Deck 16: C: Therapies

Question 1

Rihanna goes to a mental health professional for help with her depression.At the end of her session,the therapist writes Rihanna a prescription for an antidepressant drug.Rihanna's therapist is likely a:\

A)clinical social worker.
B)psychiatrist.
C)clinical psychologist.
D)counselling psychologist.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Today,people in need of serious,long-term care often live in _________________,which are a humane alternative to the institutions of the past.

A)deinstitutionalized homes
B)residential treatment centres
C)asylums
D)high-security prisons

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE regarding court-ordered treatments in the U.S.?

A)Individuals with schizophrenia are more likely to receive involuntary treatment.
B)Individuals who are lower in socioeconomic status are more likely to receive involuntary treatment.
C)Individuals who are higher in socioeconomic status are more likely to receive involuntary treatment.
D)Individuals from African-American or Latino backgrounds are less likely to receive involuntary treatment.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following mental health professionals is most likely to have a PhD (rather than a medical degree)and diagnose and treat a wide range of mental health issues (from mild to severe)?

A)clinical psychologist
B)research psychologist
C)psychiatrist
D)counselling psychologist

Question 5

Lindsay has been experiencing a great deal of stress during her first year of college.She checks out a book from the library which promises to help people find strategies for reducing stress.Lindsay is using __________ to help her learn to cope with her stress.

A)bibliotherapy
B)community psychology
C)a systems approach
D)psychoanalysis

Question 6

A(n)_____________ is a statistical method that helps researchers to combine the findings from several research studies.

A)meta-analysis
B)experimental design
C)correlation
D)factor analysis

Question 7

Therapeutic alliance refers to

A)the combined effectiveness of psychotherapy and drug treatments.
B)the professional organization of psychologists,counsellors,and therapists.
C)the relationship that emerges between patient and therapist during therapy.
D)the organization tasked with empirically testing the effectiveness of psychological treatments.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an issue with testing the effectiveness of a psychological treatment?

A)Randomly assigning participants to a control group can be considered unethical.
B)Double-blind experiments are impossible.
C)Therapists can vary in their relevant skills and approaches.
D)It is difficult to find large enough sample sizes to test most psychological treatments.

Question 9

If you or a family member were suffering from a severe mental illness,you would most likely be treated by a(n)_____________ psychologist.

A)research
B)counselling
C)academic
D)clinical

Question 10

Which area of psychology focuses on identifying how an individual's mental health is influenced by factors such as the neighbourhood,economics,and social groups?

A)socioeconomic psychology
B)holistic psychology
C)family psychology
D)community psychology

Question 11

A major goal of modern inpatient psychiatric treatment is

A)keeping people with mental illness out of the community.
B)permanently curing a patient's mental illness.
C)helping residents become reintegrated into society.
D)administering more invasive therapy techniques (e.g. ,electroconvulsive therapy).

Question 12

According to your textbook,two of the major logistical barriers to psychological treatment are

A)time and money.
B)a lack of available trained mental health professionals.
C)rigid diagnostic criteria for mental illness.
D)negative side effects from drug treatments.

Question 13

Empirically supported treatments refer to treatments

A)that are used by largest number of therapists.
B)that encourage a therapeutic alliance.
C)that have been tested and evaluated.
D)which have been shown to be effective 100% of the time.

Question 14

Dr.Snider has a PhD and works in a hospital (without a medical degree),where she diagnoses and treats patients with severe psychological disorders,such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Dr.Snider is likely a

A)psychiatrist.
B)research psychologist.
C)clinical psychologist.
D)counselling psychologist.

Question 15

According to your textbook,analysis of several studies investigating the effectiveness of the self-help book Feeling Good,suggests that self-help books have _________ on well-being.

A)no effects at all
B)a detrimental effect
C)a large beneficial effect
D)potential beneficial effects

Question 16

The development of successful medications to treat psychological disorders allowed many patients to return to regular society and caused a shift away from inpatient facilities;a movement known as

A)deinstitutionalization.
B)inpatient mobilization.
C)institutionalization.
D)therapeutic alliance.

Question 17

Thanks to the _________________ movement,the majority of mental institutions in the Canada have been closed.

A)deinstitutionalization
B)inpatient
C)involuntary treatment
D)community psychology

Question 18

Gender roles often result in

A)men seeking help for mental illness less frequently than women.
B)women seeking help for mental illness less frequently than men.
C)men experiencing more severe symptoms of mental illness than women.
D)women experiencing more severe symptoms of mental illness than men.

Question 19

Empirically supported treatments are also known as:

A)bibliotherapies.
B)evidence-based therapies.
C)psychotherapies.
D)insight therapies.

Question 20

Physicians who specialize in mental health and diagnose and treat mental disorders primarily by prescribing medications are called

A)psychiatrists.
B)clinical psychologists.
C)counselling psychologists.
D)experimental psychologists.

Question 21

Julio tells his therapist that he dreamt of a large blue monster that was about to eat him.His therapist interpreted this dream as representing Julio's abusive father.According to dream analysis,the manifest content is

A)Julio.
B)Julio's father.
C)the abuse.
D)the large blue monster.

Question 22

Shondra has been in therapy with Dr.Williams for two months when she suddenly starts making jokes,avoiding his questions,and skipping appointments.Shondra is likely experiencing

A)free association.
B)resistance.
C)transference.
D)working through.

