Deck 1: Introduction to Statistics

Question 1

The study of statistics will require you to

A)develop new formulas for statistical procedures.
B)learn how to compute and interpret statistical procedures correctly.
C)memorize many complicated and unfamiliar formulas.
D)learn a relatively unimportant step in conducting research.

Answer 1

learn how to compute and interpret statistical procedures correctly.

Question 2

The standardized code we use for mathematical operations,the order in which we perform operations,and the answers we obtain are referred to as

A)transformations.
B)data.
C)statistical notation.
D)rounding.

Answer 2

statistical notation.

Question 3

Some of the answers we compute from statistical procedures are called

A)outcomes.
B)statistics.
C)data points.
D)computations.

Answer 3

statistics.

Question 4

Which of the following is not how you should learn statistics?

A)memorize and understand the terminology of statistics
B)make flash cards for each of the key terms
C)skim the material in the textbook and then try to do the problems
D)work the problems at the end of each chapter

Question 5

If X = 8 and Y = 10,then X -Y equals

A)18.00
B)2.00
C)-18.00
D)-2.00

Question 6

A statistics instructor asks the students to rate how well they like math.The instructor will use statistics to

A)organize,transform,perform mathematical operations,and otherwise manipulate the students' ratings.
B)design a research study looking at students' liking of math.
C)round the ratings to two decimal places so that they are more easily communicated.
D)organize,summarize,communicate,and draw conclusions about the students' ratings.

Question 7

The word empirical refers to

A)organizing and summarizing.
B)knowledge gained from theory.
C)predictions based on theory.
D)knowledge obtained through observation and measurement.

Question 8

In standard statistical notation,X and Y are used to stand for

A)each individual score obtained in a study.
B)instructions to multiply or divide in a formula.
C)instructions to add or subtract in a formula.
D)summary statistics such as sums or means.

Question 9

Empirical research involves measurement.Such measurement results in numbers or scores.These scores usually are referred to as

A)data.
B)hypotheses.
C)statistics.
D)conclusions.

Question 10

Statistics is a shortened version of

A)statistical procedures.
B)statistical data.
C)statistical mathematics.
D)statistical proof.

Question 11

While statistical software such as SPSS is a useful tool,you will still need to

A)memorize all formulas in the text.
B)know when to use each statistic and what the answer means.
C)understand the mathematical theory behind every procedure.
D)develop outstanding mathematical skills.

Question 12

When working the problems at the end of each chapter,you should

A)always look at the answers in the back of the book first.
B)never look at the answers in the back of the book.
C)use a computer program such as SPSS to check all your answers.
D)really try to solve each problem and then look at the answer in the back of the book.

Question 13

When two components are placed next to each other,such as XY,it means

A)add the two components.
B)subtract the second component from the first component.
C)multiply the two components.
D)divide the second component into the first component.

Question 14

When performing mathematical operations,unless otherwise indicated,which operation should you perform first?

A)multiplication or division
B)squaring or taking the square root
C)addition or subtraction
D)anything inside of parentheses

Question 15

For the formula ,if we let X = 361,the answer is

A)-19.00
B)19.00
C)180.50
D)130,321.00

Question 16

For X = 3.8,Y = 5,and Z = 2.5,find C.

A)30.976
B)-0.48
C)0.48
D)0.576

Question 17

Learning statistics may be most closely compared with

A)learning a new language.
B)learning how to use a computer.
C)learning how to compute complex mathematics.
D)learning how to paint a picture.

Question 18

For the formula P + Q,if we let P = 9 and Q = 13,the answer is

A)-4.00
B)0.69
C)1.44
D)22.00

Question 19

For the formula PQ,if we let P = 11 and Q = -6,the answer is

A)66.00
B)5
C)-66.00
D)-1.833

Question 20

For the formula P/Q,if we let P = 12 and Q = 4,the answer is

A)1/3
B)0.33
C)3.00
D)3/1

Question 21

Of the 63 individuals who participated in a research study,23 had blue eyes,37 had brown eyes,and 3 had green eyes.What percentage of the people had brown eyes?

