Deck 4: Information Security and Controls

Question 1

Organizations utilize layers of controls because they face so many diverse threats to information security.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Dumpster diving is always illegal because it involves trespassing on private property.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Organizations use authentication to establish privileges to systems operations.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Public-key encryption uses two different keys, one public and one private.

Question 5

Trojan horses are software programs that hide in other computer programs and reveal their designed behavior only when they are activated.

Question 6

IT security is the responsibility of everyone in the organization.

Question 7

The higher the level of an employee in organization, the greater the threat that he or she poses to the organization.

Question 8

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems require human data input.

Question 9

Risk analysis involves determining whether security programs are working.

Question 10

The security of each computer on the Internet is independent of the security of all other computers on the Internet.

Question 11

Cyberterrorism is usually carried out by nations.

Question 12

Cyberterrorism and cyberwarfare can attack supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems to cause widespread physical damage.

Question 13

Voice recognition is an example of "something a user does" authentication.

Question 14

Zero-day attacks use deceptive e-mails to acquire sensitive personal information.

Question 15

The area located between two firewalls within an organization is called the demilitarized zone.

Question 16

Having one backup of your business data is sufficient for security purposes.

Question 17

Software can be copyrighted.

Question 18

A password refers to "something the user is."

Question 19

In most cases, cookies track your path through Web sites and are therefore invasions of your privacy.

Question 20

The computing skills necessary to be a hacker are decreasing.

Question 21

A _____ is a document that grants the holder exclusive rights on an invention for 20 years.

A) copyright
B) patent
C) trade secret
D) knowledge base
E) private property notice

Question 22

Cybercriminals can obtain the information they need in order to assume another person's identity by:

A) Infiltrating an organization that stores large amounts of personal information.
B) Phishing.
C) Hacking into a corporate database.
D) Stealing mail.
E) All of the above are strategies to obtain information to assume another person's identity.

Question 23

An organization's e-mail policy has the least impact on which of the following software attacks?

A) virus
B) worm
C) phishing
E) spear phishing
E) zero-day

Question 24

A URL that begins with https rather than http indicates that the site transmits using an extra layer of security called transport layer security.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a consequence of poor information security practices?

A) Stolen information
B) Stolen identities
C) Financial loss
D) Loss of service
E) All of the above are consequences of poor information security practices.

Question 26

The computing skills necessary to be a hacker are decreasing for which of the following reasons?

A) More information systems and computer science departments are teaching courses on hacking so that their graduates can recognize attacks on information assets.
B) Computer attack programs, called scripts, are available for download from the Internet.
C) International organized crime is training hackers.
D) Cybercrime is much more lucrative than regular white-collar crime.
E) Almost anyone can buy or access a computer today.

Question 27

In its study of various organizations, the Ponemon Institute found that the most common cause of data breaches was:

A) weak passwords.
B) unattended computers.
C) employee negligence.
D) contract labor, such as consultants.
E) poor antivirus software.

Question 28

Which of the following factors is not increasing the threats to information security?

A) smaller computing devices
B) downstream liability
C) the Internet
D) limited storage capacity on portable devices
E) due diligence

Question 29

The most overlooked people in information security are:

A) consultants and temporary hires.
B) secretaries and consultants.
C) contract laborers and executive assistants.
D) janitors and guards.
E) executives and executive secretaries.

Question 30

A pharmaceutical company's research and development plan for a new class of drugs would be best described as which of the following?

A) Copyrighted material
B) Patented material
C) A trade secret
D) A knowledge base
E) Public property

Question 31

Unintentional threats to information systems include all of the following except:

A) malicious software
B) tailgating
C) power outage
D) lack of user experience
E) tornados

Question 32

The cost of a stolen laptop includes all of the following except:

A) Loss of intellectual property
B) Loss of data
C) Backup costs
D) Loss of productivity
E) Replacement cost

Question 33

A _____ is any danger to which an information resource may be exposed.

A) vulnerability
B) risk
C) control
D) threat
E) compromise

Question 34

A _____ is intellectual work that is known only to a company and is not based on public information.

A) copyright
B) patent
C) trade secret
D) knowledge base
E) private property

Question 35

A VPN is a network within the organization.

Question 36

An information system's _____ is the possibility that the system will be harmed by a threat.

A) vulnerability
B) risk
C) control
D) danger
E) compromise

Question 37

_____ involves building an inappropriate trust relationship with employees for the purpose of gaining sensitive information or unauthorized access privileges.

