Deck 3: Cell

Question 1

Mitosis is division of the _______. In mitotic cell division, following cytokinesis there are _____ cells.

A)cytoplasm; 2
B)nucleus; 2
C)cytoplasm; 4
D)nucleus; 4

Answer 1

B

Question 2

_________ contain digestive enzymes and are used to clean up the cell, digest bacteria that have entered the cell, or breakdown worn-out organelles.

A)Peroxisomes
B)Vesicles
C)Lysosomes
D)Ribosomes

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The ________ is the organelle active in most of the lipid and carbohydrate synthesis within the cell.

A)Golgi complex
B)mitochondria
C)rough endoplasmic reticulum
D)smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The cellular structure that is composed mostly of a lipid bilayer with imbedded proteins is the

A)nucleus.
B)plasma membrane.
C)cytoplasm.
D)nucleolus.

Question 5

The numerous short hair-like projections that move things across the surface of cells are

A)microvilli.
B)flagella.
C)cilia.
D)microtubules.

Question 6

The _________ is the organelle which is sometimes referred to as the powerhouse of the cell due to the fact that it produces ATP most efficiently.

A)Golgi complex
B)mitochondria
C)rough endoplasmic reticulum
D)smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 7

The __________ acts as the cell's "post office" by sorting, processing, and packaging materials to be transported within the cell or excreted.

A)Golgi complex
B)mitochondria
C)rough endoplasmic reticulum
D)smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

For facilitated diffusion to occur it requires

A)energy.
B)a gradient.
C)a carrier protein.
D)a gradient and carrier protein.

Question 9

The _________ are sites of protein synthesis within cells.

A)nucleoli
B)vesicles
C)lysosomes
D)ribosomes

Question 10

The _______ are the folds of the mitochondria that form the matrix.

A)centriole
B)ribosome
C)cristae
D)complex

Question 11

Diffusion is dependent on

A)a gradient.
B)the size of the molecule.
C)random molecule movement.
D)all of these choices are correct

Question 12

During what phase of mitosis do the chromosomes form a line along the equator of the cell?

A)Anaphase
B)Telophase
C)Metaphase
D)Prophase

Question 13

A solution which contains a high concentration of salts relative to the cytosol of a cell is a(n)

A)hypotonic solution.
B)isotonic solution.
C)hypertonic solution.
D)hypo-osmotic solution.

Question 14

During what phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope disappear and the chromosomes condense?

A)Anaphase
B)Telophase
C)Metaphase
D)Prophase

Question 15

The network of membranes that provide channels for the movement of materials throughout the cytoplasm is the

A)mitochondria.
B)Golgi complex.
C)lysosomes.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 16

Materials are packaged in vesicles for transport by the

A)mitochondria.
B)Golgi complex.
C)lysosomes.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 17

The structure that controls the movement of materials into and out of cells is the

A)nucleus.
B)cytoplasm.
C)plasma membrane.
D)endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 18

A toxin targets the enzymes active in the formation of ATP. Which of the following membrane mechanisms would be limited due to the lack of ATP?

A)facilitated diffusion
B)active transport
C)osmosis
D)facilitated diffusion and active transport

Question 19

The paired chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of a cell during

A)Anaphase.
B)Telophase.
C)Metaphase.
D)Prophase.

Question 20

One key difference between mitotic cell division and meiotic cell division is that mitotic cell division occurs in _____ cells while meiotic cell division only occurs in ______ cells.

A)active; inactive
B)somatic; non-sex
C)somatic; sex
D)daughter; parent

Question 21

A nucleotide that RNA uses but DNA does not is ___________.

A)uracil
B)cytocine
C)adenine
D)thymine

Question 22

How many nucleotides are needed to form a codon?

A)2
B)3
C)20
D)none of the above

Question 23

In mitotic division, replication of chromosomes occurs during

A)interphase.
B)prophase.
C)metaphase.
D)anaphase.

Question 24

In __________, the sequence of bases in DNA determines the sequence of bases in mRNA, and the process occurs in the __________.

A)mitosis; nucleus
B)cytokinesis; cytoplasm
C)translation; cytoplasm
D)transcription; nucleus

Question 25

Drinking a fluid that is hypertonic, like seawater, is likely to do which?

A)The seawater will draw fluid out of the body, making you thirstier than before.
B)The blood will absorb all of the salt, making you thirstier than before.
C)Red blood cells will take on water, making them burst.
D)Nothing; we normally have a lot of salt in our blood.

Question 26

What is the primary nutrient used in cellular respiration?

A)protein
B)glucose
C)ATP
D)fat

Question 27

In mitotic division, the division of the parent cell occurs by ________ during ________.

A)mitosis; telophase
B)mitosis; anaphase
C)cytokinesis; telophase
D)cytokinesis; anaphase

Question 28

The genetic code of ________ is formed by the sequence of nitrogenous ________ in its nucleotides.

A)RNA; acids
B)RNA; sugars
C)DNA; bases
D)DNA; sugars

Question 29

If a person needs to produce ATP faster than they can acquire oxygen through breathing, what type of cellular respiration will need to be used?

A)anaerobic respiration
B)aerobic respiration
C)Kreb cycle
D)mitochondrial respiration

Question 30

Mitotic cell division produces _____ daughter cells with ________ chromosome content as the parent cell.

A)two; different
B)four; different
C)four; identical
D)two; identical

Question 31

If a blood cell is immersed in a solution that causes water to move out of the cell, the solution is a/an _________ solution.

A)isotonic
B)hypotonic
C)hypertonic
D)none of these choices are correct

Question 32

If a 5% glucose solution (A) is separated from a 10% glucose solution (B) by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable to both glucose and water, glucose will diffuse from ____ to ____, and water will move via osmosis from ____ to ____.

A)A to B; A to B
B)B to A; A to B
C)B to A; B to A
D)A to B; B to A

Question 33

________ cellular respiration occurs in _________ and produces most of the ATP formed by cellular respiration.

A)Aerobic; mitochondria
B)Aerobic; cytoplasm
C)Anaerobic; mitochondria
D)Anaerobic; cytoplasm

Question 34

If you surveyed a population of cells, in which phase would most cells likely be?

A)metaphase
B)interphase
C)prophase
D)telophase

Question 35

Sperm are unique amongst human cells because:

A)only males produce them.
B)they lack a nucleus.
C)they have a flagellum.
D)they are produced by meiosis.

Question 36

Which organelle is produced with assistance from the nucleoli?

A)mitochondria
B)nuclei
C)ribosomes
D)lysosomes

Question 37

After being produced, ___________ provides the blueprint for assembling proteins.

A)mRNA
B)rRNA
C)mtRNA
D)tRNA

Question 38

Cellular respiration requires ________ to break down organic nutrients to release energy, which is captured in high energy ________ bonds.

A)oxygen; peptide
B)oxygen; phosphate
C)carbon dioxide; phosphate
D)oxygen; hydrogen

Question 39

Substances can enter a cell either with or against the concentration gradient by __________ transport, which is powered by ________.

A)passive; electrolytes
B)passive; ATP
C)active; electrolytes
D)active; ATP