Deck 1: B: The Science of Psychology

Question 1

A(n)is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

A)independent variable
B)dependent variable
C)experimental effect
D)correlation

Answer 1

correlation

Question 2

The question "What is happening?" refers to which of the following goals in psychology?

A)description
B)explanation
C)prediction
D)control

Answer 2

description

Question 3

Which research method involves watching behaviors as they occur without intervening or altering the behaviors in any way?

A)case study
B)experiment
C)correlational studies
D)naturalistic observation

Answer 3

naturalistic observation

Question 4

What is one of the major reasons that psychologists use operational definitions?

A)to comply with legal requirements
B)to identify all the extraneous variables
C)so that effects can be measured
D)to explain research results so that nonpsychologists can understand

Question 5

Which of the following statements concerning critical thinking is incorrect?

A)There are few truths that need not be tested.
B)All evidence is not equal in quality.
C)Some authorities should not be questioned.
D)Critical thinking requires an open mind.

Question 6

A good control group ________.

A)contains at least one confound
B)has a limited number of dependent variables
C)has a limited number of research participants
D)holds constant all variables in the experiment

Question 7

Who claimed that behavior is affected by reinforcement?

A)William James
B)Sigmund Freud
C)B.F.Skinner
D)Wilhelm Wundt

Question 8

Dr.Jones probably agrees with the ________ theory of psychology,since he contends that humans are intelligent species due to the fact that intelligence gives us an advantage in the natural world.

A)psychoanalytic
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)evolutionary

Question 9

"There is no life outside this solar system and nothing you can say will change that fact!" Which criterion of critical thinking does this person lack?

A)Evidence is only necessary if it can be tested.
B)All evidence is not equal in quality.
C)Authority or expertise does not make the claims of the authority or expert true.
D)Critical thinking requires an open mind.

Question 10

"Children who watch violent cartoons will become more aggressive." According to the scientific method,this statement is most likely a ____________.

A)conclusion
B)result
C)hypothesis
D)fact