A) Tailgating
B) Hacking
C) Spoofing
D) Social engineering
E) Spamming

Question 38

Dumpster diving is:

A) always illegal because it is considered trespassing.
B) never illegal because it is not considered trespassing.
C) typically committed for the purpose of identity theft.
D) always illegal because individuals own the material in the dumpster.
E) always legal because the dumpster is not owned by private citizens.

Question 39

Employees in which functional areas of the organization pose particularly grave threats to information security?

A) human resources, finance
B) human resources, management information systems
C) finance, marketing
D) operations management, management information systems
E) finance, management information systems

Question 40

Rank the following in terms of dollar value of the crime, from highest to lowest.

A) robbery - white collar crime - cybercrime
B) white collar crime - extortion - robbery
C) cybercrime - white collar crime - robbery
D) cybercrime - robbery - white collar crime
E) white collar crime - burglary - robbery

Question 41

Which of the following is not a characteristic of strong passwords?

A) They are difficult to guess.
B) They contain special characters.
C) They are not a recognizable word.
D) They are not a recognizable string of numbers
E) They tend to be short so they are easy to remember.

Question 42

Passwords and passphrases are examples of:

A) something the user is.
B) something the user wants.
C) something the user has.
D) something the user knows.
E) something the user does.

Question 43

_____ controls are concerned with user identification, and they restrict unauthorized individuals from using information resources.

A) Access
B) Physical
C) Data security
D) Administrative
E) Input

Question 44

Access controls involve _____ before _____.

A) biometrics, signature recognition
B) authentication, authorization
C) iris scanning, voice recognition
D) strong passwords, biometrics
E) authorization, authentication

Question 45

Voice and signature recognition are examples of:

A) something the user is.
B) something the user wants.
C) something the user has.
D) something the user knows.
E) something the user does.

Question 46

A _____ attack uses deception to fraudulently acquire sensitive personal information by masquerading as an official e-mail.

A) Zero-day
B) Denial-of-service
C) Distributed denial-of-service
D) Phishing
E) Brute force dictionary

Question 47

Which of the following is not a strategy for mitigating the risk of threats against information?

A) Continue operating with no controls and absorb any damages that occur
B) Transfer the risk by purchasing insurance.
C) Implement controls that minimize the impact of the threat
D) Install controls that block the risk.
E) All of the above are strategies for mitigating risk.

Question 48

Which of the following is(are) designed to use your computer as a launch pad for sending unsolicited e-mail to other computers?

A) Spyware
B) Spamware
C) Adware
D) Viruses
E) Worms

Question 49

_____ is the process in which an organization assesses the value of each asset being protected, estimates the probability that it will be compromised, and compares the probable costs of an attack with the costs of protecting the asset.

A) Risk management
B) Risk analysis
C) Risk mitigation
D) Risk acceptance
E) Risk transference

Question 50

In _____, the organization takes concrete actions against risks.

A) risk management
B) risk analysis
C) risk mitigation
D) risk acceptance
E) risk transference

Question 51

_____ are segments of computer code that attach to existing computer programs and perform malicious acts.

A) Viruses
B) Worms
C) Trojan horses
D) Back doors
E) Logic bombs

Question 52

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Credit card companies usually block stolen credit cards rather than prosecute.
B) People tend to shortcut security procedures because the procedures are inconvenient.
C) It is easy to assess the value of a hypothetical attack.
D) The online commerce industry isn't willing to install safeguards on credit card transactions.
E) The cost of preventing computer crimes can be very high.

Question 53

Which of the following statements concerning the difficulties in protecting information resources is not correct?

A) Computing resources are typically decentralized.
B) Computer crimes often remain undetected for a long period of time.
C) Rapid technological changes ensure that controls are effective for years.
D) Employees typically do not follow security procedures when the procedures are inconvenient.
E) Computer networks can be located outside the organization.

Question 54

Biometrics are an example of:

A) something the user is.
B) something the user wants.
C) something the user has.
D) something the user knows.
E) something the user does.

Question 55

In _____, the organization purchases insurance as a means to compensate for any loss.

A) risk management
B) risk analysis
C) risk mitigation
D) risk acceptance
E) risk transference

Question 56

In a _____ attack, a coordinated stream of requests is launched against a target system from many compromised computers at the same time.

A) phishing
B) zero-day
C) worm
D) back door
E) distributed denial-of-service

Question 57

_____ are segments of computer code embedded within an organization's existing computer programs that activate and perform a destructive action at a certain time or date.

