Deck 4: Interest Articulation

Question 1

Compared to other democracies,citizens of the United States vote at rates that are

A)higher on the local,state,and national levels.
B)higher on the local level,and lower on the state and national level.
C)higher on the state level,but lower on the local and national level.
D)generally lower than those of other countries.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Controlled interest-group systems are most common in

A)authoritarian systems.
B)democratic systems.
C)pluralist systems.
D)parliamentary systems.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Changes in Eastern Europe in the past decade have been most apparent in the growth of

A)trade unions.
B)anomic groups.
C)associational groups.
D)class-based interest groups.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Associational groups may include all of the following EXCEPT

A)French student groups.
B)the British Medical Association.
C)the National Rifle Association.
D)the Kennedy family.

Question 5

The most common and best known form of political participation is

A)voting.
B)running for election.
C)persuading someone else to vote for your candidate.
D)listening to news reports on television.

Question 6

Political participation cross-nationally tends to be lower among the lower social classes because

A)the lower classes tend not to support social welfare policies.
B)the upper classes have more to lose in electoral politics.
C)the lower classes feel the government can do little for them.
D)the upper classes have more resources and greater political efficacy.

Question 7

A "free rider" is an individual who

A)shares in collective benefits and shares risk and cost.
B)is part of an insurance policy.
C)shares in the collective benefits without sharing the cost.
D)is free to participate in the political process.

Question 8

The concept of "relative deprivation" as developed by Ted Robert Gurr is used to explain

A)frustration,discontent,and anger that motivates social aggression.
B)all political violence.
C)the lack of alternatives to political violence in a system.
D)why the poor are more likely to be involved in political demonstrations than the rich.

Question 9

Individuals and groups in one nation with similar issue concerns to those of individuals and groups of other nations often communicate by Internet or in international policy forums to find solutions for problems that cross national borders.These phenomena may indicate the growth of

A)discontent with national governments.
B)unrest among indigenous peoples.
C)the diffusion of ideas.
D)a global civil society.

Question 10

A society that is characterized by social and political interaction free of state control or regulation is called a(n)

A)anomic society.
B)anarchic society.
C)civic society.
D)civil society.

Question 11

A democratic corporatist interest-group system is characterized by

A)corporations' involvement in interest group formation.
B)systematic involvement of businesses or other interest groups in making and implementing policy.
C)high levels of control by business over public policy.
D)an emphasis only on the needs of business.

Question 12

A group which has a base of individuals with enduring common interests,ethnicity,region,religion,or occupation,but no formal structure,is called a(n)

A)anomic.
B)nonassociational.
C)corporatist.
D)class-based.

Question 13

The effectiveness of mass media is limited by the

A)sensitizing of the public to critical issues.
B)confusion created by a number of messages.
C)lack of a specific direction.
D)all of the above

Question 14

A pluralist system is distinguished by

A)competition between and among autonomous associational groups.
B)negotiating between and among groups with governmental support.
C)a system wherein only those interests which reflect plural ethnicities are considered.
D)the control of interest groups over implementation or policy.

Question 15

A group in which many individuals respond spontaneously to a frustration,disappointment,or strong emotion,but which has no prior organization or planning,is called a(n)________ group.

A)individual
B)class-based
C)non-associational
D)anomic

Question 16

Protest demonstrations are most effective when

A)the regime's legitimacy is strong.
B)they are organized.
C)they have uneducated leadership.
D)they commit terrorist acts.

Question 17

The means by which citizens and social groups express their needs and demands to government is known as the process of

A)interest aggregation.
B)interest articulation.
C)communication.
D)interest association.

Question 18

If a government institutes a voluntary program to encourage people to use unleaded gasoline,some people will not do so,and they take advantage of others' efforts.This illustrates an example of

A)the prisoner's dilemma.
B)the bureaucratic inertia problem.
C)the political paradox problem.
D)the collective action problem.

Question 19

Elections are sometimes described as a "blunt policy tool" to communicate interests because

A)voting often does not yield a clear outcome regarding which individual has won.
B)the public is dissatisfied with the performance of governmental institutions.
C)party systems tend to be oligarchic.
D)they involve several different issues.

Question 20

Better educated and higher social status individuals

A)are less likely to use opportunities for participation.
B)may have feelings of political efficacy and civic duty.
C)do not need to organize because they have significant financial resources.
D)are less likely to organize than working-class individuals.

Question 21

People failing to organize for a common interest because the individual costs outweigh the individual benefits demonstrates the collective action problem.

Question 22

Political parties and legislatures are types of institutional groups.

Question 23

Spontaneous,unorganized protests are the most effective for interest groups representing emotional issues.

Question 24

The use of political terror is more often likely to produce negative consequences rather than facilitate positive political change.

Question 25

Modernization and globalization affect interest group development in both democratic and authoritarian systems.

Question 26

In pluralist interest-group systems,there is no clear distinction between the government and interest groups.

Question 27

In controlled interest-groups systems,groups exist to facilitate government control of society.

Question 28

Compared to countries of similar economic development,the United States has a high level of voter turnout.

Question 29

The most frequent forms of political participation revolve around elections.

Question 30

Nonassociational groups form suddenly when many individuals react to an event that stimulates frustration,disappointment,or other strong emotions.