Deck 11: One-Way Analysis of Variance: Between- Subjects and Within- Subjects Repeated- Measures Designs

Question 1

A researcher compares the height of male executives in the U.S.to the average height of males (µ = 67 inches).He determines that the average height of male executives is 70 inches (95% confidence interval [CI] 68-72).Based on this result,what would the decision have been for a hypothesis test?

A)Reject the null hypothesis.
B)Retain the null hypothesis.
C)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Answer 1

Reject the null hypothesis.

Question 2

A researcher estimates the 90% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 8.9 and a standard error ( )of 2.1.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)90% CI 4.8,13.0
B)90% CI 5.5,12.4
C)90% CI 6.8,11.0
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Answer 2

90% CI 5.5,12.4

Question 3

Which of the following explains why point estimation can be a useful procedure to estimate a population mean?

A)It defines the range of scores within which the population mean is likely to be contained.
B)The sample mean is equal to the population mean on average.
C)The sample mean is an unbiased estimator of the population mean.
D)both B and C

Answer 3

both B and C

Question 4

If the value stated by a null hypothesis is ________ the confidence interval,then the decision would likely be to reject the null hypothesis.

A)inside
B)outside

Question 5

A researcher reports that college students consume an average of 3.6 alcoholic drinks per week.What is the interval estimate in this example?

A)3.6
B)The interval estimate is not given.

Question 6

A researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 3.26 and a standard error ( )of 0.91.What is the lower confidence limit for this interval?

A)1.48
B)2.35
C)4.17
D)5.04

Question 7

A researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 3.26 and a standard error ( )of 0.91.What is the upper confidence limit for this interval?

A)1.48
B)2.35
C)4.17
D)5.04

Question 8

Which type of error is used to compute the confidence interval for one sample selected from a population with a known variance?

A)standard error
B)estimated standard error
C)estimated standard error for the difference
D)estimated standard error for the difference scores

Question 9

A researcher concludes that stress levels are higher following a major versus a minor traffic accident (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.86-3.02).If the null hypothesis stated that there would be no difference (null hypothesis: µ = 0),then what is the effect size for this confidence interval?

A)Between 1.86% and 3.02% of the variability in stress levels can be accounted for by type of traffic accident.
B)Ratings of stress shifted more than 1.86 points in the population.
C)Ratings of stress shifted between 1.86 and 3.02 points in the population.
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 10

If the null hypothesis is inside the confidence interval,then the decision was likely to ________ using hypothesis testing.

A)reject the null hypothesis
B)retain the null hypothesis

Question 11

If the value stated by a null hypothesis is ________ the confidence interval,then the decision would have likely been to retain the null hypothesis.

A)inside
B)outside

Question 12

Which type of error is used to compute the confidence interval for one sample selected from a population with an unknown variance?

A)standard error
B)estimated standard error
C)estimated standard error for the difference
D)estimated standard error for the difference scores

Question 13

A researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 9.0 and a standard error ( )of 1.03.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)95% CI 7.3,10.7
B)95% CI 8.0,10.0
C)95% CI 7.0,11.0
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 14

If the null hypothesis is outside the confidence interval,then the decision was likely to ________ using hypothesis testing.

A)reject the null hypothesis
B)retain the null hypothesis

Question 15

The confidence interval for samples selected from a population with an unknown variance is computed using critical values from the t table.This is true for which of the following types of samples?

A)one-sample
B)two-independent sample
C)related samples
D)all of the above

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the goal of estimation?

A)to determine the extent to which a result is significant
B)to estimate the significance of a result
C)to narrow in on the true population mean by defining limits within which it is likely to be contained
D)both A and B

Question 17

A point estimate is typically reported with an interval estimate.Why?

A)Using only a point estimate is associated with low certainty.
B)The interval estimate gives researchers a higher level of confidence.
C)The interval estimate adds certainty to the estimate of the population mean.
D)all of the above

Question 18

The confidence interval for one sample selected from a population with a known variance is computed using a critical value for which type of test?

A)z test
B)t test
C)none
D)both A and B

Question 19

A researcher reports with 90% confidence that 31% to 37% of Americans believe in ghosts.What is the point estimate for this interval?

A)31%
B)34%
C)37%
D)31% to 37%

Question 20

A statistical procedure in which a sample statistic is used to estimate the value of an unknown population parameter is called

A)an educated guess
B)appropriation
C)estimation
D)significance testing

Question 21

Which type of error is used to compute the confidence interval for two related samples selected from at least one population with an unknown variance?

A)standard error
B)estimated standard error
C)estimated standard error for the difference
D)estimated standard error for the difference scores

Question 22

In a sample of 14 participants,a researcher estimates the 90% CI for a sample with a mean of = 10.7 and an estimated standard error for the difference ( )of 2.9.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)90% CI 4.4,17.0
B)90% CI 5.5,15.9
C)90% CI 7.8,13.6
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 23

A researcher increases his level of confidence from 90% to 95%.What will happen to the precision of his estimate?

A)The estimate will be more precise.
B)The estimate will be less precise.
C)The precision of his estimate will not change.
D)It depends on the size of the population.

Question 24

Which of the following is a characteristic of confidence intervals?

