Deck 10: Within-Subjects Designs: Part 1

Question 1

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

A) there are no testing effects
B) mortality does not occur
C) individual differences remain constant across comparison groups
D) maturation cannot occur

Answer 1

there are no testing effects

Question 2

______ is a threat to internal validity stemming from either long-term or short-term physiological changes occurring within the participants that may influence the dependent variable.

A) Maturation
B) Attrition
C) Mortality
D) Instrumentation

Answer 2

Maturation

Question 3

______ is the differential dropping out of participants from a study.

A) Attrition
B) A carryover effect
C) A testing effect
D) Retention

Answer 3

Attrition

Question 4

If a researcher wants to complete an initial assessment on a group of participants this is referred to as:

A) a behavioral diary.
B) a case study.
C) a baseline measurement.
D) counterbalancing.

Question 5

A _____is a self-report data collection strategy in which individuals record their behaviors and associated feelings concurrently.

A) behavioral diary
B) repeated measure design
C) case study
D) history

Question 6

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

A) testing effect can't happen
B) mortality can't happen
C) individual differences remain constant across comparison groups
D) maturation can't happen

Question 7

______ is a threat to internal validity due to an external event that can potentially influence participants' behavior during an experiment.

A) Maturation
B) History
C) Instrumentation
D) Attrition

Question 8

A _____ focuses on a within-subjects design in which participants are measured before and after exposure to a treatment or intervention.

A) repeated-measures design
B) pretest-posttest design
C) dependent means t-test
D) paired samples t-test

Question 9

Which of the following is a possible solution to a threat of internal validity?

A) make continuation in the study appealing
B) not using distractor items
C) change the participants during the study
D) decrease time between the different conditions

Question 10

______ is a threat to internal validity due to changes in how a variable is measured during the course of an experiment.

A) A testing effect
B) A carryover effect
C) A practice effect
D) Instrumentation

Question 11

_____ is a threat to the internal validity of a study because participants' scores may change on subsequent measurements simply because of increased familiarity.

A) Instrumentation
B) A carryover effect
C) A testing effect
D) A practice effect

Question 12

_______,also known as attrition,is the differential dropping out of participants from a study.

A) An order effect
B) Retention
C) Carryover
D) Mortality

Question 13

The _____ is a deterioration in measurements due to participants becoming tired,less attentive,or careless during the course of the study.

A) sensitization effect
B) fatigue effect
C) carryover effect
D) practice effect

Question 14

In a _____ participants are repeatedly measured on the dependent variable over time.

A) Latin square design
B) repeated-measures design
C) longitudinal design
D) pretest-posttest design

Question 15

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

A) fewer research participants needed
B) attrition can't happen
C) testing effects don't happen
D) instrumentation isn't needed

Question 16

______ refers to the exposure to earlier experimental conditions,which can influence responses on subsequent experimental conditions.

A) History
B) Instrumentation
C) A sensitization effect
D) A carryover effect

Question 17

Repeated-measures design,unlike pretest-posttest designs,do NOT include:

A) a case study.
B) a sensitization effect.
C) a baseline measurement.
D) instrumentation.

Question 18

_____ is a threat to internal validity in a within-subjects design resulting from the influence that the sequence of experiment conditions can have on the dependent variable.

A) A carryover effect
B) A practice effect
C) History
D) An order effect

Question 19

_____ describes changes in a participant's responses or behavior due to increased experience with the measurement.

A) A practice effect
B) An order effect
C) A carryover effect
D) Maturation

Question 20

______ is a type of within-subjects design in which participants are exposed to each level of the independent variable and are measured on the dependent variable after each level.

A) A pretest-posttest design
B) A repeated-measures design
C) A multigroup design
D) A Latin square design