Deck 26: Non-Physiologic Functions of the Lung: Host Defense and Metabolism

Question 1

A 56-year-old woman has worked in a photography shop developing film for the past 20 years.She has a long history of shortness of breath and chronic cough,which have progressively become worse.Her FEV₁ and FVC values were reduced,but the FEV₁/FVC ratio was within the normal range.Her diffusion capacity,as measured with DLco,was low,at 15 mL/minute/mm Hg.Bronchoalveolar lavage and tissue biopsy were performed.The lavage sample revealed high numbers of abnormal-appearing macrophages and high numbers of dead macrophages. What type of pathologic process would you expect to find?

A)Peribronchial inflammation with eosinophils
B)Granuloma-like lesion in the terminal bronchioles with interstitial fibrosis and large foamy macrophages
C)Interstitial edema fluid accumulation with neutrophil infiltrate
D)Emphysematous lesion with large alveoli and minimum interstitial fibrosis

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A 56-year-old woman has worked in a photography shop developing film for the past 20 years.She has a long history of shortness of breath and chronic cough,which have progressively become worse.Her forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁)and forced vital capacity (FVC)values were reduced,but the FEV₁/FVC ratio was within the normal range.Her diffusion capacity,as measured with diffusion of carbon monoxide in the lungs (DLco),was low,at 15 mL/minute/mm Hg.Bronchoalveolar lavage and tissue biopsy were performed.The lavage sample revealed high numbers of abnormal-appearing macrophages and high numbers of dead macrophages. What type of lung disease do you suspect?

A)Restrictive disease
B)Obstructive disease
C)Infectious disease
D)Lung cancer
E)Genetically inherited disease

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A 56-year-old woman has worked in a photography shop developing film for the past 20 years.She has a long history of shortness of breath and chronic cough,which have progressively become worse.Her FEV₁ and FVC values were reduced,but the FEV₁/FVC ratio was within the normal range.Her diffusion capacity,as measured by DLco,was low,at 15 mL/min/mm Hg.Bronchoalveolar lavage and tissue biopsy were performed.The lavage sample revealed high numbers of abnormal-appearing macrophages and high numbers of dead macrophages. What is the specific diagnosis?

A)Allergic airway disease
B)Chronic bronchitis
C)Silicosis
D)Pneumoconiosis
E)Tuberculosis

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A 50-year-old male coal miner has a long history of lung disease.Where in the lung would you expect to find the greatest deposition of inhaled coal dust?

A)Terminal bronchioles
B)Bronchi
C)Nonrespiratory bronchioles
D)Alveolus
E)Trachea

Question 5

A 16-year-old girl develops shortness of breath,runny nose,wheezing,and chest tightening with no fever.A spirometry test is performed and reveals that her FEV₁ is reduced and the ratio of FEV₁ to FVC is abnormal.Her FEV₁ improves by 15% after bronchodilator use.A chest radiograph is also obtained.The family mentions that they purchased a cat several weeks ago.You suspect allergic asthma. Increased levels of what type of serum antibody would you like to see to confirm your diagnosis?

A)Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
B)IgG
C)IgM
D)IgE
E)IgD

Question 6

The four cell types that contribute to the quantity and composition of mucus include:

A)Type II epithelial cells,mucous and serous cells within the submucosal tracheobronchial glands,and Clara cells
B)Type II epithelial cells,mucous cells within the submucosal tracheobronchial glands,goblet cells,and Clara cells
C)Type II epithelial cells,mucous and serous cells within the submucosal tracheobronchial glands,and goblet cells
D)Goblet cells,mucous and serous cells within the submucosal tracheobronchial glands,and Clara cells