Deck 16: Labour Relations

Question 1

A union representative speaking out on proposed legislative reforms that will affect the working conditions of workers is most closely associated with which of the following?

A) Social unionism
B) Worker activism
C) Pre-strike activity
D) Political modification
E) Union lobbying

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The process by which a formal collective agreement is established between labour and management is known as

A) contract ratification.
B) collective bargaining.
C) conciliation.
D) contract bargaining.
E) collective negotiating.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The CNTU is the

A) largest chartered local union in Canada.
B) Quebec counterpart of the CLC.
C) American counterpart of the CLC.
D) parent union of the CLC.
E) parent union of the Ontario Federation of Labour.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

In a ________, collective bargaining is accepted as an appropriate mechanism for establishing workplace rules.

A) union suppression approach
B) union substitution approach
C) proactive human resources approach
D) union avoidance strategy
E) union acceptance strategy

Question 5

What does the term labour-management relations refer to?

A) The process negotiating a new collective agreement
B) Relations between union members and management when the union is being formed
C) The ongoing interactions between labour unions and management in organizations
D) The process of contract negotiations for workers once they have passed their three month probation period
E) Relations between front line managers and employees only

Question 6

Victoria has become a union representative at the distribution company where she works. She plans to focus her energies on increasing annual pay raises and the range of benefits offered to full and part time workers. She also feels the warehouse needs a good cleaning and older equipment should be replaced. What would Victoria's approach be an example of?

A) Pre-strike activity
B) Social unionism
C) Information picketing
D) Political unionism
E) Business unionism

Question 7

What is the labour organization that, traditionally, represented all workers eligible for union membership in a particular company or industry, irrespective of the type of work performed called?

A) A craft union
B) An industrial union
C) An industry bargaining unit
D) A company union
E) A local/district labour council

Question 8

What is a labour organization of persons performing a certain type of skill or trade called?

A) A trade union
B) An operator's union
C) A craft union
D) A skills union
E) An industrial union

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes how the AFL-CIO and CLC are related?

A) The AFL-CIO is the major central labour organization in Canada the CLC belongs to.
B) The purpose of the CLC is social reform and it governs that area of the AFL-CIO.
C) The AFL-CIO and CLC operate independently in Canada.
D) Most international unions in the CLC are also members of the AFL-CIO.
E) The provincial, local, and district labour councils in Canada belong to both the CLC and AFL-CIO.

Question 10

Carmine is the HR manager of a large manufacturing firm that just unionized. Carmine plans to advise management to be open with the union and to listen to all concerns. In this way the workers will feel they are being heard and Carmine hopes this will translate into a more harmonious and productive workforce. What is Carmine's approach to the union called?

A) Labour relations strategy
B) Bargaining unit process
C) Collective agreement approach
D) Labour-management relations
E) Collective bargaining protocols

Question 11

What are the negotiations that take place between a labour union and an employer to arrive at a mutually-acceptable collective agreement called?

A) Collective bargaining
B) Contract bargaining
C) Union-management bargaining
D) Worker representation bargaining
E) Cooperative bargaining

Question 12

A labour union with branches and members in both Canada and the United States, the head office of which is in the United States, is known as

A) a member of the AFL-CIO.
B) a Canada-US union.
C) a North American union.
D) an international union.
E) a continental.

Question 13

The most important part of the union structure for human resources managers is the group of unionized employees in a particular area. What is this called?

A) Union
B) Local
C) Labour force
D) Bargaining unit
E) Stewards

Question 14

Chris works the assembly department of a large furniture company. Any grievances by employees in this department are brought to Chris's attention. Chris will bring the grievance to assembly supervisor and if it is not resolved he will escalate the issue to higher levels in the union and organization. What role does Chris play in the assembly department?

A) Department steward
B) Union steward
C) Local steward
D) Grievance steward
E) Employee steward

Question 15

An organizing drive has begun at a busy branch of a bank. The managers wish to avoid a union at all costs. What is this approach to labour relations called?

A) Tough bargaining
B) Union suppression
C) Union substitution
D) Union acceptance
E) Union avoidance

Question 16

Bonnie feels that the managers of the company she works for should compensate the employees more fairly. She is organizing the employees to form legally recognized group to be united in negotiating term of payment and other conditions for the employees with management. What is Bonnie creating?

A) Labour union
B) Bargaining unit
C) Negotiating team
D) Employee committee
E) Compensation board

Question 17

In order to broaden their appeal to white-collar workers, unions have focused on which of the following?

A) Heavily promoted wage gains for blue collar workers to white collar workers
B) Bargaining for internal promotions so that blue collar workers have opportunities to become supervisors and managers
C) Taken out ads in magazines and on-line publications to lobby governments for legislation to support office worker remuneration and benefits
D) Focused on work-family issues as well as health and safety risks associated with non-manufacturing positions such as repetitive strain injuries from working on VDT's
E) Invited members of company management to play an integral role in the union such as becoming union stewards

Question 18

Becoming so responsive to employees' needs that there is no incentive for unionization is associated with which approach to labour relations?

