Deck 9: The Nervous System

Question 1

Fred has been diagnosed with a disease that causes him to forget that his relatives have been to see him. What parts of his brain are likely affected, given this information?

A) hippocampus and amygdala
B) medulla oblongata and thalamus
C) corpus callosum and pons
D) cerebellum and midbrain

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following can be defined as a collection of structures involved in emotions and memory?

A) CNS
B) limbic system
C) autonomic system
D) parasympathetic system

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Gustav heard that a new sports drink would bulk up his muscles. He was worried that the stuff would contain steroids but was assured by his coach that it did not. He tried small amounts at first but then became impatient for results and drank a lot. He collapsed and was rushed to the emergency room with a high temperature. Using the information in this chapter, which part of the brain was most affected?

A) cerebrum
B) hypothalamus
C) pons
D) insula

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Two of the divisions of the nervous system are nerves that control voluntary actions and nerves that control involuntary actions. These nerves are both found in the ________ nervous system.

A) central
B) somatic
C) peripheral
D) spinal

Question 5

Which of the following is a specific function of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A) thinking
B) promoting inflammation
C) bone building
D) shock absorption

Question 6

This 1-inch section of the brain controls the breathing rhythm and heart rate.

A) temporal lobe
B) hippocampus
C) occipital lobe
D) medulla oblongata

Question 7

If you go to the refrigerator and reach in to take out a drink, you will not normally fall over because of this part of the brain.

A) pons
B) choroid plexus
C) cerebellum
D) amygdala

Question 8

The patient is awake many times during brain surgery. In an operation to remove a brain tumor, Dr. Judson accidentally poked a certain area of the cerebrum, whereupon the patient said, "Why is my arm being tickled?" What area was poked?

A) pons
B) occipital lobe
C) primary somatosensory area
D) medulla

Question 9

Ivana has a rapidly growing brain tumor and must be put on life support because she can no longer maintain appropriate heart and respiratory rates. She is also having trouble maintaining blood pressure. The most likely area that the tumor is affecting is the ________.

A) corpus callosum
B) thalamus
C) occipital lobe
D) medulla oblongata

Question 10

A very deep groove that runs between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the ________.

A) lateral fissure
B) central fissure
C) fissure of Rolando
D) longitudinal fissure

Question 11

The NFL has stated that about one in four football players will exhibit signs of cognitive impairment as a result of repeated trauma to the brain. Which of the following is a result of such repeated trauma?

A) Brain tissue starts to deteriorate.
B) Abnormal proteins build up in the brain tissue.
C) Neurons in the brain are killed off.
D) All of the above are true.

Question 12

Dr. Ling, the famous brain surgeon, removes a portion of the skull during surgery. Which of the meninges does she see first?

A) ventricle
B) pia mater
C) dura mater
D) arachnoid

Question 13

When you ride your bike to class, which area of the cerebrum are you using to move your leg muscles?

A) premotor cortex
B) corpus callosum
C) somatosensory
D) thalamus

Question 14

Tunde has started to forget where she puts things and often forgets the names of people she has just met. What part of her brain is most likely not performing properly, according to the information in the text?

A) prefrontal cortex
B) hippocampus
C) cerebrum
D) cerebellum

Question 15

Sam was in a terrible head-on collision. When he recovered from all of the obvious, external injuries, the once affable and happy-go-lucky person had become surly and very unfriendly. Which part of his cerebrum was most likely damaged?

A) prefrontal cortex
B) Broca's area
C) thalamus
D) postcentral gyrus

Question 16

Wow! That medicine really tasted bitter! In which lobe of the cerebrum did you consciously think about that?

A) frontal
B) occipital
C) temporal
D) parietal

Question 17

Juanita was in an automobile accident and received a bad bump on her head. Although she had been a slender and calm person, after the accident she began to eat a lot and have emotional ups and downs. Her body temperature also fluctuated more dramatically than in the past. What part of her brain is most likely damaged?

A) cerebellum
B) midbrain
C) hypothalamus
D) fornix

Question 18

Which of these structures is located under the cerebral hemispheres and is important in sensory experience, motor activity, stimulation of the cerebral cortex, and memory?

A) hypothalamus
B) thalamus
C) pons
D) cerebellum

Question 19

During an automobile accident, Susan received a serious head injury to the left side. Afterward she had a hard time speaking, although she showed that she understood what was being said to her. Which area of her cerebrum was damaged?

A) occipital lobe
B) frontal lobe
C) temporal lobe
D) medulla oblongata

Question 20

Which brain structure maintains homeostasis and influences blood pressure, heart rate, digestive activity, breathing rate, and body temperature?

