Deck 14: Respiratory System

Question 1

The region enclosed by the rectangle is a (an)

A) bronchiole
B) terminal bronchiole
C) respiratory bronchiole
D) alveolar duct
E) alveolar sac

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of following structures belongs to the respiratory (as opposed to the conducting) portion of the respiratory system?

A) alveolus
B) primary bronchus
C) secondary bronchus
D) trachea
E) terminal bronchiole

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The walls of bronchioles have

A) a C-ring of cartilage in their submucosa
B) plates of cartilage in their adventitia
C) no cartilage in their wall
D) no elastic fibers associated with them
E) a pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Pneumocytes II (type II pneumocytes) are responsible for which of the following?

A) regeneration of the alveolar epithelium
B) phagocytosis of dust
C) formation of the blood-air barrier
D) synthesis of mucinogen
E) exchange of gases

Question 5

The epithelial lining of terminal bronchioles possesses

A) type I pneumocytes
B) type II pneumocytes
C) alveoli
D) Clara cells
E) goblet cells

Question 6

Oxygen and carbon dioxide crossing between blood and air in the lungs must pass through cells of the following types:

A) type I pneumocyte only
B) type I pneumocyte and endothelial cells
C) type I pneumocyte and type II pneumocyte
D) type II pneumocyte only
E) Clara cells and endothelial cells

Question 7

Identify the structure enclosed in the rectangle

A) elastic cartilage of the epiglottis
B) fibrocartilage of the intervertebral disk
C) cartilage plate of a secondary bronchus
D) C ring of the trachea
E) epiphyseal plate of a growing bone

Question 8

In which of the following structures is ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium not found?

A) trachea
B) primary bronchi
C) secondary bronchi
D) larynx
E) alveolar duct

Question 9

A baby who was just born is suffering from respiratory distress of the newborn and is given glucocorticoids to stimulate

A) bronchiolar smooth muscle contraction
B) contraction of the diaphragm
C) type I pneumocytes to function
D) type II pneumocytes to function
E) dust cells to function

Question 10

Patients who are in the last phase of poliomyelitis, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome usually die of respiratory failure because their

A) elastic fibers are damaged
B) collagen fibers are damaged
C) skeletal muscles become weakened
D) smooth muscle become weakened
E) alveoli become congested

Question 11

A patient goes to his allergist for the symptoms of headache, pain below the eyes, toothache affecting the upper teeth, and general malaise. The allergist determines that the patient has an infection of the

A) frontal sinuses
B) maxillary sinuses
C) sphenoidal sinuses
D) ethmoidal sinuses
E) larynx

Question 12

Patients with emphysema have a reduced amount of $\alpha$ ₁-antitrypsin. This protein functions in

A) destroying elastic fibers
B) inhibiting elastase
C) destroying collagen fibers
D) inhibiting collagenase
E) eliciting antibody formation by plasma cells

Question 13

A patient is brought into the emergency department because she is bleeding from the Kiesselbach area. Blood is apparent on (in) the patient's

A) external ear canal
B) lip
C) nostril
D) rectum
E) urethra

Question 14

The olfactory cells possess olfactory cilia whose terminal ends have

A) dynein arms
B) nine peripheral doublets
C) two central doublets
D) nine peripheral singlets
E) two central singlets and nine peripheral doublets