A) Positive labour relations
B) Union substitution
C) Union suppression
D) Union acceptance
E) Union avoidance

Question 19

Canada's labour laws have two key purposes, which are

A) balancing the rights of the public and protection of public welfare.
B) protecting union rights and management rights.
C) providing a common set of rules for fair negotiations and protecting public interest.
D) specifying management rights and union rights.
E) ensuring the right to unionize and facilitating the choice to remain union-free.

Question 20

Bargaining has commenced at the Airport Authority in Vancouver. The management bargaining team has as its mandate to strive for a mutually acceptable collective agreement. What is this an example of?

A) Union avoidance strategy
B) Labour relations strategy
C) Proactive human resources approach
D) Union substitution approach
E) Union acceptance strategy

Question 21

What is a full-time employee of the union, whose role is to plan and execute union membership recruitment campaigns, known as?

A) A union organizer
B) A regional representative
C) A chief steward
D) A bargaining delegate
E) A labour envoy

Question 22

Jennifer is part of union team in negotiations with management for a new collective bargaining agreement. Management is offering a pay increase 1% below what the union is asking for but will increase health and dental benefits. Jennifer and her union team meet in a separate room to discuss how they should react to management's offer. What is this meeting called?

A) Bargaining conference
B) Rebuttal forum
C) Closed hearing
D) Caucus session
E) Steward assembly

Question 23

Which bargaining approach is most often used when dealing with monetary issues, but may be used when there is a history of distrust and adversarial relations?

A) Distributive
B) Productivity
C) Concessionary
D) Mutual gains
E) Integrative

Question 24

Jodie is being encouraged to sign a card that will show she wishes the company union to represent in her in its collective bargaining process with management. What is this card called?

A) Authorization card
B) Union card
C) Collective bargaining card
D) Approval card
E) Representation card

Question 25

During a union organizing drive, which of the following is the employer permitted to do?

A) Shut down operations to avoid unionization
B) Give bonuses to employees for leading a campaign to counteract the union campaign
C) Choosing which employees can become union stewards
D) Conduct extensive background checks on those employees who are actively creating the union
E) Forbid the distribution of union literature on company property

Question 26

Which of the following represents the bargaining zone between parties A and B?

A) Party A's resistance point and Party B's target point
B) Party B's resistance point and Party A's resistance point
C) Party A's target point and Party B's target point
D) Party B's resistance point and Party B's target point
E) Party B's resistance point and Party A's target point

Question 27

The objective of ________ bargaining is to establish a creative negotiating relationship that benefits labour and management.

A) productivity
B) integrative
C) mutual gains
D) distributive
E) concessionary

Question 28

Maria joins the union after calculating that with the union she will increase her net take home pay from the company by 4% after union dues compared to the 2% per year increase she has been receiving. What is Maria's reason for joining the union called?

A) Dissonance-based reason
B) Utility-based reason
C) Political/ideological reason
D) Grievance reason
E) Career planning reason

Question 29

What is the strategy to bargaining often typified as "win-lose" called?

A) Concessionary bargaining
B) Productivity bargaining
C) Interest-based bargaining
D) Distributive bargaining
E) Integrative bargaining

Question 30

Donna is unhappy working for the printing company she joined after graduating from college. She has received little training and had been lead to believe she would learn skills that would help promote her to higher levels in the organization. Donna feels that joining the union will be the best way to improve her satisfaction working for the company. What is Donna's reason for joining the union called?

A) Dissonance-based reason
B) Utility-based reason
C) Political/ideological reason
D) Grievance reason
E) Career planning reason

Question 31

According to research, when do workers primarily seek unionization?

A) They are dissatisfied and believe that it is only through collective action that the factors causing dissatisfaction can be changed.
B) They are unhappy with the location of the firm and as a united front they feel they can influence management to physically move its operations.
C) They primarily want career advancement and feel that seeking promotions individually has not had results as management continues to hire from outside the organization.
D) A union organizer convinces them of the benefits of unionization.
E) They are extremely dissatisfied with the profitability of the company and fear their jobs will be jeopardy if they do not unite and address how the company is being managed.

Question 32

What is the area defined by the bargaining limits of each side, in which compromise is possible, as is the attainment of a settlement satisfactory to both parties, known as?

A) Distributive range
B) Bargaining range
C) Common interest zone
D) Bargaining zone
E) Settlement range

Question 33

Catherine is the lead negotiator for the union. She wants management to increase wages and vacation time for employees. Which bargaining strategy is Catherine most likely to use?

A) Productivity
B) Concessionary
C) Interest-based
D) Distributive
E) Mutual gains

Question 34

What is the process whereby a union is legally deprived of its official recognition as the exclusive bargaining agent for a group of employees called?

A) De-unionization
B) Union termination
C) Decertification
D) Collective disbursement
E) Management unification

Question 35

Who is responsible for contacting employees, presenting the case for unionization, and signing up members?

A) The in-house organizing committee
B) The union organizer
C) The regional representative
D) The union steward
E) The labour envoy

Question 36

Which bargaining strategy acknowledges the possibility of win-win, lose-win, and lose-lose outcomes, and recognizes that achieving a win-win outcome will depend on mutual trust and problem solving?