A) hypothalamus
B) medulla oblongata
C) thalamus
D) cerebellum

Question 21

Heidi injured a ventral root below her ribs. What problem will she likely experience?

A) She will not be able to close her eyes.
B) She will become deaf.
C) She will lose all sense of touch in her abdomen.
D) She will have trouble walking.

Question 22

As John walked outside the ballpark, a foul ball sailed over the fence and came straight at him. He saw it, and before he could think of what to do, he had reflexively jumped out of the way. What part of the brain saved John from a nasty bump?

A) hypothalamus
B) pons
C) medulla oblongata
D) midbrain

Question 23

The ________ continually senses and adjusts our body systems to maintain homeostasis.

Question 24

The ________ is the branch of the peripheral nervous system that is made up of nerves that carry information to and from the CNS, which results in sensations and voluntary movement.

Question 25

The ________ is responsible for converting information from the short-term to the long-term memory.

Question 26

Stress, relaxation, hunger, consuming the wrong foods, and too much or too little sleep can contribute to which of the following?

A) stroke
B) coma
C) headache
D) spinal cord injury

Question 27

When you feel a touch on your arm, the ________ in the cerebrum makes you consciously aware of that sensation.

Question 28

The brain stores large amounts of information for hours, days, or years. This type of memory is called ________.

Question 29

The area of the cerebral cortex that sends messages to the skeletal muscles in order to control voluntary movement is known as the ________.

Question 30

Your neighbor tried to lift a propane tank onto the back of his pickup truck and ruptured the cartilaginous disk between two of his vertebrae. What is most likely to happen to him?

A) He will have bloody stools.
B) He will suffer pain from a compressed spinal nerve.
C) He might have severe brain damage.
D) His spinal nerve cord will enlarge.

Question 31

You are generally not aware of the texture of the cloth of your shirt as it rests on your shoulders, unless someone or something happens to make you think of it. What part of the brain is responsible for filtering out such stimuli?

A) reticular activating center
B) primary motor area
C) postcentral gyrus
D) cerebellum

Question 32

Charles is comatose. What part of his brain is not working properly?

A) limbic system
B) reticular activating system
C) corpus callosum
D) amygdala

Question 33

When our ancestors were confronted by a saber tooth tiger, the ________ nervous system was responsible for "supercharging" their escape, while the ________ nervous system returned the body systems to normal after escaping the danger.

Question 34

The ________ consists of myelinated axons that conduct impulses over long distances.

Question 35

Memory, emotions, and thinking about smells are all found in the ________.

Question 36

The ________ functions as the sensory area for touch, vision, hearing, and olfaction as well as association areas for interpreting sensations, language, thinking, decision making, self-awareness, creativity, and storing memories.

Question 37

If a certain water-soluble, intravenous antibiotic is not succeeding in defeating the germs inside the central nervous system, the ________ may be preventing the antibiotic from reaching the brain.

Question 38

A circuit of neurons that helps in the automatic response to a stimulus is a(n) ________.

Question 39

The thin outer layer (1 to 2 mm thick) of each hemisphere of the brain that serves to increase the surface area by being arranged in a folded manner is called the ________.

Question 40

Inflammation of the protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord is known as ________.

Question 41

Professor Morningstar has developed a terrific new antibiotic to be taken orally in water-based syrup, but it is not working against bacterial meningitis. Based on the information in this chapter, can you suggest a reason? Can you suggest a solution to the problem using the information in the textbook?

Question 42

Shawfiq must have a benign tumor removed from his brain. The surgeon tells him that only local anesthesia will be administered as she cuts through Shawfiq's scalp and that he will remain conscious the whole time. Shawfiq is really nervous about this because the brain seems to be a very sensitive area to have surgery on, particularly while he is wide awake. Explain to him why he shouldn't be so nervous.

Question 43

An interruption to the blood supply of the brain may cause a(n) ________.

Question 44

Arnold was involved in a major traffic accident, and some of the nerves in his spinal cord were cut. What are his chances for a full recovery? Please explain your answer.

Question 45

This part of the peripheral nervous system carries sensory information from the skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to the central nervous system and may also direct voluntary movements.

Question 46

Enrique was working with chemicals in a paint factory and suddenly lost the ability to detect odors. Could this loss have anything to do with a failure in the thalamus?

Question 47

If Georgina takes a drug that increases the effects of norepinephrine, what changes would we see in the basic activities of her body?

Question 48

While driving down the interstate at rush hour, you get cut off by an 18-wheeler and have to slam on the brakes. In addition to a major case of road rage, you also develop a rapid heart rate and breathing rate. What caused this increase? (Indicate the branch of the nervous system and neurotransmitters.) What is happening to your digestion at this point?