A) Viruses
B) Worms
C) Trojan horses
D) Back doors
E) Logic bombs

Question 58

The term _____ refers to clandestine software that is installed on your PC through duplicitous channels but is not particularly malicious.

A) Alien software
B) Virus
C) Worm
D) Back door
E) Logic bomb

Question 59

_____ are software programs that hide in other computer programs and reveal their designed behavior only when they are activated.

A) Viruses
B) Worms
C) Trojan horses
D) Back doors
E) Logic bombs

Question 60

When companies attempt to counter _____ by requiring users to accurately select characters in turn from a series of boxes, attackers respond by using _____.

A) keyloggers, screen scrapers
B) screen scrapers, uninstallers
C) keyloggers, spam
D) screen scrapers, keyloggers
E) spam, keyloggers

Question 61

Organizations use hot sites, warm sites, and cold sites to insure business continuity. Which of the following statements is not true?

A) A cold site has no equipment.
B) A warm site has no user workstations.
C) A hot site needs to be located close to the organization's offices.
D) A hot site duplicates all of the organization's resources.
E) A warm site does not include actual applications.

Question 62

Identify and discuss the factors that are contributing to the increasing vulnerability of organizational information assets.

Question 63

Bob is using public key encryption to send a message to Ted. Bob encrypts the message with Ted's _____ key, and Ted decrypts the message using his _____ key.

A) public, public
B) public, private
C) private, private
D) private, public
E) none of these

Question 64

Refer to IT's About Business 4.2 - Virus Attack Hits the University of Exeter. Which of the following statements about the virus attack is true?

A) The attack was confined to the Exeter campus.
B) Telephone service was not disrupted.
C) It took three days to clean infected computers and bring the network back into operation.
D) Only the PCs owned by the University had to be scanned.
E) The attack did not affect the professors' ability to run their classes.

Question 65

Refer to IT's About Business 4.4 - Information Security at City National Bank and Trust: Using the M86 Security software allowed City National Bank and Trust to do all of the following except:

A) Apply policy-based standards for e-mail.
B) Comply with Sarbanes-Oxley.
C) Categorize Web sites and block questionable ones.
D) Provide all employees with secure access to external e-mail.
E) Prevent employees from downloading potentially dangerous files.

Question 66

Contrast unintentional and deliberate threats to an information resource. Provide examples of both.

Question 67

Which of the following statements concerning firewalls is not true?

A) Firewalls prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks.
B) Firewalls examine every message that enters or leaves an organization's network.
C) Firewalls filter network traffic according to categories of activities that are likely to cause problems.
D) Firewalls filter messages the same way as anti-malware systems do.
E) Firewalls are sometimes located inside an organization's private network.

Question 68

Contrast spyware and spamware.

Question 69

Refer to IT's About Business 4.3 - The Stuxnet Worm: Which of the following statements is true?

A) The worm targeted large data warehouses.
B) The worm was fairly simplistic.
C) The worm spread from Iran to other countries.
D) The worm probably only took a month to build.
E) The worm specifically targeted nuclear facilities.

Question 70

Compare trade secrets, patents, and copyrights as forms of intellectual property.

Question 71

In a process called _____, a company allows nothing to run unless it is approved, whereas in a process called _____, the company allows everything to run unless it is not approved.

A) whitelisting, blacklisting
B) whitelisting, encryption
C) encryption, whitelisting
D) encryption, blacklisting
E) blacklisting, whitelisting

Question 72

Refer to Opening Case - Cybercriminals Use Social Networks for Targeted Attacks: Cybercriminals use Facebook for all of the following reasons except:

A) It is easy to get into the Facebook code itself.
B) People trust messages from their Facebook friends.
C) Social networks aren't closely regulated in corporate network defense systems.
D) Many social network users aren't technology savvy and wouldn't realize their computer is under the control of outsiders.
E) There is a black market for Facebook usernames and passwords.

Question 73

Contrast the following types of attacks created by programmers: Trojan horse, back door, and logic bomb

Question 74

Contrast risk acceptance, risk limitation, and risk transference.

Question 75

Describe public key encryption.

Question 76

Contrast the following types of remote attacks: virus, worm, phishing, and spear phishing.

Question 77

Contrast the four types of authentication.

Question 78

Which of the following is not an example of a weak password?

A) IloveIT
B) 08141990
C) 9AmGt/*
D) Rainer
E) InformationSecurity

Question 79

Compare a hot site, a warm site, and a cold site as strategies for business continuity.

Question 80

Define identity theft, and explain the types of problems that it creates for the victims.