Deck 15: Immunogenetics

Question 1

A client presents to the emergency department with a wound that occurred 36 hours ago.The wound is red,hot,and draining a small amount of pus.Which statement by the nurse is indicated?

A)"You should have come in earlier instead of waiting until you got an infection."
B)"This redness,heat,and pus indicate your immune system is trying to fight off an infection."
C)"This is a nasty-looking wound."
D)"Didn't you clean this out when it happened?"

Answer 1

"This redness,heat,and pus indicate your immune system is trying to fight off an infection."

Question 2

A client has been diagnosed with an acquired immunodeficiency disorder and expresses concern that she might pass this disorder on to her future children.What should the nurse consider when forming a response to this concern?

A)Because the acquired immunodeficiency disorder is viral,it may be transmitted to the children.
B)There is a high possibility of transmitting this disease genetically.
C)This woman will likely never conceive children due to this illness.
D)Genetic transmission would occur only if genetic damage or mutation were present.
E)Genetic transmission is unlikely.

Answer 2

Because the acquired immunodeficiency disorder is viral,it may be transmitted to the children.
Genetic transmission is unlikely.

Question 3

The mother of a 3-month-old infant says,"My baby was exposed to a child in my neighborhood who has chickenpox.Will my baby get chickenpox too?" How should the nurse respond?

A)"Probably,but the case will be very mild."
B)"Your baby probably received passive immunity from you and is protected."
C)"Your infant will get chickenpox only if she received an immunization against varicella."
D)"Active immunity against many diseases is passed to your baby before birth."

Answer 3

"Your baby probably received passive immunity from you and is protected."

Question 4

A nurse wishes to practice according to the latest findings in social genomics research.Which situations exemplify those findings?

A)The nurse straightens the client's hospital room and picks up clutter on every visit.
B)The nurse asks to be included in a committee charged with the task of individualizing client meals.
C)The nurse takes on extra shifts as often as possible.
D)The nurse often asks the client's family if they are comfortable or need anything.
E)The nurse frequently pauses through the day for a few moments of calm breathing.

Question 5

An infant is diagnosed with severe deficiency of innate immunity.Which explanations of this system of immunity should the nurse offer the infant's family?

A)"Innate immunity is that which is present at birth."
B)"Your baby's innate immunity protects him against some microbes."
C)"Innate immunity protects your baby against any foreign substance introduced into the body."
D)"Your baby's innate immunity should get stronger as he is exposed to pathogens."
E)"We were able to determine that innate immunity rather than acquired immunity was depressed because blood tests showed normal levels of complement."

Question 6

A client recently diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis asks if she has passed on this disease to her children.Which nursing responses are most appropriate?

A)"There is really no way for us to know until your children are adults."
B)"RA is an autoimmune disease with no genetic link."
C)"Genetic testing can be done to see if your children carry any genetic alterations associated with RA."
D)"I can get you information on your disease that will better explain your options."
E)"Autoimmune diseases are so complex,and genetics is only one factor in their development."

Question 7

A client asks,"Why do we get some diseases,like chickenpox,only once,but I get a cold several times a year?" What is the nurse's best response?

A)"The immune system develops a memory for chickenpox,or varicella,but not for colds."
B)"Chickenpox,or varicella,is caused by one virus,while colds are caused by many different viruses."
C)"So many people are immunized against varicella that exposure is rare."
D)"Some people do get varicella more than once."

Question 8

The nurse has asked a client to keep a food diary to help understand the connection between nutrition and immunity.Which entries would meet the design of this diary?

A)10:00 a.m.: Susan's birthday,had a piece of cake and a cup of coffee in the break room at work
B)3:00 p.m.: soft pretzel
C)Supper: hot dog and diet cola at son's baseball game with family
D)Apple and peanut butter
E)Feeling stressed,had four pieces of candy from dish on my desk

Question 9

The nurse has incorporated the use of relaxation techniques into the care of clients with cancer.What is the best rationale for this inclusion?

A)Relaxation techniques calm clients,making them more cooperative during invasive procedures.
B)It has been shown that clients receiving chemotherapy lose less hair when they are relaxed.
C)Relaxation influences the immune system.
D)Relaxation techniques can eliminate the need for pain medication in cancer clients.

Question 10

The nurse would like to ensure that a cancer client receives the maximum benefit from music being played in the client's room.According to research,which intervention should the nurse plan?

A)Use music popular in the happiest years of the client's life.
B)Play classical music quietly in the background.
C)Plan time for the nurse to stay with the client while the music is played.
D)Play only music that has a positive,uplifting message.

Question 11

A client's blood work reveals eosinophilia.Which finding from the client's history would the nurse interpret as most pertinent to this finding?

A)The client's activity level is sedentary.
B)The client follows a vegetarian diet.
C)The client went on a mission trip to Mexico last month.
D)The client drinks four to six beers each weekend.

Question 12

A client scheduled for surgery asks,"Is it okay that the surgeon is going to remove my tonsils and adenoids?" What is the nurse's best response?

A)"Sometimes removing tissue is a healthier option than leaving it in place."
B)"Those tissues don't do anything but cause sore throats,so it is good to be rid of them."
C)"We aren't certain why we have them to start with."
D)"This is a common procedure,and you will have to be on prophylactic medications during cold and influenza season for the first year after having these tissues removed."

Question 13

A client has a lifelong history of eczema and developed hay fever as a young adult.The nurse would expect which levels of IgE antibodies in this client?

A)The levels would be very low.
B)The levels should be normal unless the client is actively ill.
C)The levels are likely to be higher than normal.
D)There is no connection between IgE and these diseases.

Question 14

The nurse is talking with a client about the need for immunosuppressant medications after a kidney transplant in the coming week.The client says,"I understand why I need these medications for the new kidney,but I don't understand why my body doesn't reject the kidneys I have." What is the nurse's best response?

A)"That is just the way we are made."
B)"You don't worry about that.It is so complicated and you need to focus on getting better."
C)"As we develop,our immune cells learn to identify self-cells."
D)"That doesn't happen because of clonal deletion."