A)The less certain an estimate,the more precise the estimate.
B)The more certain an estimate,the less precise the estimate.
C)both A and B

Question 25

In a sample of 18 participants,a researcher estimates the 80% CI for a sample with a mean of = 8.8 and an estimated standard error for the difference ( )of 1.8.What is the upper confidence limit for this interval?

A)6.4
B)7.0
C)10.6
D)11.2

Question 26

In a sample of 20 participants,a researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 5.4 and an estimated standard error ( )of 1.6.What is the upper confidence limit for this interval?

A)2.1
B)3.8
C)7.0
D)8.8

Question 27

In a sample of 26 participants,a researcher estimates the 90% CI for a sample with a mean of = 0.6 and an estimated standard error for the difference scores ( )of 0.1.What is the upper confidence limit for this interval?

A)0.77
B)-0.5
C)1.7
D)2.5

Question 28

A researcher reduces her level of confidence from 99% to 90%.What will happen to the precision of her estimate?

A)The estimate will be more precise.
B)The estimate will be less precise.
C)The precision of her estimate will not change.
D)It depends on the size of the population.

Question 29

The smaller the level of confidence,the ________ precise the estimate.

A)more
B)less

Question 30

The larger the level of confidence,the ________ precise the interval estimate.

A)more
B)less

Question 31

In a sample of 12 participants,a researcher estimates the 80% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 22.3 and an estimated standard error ( )of 4.7.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)80% CI 12.1,32.5
B)80% CI 17.6,27.0
C)80% CI 15.9,28.7
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 32

In a sample of 17 participants,a researcher estimates the 90% CI for a sample with a mean of = 7 and an estimated standard error for the difference scores ( )of 2.2.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)90% CI 2.4,11.6
B)90% CI 3.2,10.8
C)90% CI 4.8,9.2
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 33

In a sample of 18 participants,a researcher estimates the 80% CI for a sample with a mean of = 8.8 and an estimated standard error for the difference ( )of 1.8.What is the lower confidence limit for this interval?

A)6.4
B)7.0
C)10.6
D)11.2

Question 34

In a sample of 30 participants,a researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of = 0.7 and an estimated standard error for the difference ( )of 0.2.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)95% CI 0.4,1.0
B)95% CI 0.5,0.9
C)95% CI 0.3,1.1
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 35

In a sample of 26 participants,a researcher estimates the 90% CI for a sample with a mean of = 0.6 and an estimated standard error for the difference scores ( )of 1.1.What is the upper confidence limit for this interval?

A)-1.3
B)-0.5
C)1.7
D)2.5

Question 36

In a sample of 20 participants,a researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 5.4 and an estimated standard error ( )of 1.6.What is the lower confidence limit for this interval?

A)2.1
B)3.8
C)7.0
D)8.8

Question 37

In a sample of 20 participants,a researcher estimates the 99% CI for a sample with a mean of = 3.7 and an estimated standard error for the difference scores ( )of 0.2.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)99% CI 3.5,3.9
B)99% CI 3.2,4.2
C)99% CI 3.1,4.3
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 38

Which type of error is used to compute the confidence interval for two independent samples selected from at least one population with an unknown variance?

A)standard error
B)estimated standard error
C)estimated standard error for the difference
D)estimated standard error for the difference scores

Question 39

In a sample of 28 participants,a researcher estimates the 95% CI for a sample with a mean of M = 1.5 and an estimated standard error ( )of 0.3.What is the confidence interval at this level of confidence?

A)95% CI 1.0,2.0
B)95% CI 1.2,1.8
C)95% CI 0.9,2.1
D)There is not enough information to answer this question.

Question 40

Which of the following words best describes certainty?

A)inferential
B)significance
C)precision
D)confidence

Question 41

Two types of estimation are point estimation and interval estimation.

Question 42

The population variance must be known to estimate the population mean for the one-sample z.

Question 43

A point estimate is associated with a high level of confidence that the estimate is in fact equal to the population mean.

Question 44

Researchers can infer decisions made in hypothesis testing based on information provided by confidence intervals.

Question 45

The estimation formula for the one-sample z is .

Question 46

The estimated standard error is used in the formula to estimate the population mean for the one-sample z.

Question 47

The estimation formula for the one-sample t is .

Question 48

A matched-pairs design is one example of a situation in which it is appropriate to use the estimation formula for the related samples t.

Question 49

To estimate the population mean for the two-independent sample t,the sample size must be known.

Question 50

There is no difference between a point estimate and an interval estimate.

Question 51

The estimation formula for the two-independent sample t is .

Question 52

The estimation formula for the related samples t is .

Question 53

The least certain,but most precise,estimate is a point estimate.

Question 54

When the null hypothesis is outside a confidence interval,this indicates that it would likely be retained with hypothesis testing.

Question 55

The estimated standard error is used in the formula to estimate the population mean for the one-sample t.

Question 56

A researcher states that the average child acquires 2.6 taste aversions in his or her lifetime.This is an example of a point estimate.

Question 57

Confidence intervals can be interpreted in terms of the effect size.

Question 58

As the standard error increases,the precision of an estimate also increases.

Question 59

For the same data,increasing the certainty of an estimate will result in a less precise estimate.

Question 60

The smaller the level of confidence,the more precise the estimate.