the toe-out-on-turns [turning angle] is not correct, the tie-rods, steering arm, or steering knuckle are damaged and will need to be replaced. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 53

Which of the following is not a problem caused by excessive positive caster?

A) hard steering
B) poor steering return
C) wheel shimmy
D) excessive road shock

Question 54

The difference of rear toe from the geometric centerline is called the _____ angle.

A) steering inclination
B) thrust
C) toe centerline
D) rear caster

Question 55

Technician A says cross caster is the difference between the left-side and right-side caster. Technician B says excessive negative caster can be corrected by moving the upper ball joint, or strut mount, forward. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) Neither A not B

Question 56

Which of the following angles has the greatest effect on tire wear?

A) caster
B) camber
C) toe
D) SAI

Question 57

Correct ____________________ results from having all suspension parts in their correct location, in good condition, and aligned so that the rear wheels follow directly behind the front wheels while moving in a straight line.

Question 58

SAI + camber = ______

A) caster angle
B) turning radius angle
C) thrust angle
D) included angle

Question 59

Technician A says thrust line deviations are usually caused by the shifting of the rear axle on its spring supports. Technician B says rear wheel misalignment or damage from an accident can cause thrust line deviations. Who is correct?

A) A only
B) B only
C) both A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 60

A vehicle is being aligned that has too much positive camber and too little positive caster on the left front wheel. The vehicle has an adjustable strut mount that allows for both caster and camber adjustment. In what direction should the mount be moved?

A) outward and forward
B) outward and rearward
C) inward and forward
D) inward and rearward

Question 61

____________________ is the angle between true vertical and a line drawn between the steering pivots as viewed from the front of the vehicle.

Question 62

Define positive camber.

Question 63

An ___________________is a limited-purpose, tire contact, vehicle hoist (lift) equipped with turning radius plates.

Question 64

Some vehicles allow the upper ball joint to be rotated 180 degrees to change the camber angle approximately ____________________ degree(s).

Question 65

When should wheel alignment be checked?

Question 66

What is the difference between a two wheel alignment and a four wheel alignment?

Question 67

____________________ is the angle of the steering axis of a wheel from the vertical, as viewed from the side of the vehicle.

Question 68

Correct ____________________ angles are designed to provide steering stability.

Question 69

Identify six prealignment checks that should be made before performing a wheel alignment.

Question 70

What can be caused by excessive negative caster?

Question 71

What is setback?

Question 72

Turning the adjustment sleeve on the ____________________ changes the toe setting.

Question 73

Why must the vehicle be at the proper ride height before an alignment is done?

Question 74

Identify three locations where front wheel camber may be adjusted.

Question 75

What is the correct sequence for adjusting alignment angles during a four-wheel alignment?

Question 76

What is SAI?

Question 77

What is scrub radius?

Question 78

____________________ is the last alignment angle to be set.

Question 79

Describe the tire wear condition that will occur from an incorrect front toe setting.

Question 80

______________________ may also be called turning radius or turning angle.