A)0.5873
B)58.73
C)37
D)5.873

Question 22

For the formula [5(3)- 3],the answer is

A)0.00
B)12.00
C)18.00
D)45.00

Question 23

If your final answer should contain two decimal places,then in the intermediate steps you should

A)carry at least three decimal places.
B)round to the same number of decimal places as your final answer will contain.
C)round to the same number of decimal places as the original scores contained.
D)round to whole numbers.

Question 24

An instructor counts how many women and men there are in the class and transforms the numbers into percent.The calculator reads 75.757575% women and 24.242424% men.These final answers should be rounded to

A)75.75% and 24.24%
B)75.76% and 24.24%
C)75.7% and 24.2%
D)75.758% and 24.242%

Question 25

Always carry out your calculations so that your final answer after rounding has how many more decimal places than the original scores?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

Question 26

For any graph,whenever there is a large gap between 0 and the lowest score you are plotting,the axis is compressed using

A)unequal spacing on the labels.
B)// (two diagonal lines).
C)a gap on the X axis where it meets the Y axis.
D)very small print and equal spacing on the axis.

Question 27

If we convert the percentage 45.78% to a proportion,we get

A)0.4578
B)4.578
C)45.78
D)457.8

Question 28

A decimal number between 0 and 1 that indicates a fraction of the total is called a

A)percentage.
B)proportion.
C)data point.
D)statistical procedure.

Question 29

For a statistics lab assignment,you must earn 75% of the points to pass an assignment worth 60 points.What score must you obtain to pass it?

A)0.80
B)1.25
C)40
D)45

Question 30

A)1/12
B)1.58
C)0.833
D)0.083

Question 31

If we perform a square transformation on the numbers 3,6,9,12,and 15,we get

A)9,36,81,144,and 225
B)6,12,18,24,and 30
C)45.00
D)1.7321,2.4495,3.0000,3.4641,3.8730

Question 32

One reason we transform data is to

A)create data that are positive numbers.
B)create data that are whole numbers.
C)make the data easier to work with.
D)eliminate inappropriate data.

Question 33

Changing a set of raw scores indicating the number of correct answers on a test into the proportion or percent correct is an example of

A)lying with statistics.
B)rounding.
C)graphing data.
D)a transformation.

Question 34

On the Y axis of any graph,as we move up the axis,the scores become

A)larger positive.
B)smaller negative.
C)larger negative.
D)smaller positive.

Question 35

If we transform the set of scores 5,8,11,and 15 by multiplying by 2 and adding 10,we are using the formula Y = (2)X + 10.The resulting set of scores would be

A)20,26,32,and 40
B)30,36,42,and 50
C)88
D)70,100,130,and 170

Question 36

Each "dot" on a graph is referred to as a(n)

A)data point.
B)score.
C)score intersection.
D)axis.

Question 37

On the X axis of any graph,as we move to the right,the scores become

A)larger positive.
B)smaller negative.
C)larger negative.
D)smaller positive.

Question 38

If we convert the percentage 0.05% to a proportion,we get

A)0.50
B)0.05
C)0.005
D)0.0005

Question 39

If we convert the proportion .097 to a percentage,we get

A)0.097 %
B)0.97%
C)9.7%
D)97%

Question 40

A)64.73
B)5,908.15
C)41,105.32
D)59,081.51

Question 41

If you were to graph the following data,which of the following series of labels would produce a graph that best represents the data? Hours Studied
Exam Score
1
70
2
79
3
86
5
98

A)1,2,3,5 on the X axis;70,80,90,100 on the Y axis
B)1,2,3,4,5 on the X axis;70,80,90,100 on the Y axis
C)1,2,3,4,5 on the X axis;20,40,60,80,100 on the Y axis
D)1,2,3,5 on the X axis;20,40,60,80,100 on the Y axis

Question 42

In creating any graph,it is important to make the spacing between the labels identifying the scores on an axis

A)reflect the spacing between the actual scores.
B)equal in all cases.
C)unequal in all cases.
D)reflect the pattern you want the scores to show.

Question 43

In any graph,the axes should be labeled in a way that

A)enhances or exaggerates the pattern formed.
B)minimizes the pattern formed.
C)always equally spaces the data points.
D)honestly presents the data.