A) Integrative
B) Mutual gains
C) Concessionary
D) Distributive
E) Interest-based

Question 37

What is an alternative mechanism for certification, used in situations in which there is evidence of irregularities early in an organizing campaign such as unfair management practices, called?

A) Voluntary recognition
B) Arbitrated certification
C) A representation vote
D) A pre-hearing vote
E) Automatic certification

Question 38

The labour relations process consists of ________ steps, as outlined in the text.

A) 5
B) 3
C) 8
D) 7
E) 6

Question 39

Which type of bargaining is characterized by three distinct components: the initial point, the target point, and the resistance point?

A) Concessionary
B) Productivity
C) Mutual gains
D) Integrative
E) Distributive

Question 40

The imposition of the final terms of a collective agreement occurs through the process known as

A) mediation-arbitration.
B) rights arbitration.
C) collective arbitration.
D) final arbitration.
E) interest arbitration.

Question 41

Hayley was unable to negotiate the desired percentage of increase in wages for the members of the union but was able to improve working conditions, benefits, and flexible working hours. She feels the members will be satisfied and the union calls for a secret-ballot vote to approve the negotiated agreement with management. What is this formally called?

A) Approval
B) Consent
C) Authorization
D) Ratification
E) Endorsement

Question 42

What is the use of a neutral third party to assist an organization and the union come to a mutually satisfactory collective agreement called?

A) Arbitration
B) Intercession
C) Mediation
D) Conciliation
E) Intervention

Question 43

The section of the collective agreement that identifies the acknowledged trade union and clarifies its rights and responsibilities as the exclusive bargaining agent for the employees in the bargaining unit, is known as the ________ clause.

A) union recognition
B) union rights
C) union security
D) bargaining unit descriptor
E) union exclusivity

Question 44

Integrative bargaining is an approach that assumes that a win-win solution will always be the outcome.

Question 45

The actual settlement range in contract negotiations generally lies in the bargaining zone, between management's target and resistance points.

Question 46

Unlike conciliators and mediators, arbitrators can impose a settlement.

Question 47

What is the type of union arrangement in which union membership and payment of dues are mandatory conditions of employment?

A) Maintenance-of-membership
B) Closed shop
C) The Rand formula
D) Union shop
E) Dues shop

Question 48

Bargaining that is aimed at seeking win-win solutions to labour relations issues is ________ bargaining.

A) productivity
B) integrative
C) union acceptance
D) mutual gains
E) distributive

Question 49

Collective bargaining is the negotiations that take place between management and employees directly.

Question 50

Unionized employees at a pharmaceutical company learn that management is eliminating bonuses and go on strike without waiting for union leaders to address this situation. What is this type of strike called?

A) Wildcat strike
B) Membership strike
C) Unsolicited strike
D) Independent strike
E) Lockout strike

Question 51

What is the most restrictive form of union security where only union members in good standing may be hired by the employer to perform bargaining union work known as?

A) Secure shop
B) Preventive shop
C) Union shop
D) Approved shop
E) Closed shop

Question 52

The primary goal of the labour unions active in Canada is to obtain job security for their members.

Question 53

A lockout occurs when an employer legally prohibits bargaining unit employees from entering the company premises.

Question 54

What is the memorandum of settlement?

A) Management's agreement to bargain with the union
B) A summary of terms and conditions agreed to by the parties
C) A proposal for negotiation
D) The signed collective agreement
E) The union's agreement to bargain with management

Question 55

Which type of union arrangement recognizes the fact that the union must represent all employees in the bargaining unit, but membership in the union is not mandatory?

A) Open shop
B) Union shop
C) Closed shop
D) The Rand formula
E) Maintenance-of-membership

Question 56

The group of employees in a firm, plant, or industry that has been recognized by an employer or certified by a LRB as appropriate for collective bargaining purposes is known as a labour union.

Question 57

The basis of a firm's labour relations strategy is the decision to accept or avoid unions.

Question 58

Union membership in Canada has been declining rapidly as a percentage of both the civilian labour force and non-agricultural paid workers.

Question 59

A wildcat strike may be legal or illegal, depending on its timing.

Question 60

What is the final and binding process, through which disputes arising out of the interpretation or application of a collective agreement are settled, known as?

A) Binding arbitration
B) Interest arbitration
C) Final arbitration
D) Rights arbitration
E) Dispute arbitration

Question 61

Peter owns a large giftware distribution company with his wife, Mary. Mary informs Peter that some employees are actively seeking support to form a union. Discuss how Peter and Mary should respond to this if they would prefer to maintain a non-unionized organization and discuss what they can legally do during the union campaign.

Question 62

Jaime's company has just been unionized by the Canadian Auto Workers. None of the supervisors has worked in a unionized company before and Jaime has to outline the grievance procedure for the supervisors. Provide an outline of the entire grievance/arbitration process for Jaime to use that includes a description of each step.

Question 63

Identify and briefly describe the five steps of the labour relations process.