Question 23

Free association is a technique used in ___________ therapy.

A)psychodynamic
B)family
C)person-centred
D)cognitive-behavioural

Question 24

According to Freud,the ___________ content of the dream refers to the hidden,symbolic meaning of the dream.

A)manifest
B)idiographic
C)latent
D)insightful

Question 25

Which of the following does humanistic therapy emphasize?

A)unconscious thoughts and desires
B)personal growth and strengths
C)abnormal thought processes
D)family dynamics

Question 26

Amal begins to project his anxieties and unresolved feelings about his mother onto his therapist.This is what Freud would have called

A)free association.
B)resistance.
C)transference.
D)therapeutic alliance.

Question 27

According to Freud,when you awaken in the morning and remember a dream,you recall the dream's

A)latent content.
B)deep meaning.
C)surface meaning.
D)manifest content.

Question 28

Laura has had many different jobs,but she always does something to get herself fired.After about fifteen therapy sessions,during which she explores her earliest memories,she has an insight.She comes to believe that sabotaging her jobs is her way of expressing anger toward her father,who had always put his job before his family.What method of therapy is Laura most likely engaged in?

A)psychoanalysis
B)behavioural therapy
C)cognitive therapy
D)humanist therapy

Question 29

Starting in the 1970s,a program called Scared Straight exposed at-risk youth to the harsh reality of prison life.According to your textbook,which of the following is true about this program?

A)It significantly reduced crime rates among troubled youth.
B)The program did not reduce the risk of incarceration among the participants.
C)The majority of participants went on to commit violent crimes.
D)The program worked,but the effect was small.

Question 30

____________ is a type of psychodynamic therapy that focuses primarily on how early childhood experiences and emotional attachments influence later psychological functioning.

A)Object relations therapy
B)Systems therapy
C)Family therapy
D)Client-centred therapy

Question 31

Freud believed that patients could not resolve their psychological conflicts without the help of a therapist.This was primarily because Freud believed that

A)non-psychologists do not have the training to understand their own thoughts.
B)psychological conflicts are located in the unconscious mind and are difficult to access.
C)although most people are consciously aware of their inner conflicts,they are not willing to admit them.
D)people with psychological issues are not in the right mindset to appraise their internal feelings.

Question 32

The ultimate goal of humanistic psychotherapy is for people to

A)change their maladaptive behaviours and reactions to challenging situations.
B)change their maladaptive thoughts about themselves and their life circumstances.
C)gain insight and move forward in achieving self-actualization.
D)uncover the hidden motivations that impact their thoughts and behaviours.

Question 33

The main objective of insight therapies is to give people

A)feedback from their biologically controlled responses.
B)help in understanding perceptual processes.
C)basic training in observational learning and practice.
D)an understanding of their psychological problems.

Question 34

Bart is asked by his psychotherapist to close his eyes.After a few minutes of relaxing,the therapist asks Bart to discuss whatever comes to mind and to continue without censoring any of the ideas or thoughts he experiences.Bart is participating in

A)dream analysis.
B)transference.
C)free association.
D)object relations therapy.

Question 35

Carlita has just come from her first therapy session.To better understand Carlita's generalized anxiety,the therapist asked her to talk about her childhood experiences and interactions with her parents and has asked her to keep a dream journal for the next several weeks.Which type of therapy does her therapist appear to be using?

A)cognitive-behavioural
B)existential
C)humanistic
D)psychodynamic

Question 36

In which type of psychotherapy would a therapist attempt to uncover and resolve underlying unconscious conflicts?

A)behavioural
B)cognitive-behavioural
C)humanistic
D)psychodynamic

Question 37

In interpreting a dream,a psychoanalyst would attempt to discover/unveil the dream's _________ content.

A)latent
B)manifest
C)conscious
D)insight

Question 38

Maureen is in therapy because she is very frightened of her father.After a few months,she begins to feel frightened of her therapist also.According to Freud,this is an example of

A)therapeutic alliance.
B)resistance.
C)transference.
D)free association.

Question 39

After many sessions of psychodynamic therapy,Dan begins to experience reluctance to cooperate with his therapist and tends to avoid questions from the therapist.According to Freud,Dan is experiencing

A)resistance.
B)object relations.
C)transference
D)free association.

Question 40

An object relations therapist would be least likely to emphasize the importance of unconscious ________ impulses and needs in a therapeutic setting.

A)dependence
B)sexual
C)social
D)status

Question 41

In client-centred therapy,the nonjudgmental acceptance of all feelings the patient expresses is known as

A)conditions of worth.
B)self-actualization.
C)unconditional positive regard.
D)the phenomenological approach.

Question 42

Carl Rogers believed that _____________ was the cause of psychological health issues,and therefore ____________ was the key to helping clients get over them.

A)unconditional positive regard;conditions of worth
B)conditions of worth;unconditional positive regard
C)repression;transference
D)repression;free association

Question 43

________ developed client-centred therapy,which focuses on the patient's goals and ways of solving problems.

A)Rogers
B)Freud
C)Beck
D)Ellis

Question 44

A(n)_________ approach refers to the process of dealing with thoughts and feelings in the moment,rather than looking to the past.

A)phenomenological
B)insightful
C)transference
D)behavioural

Question 45

Which method of treating phobias involves relaxation and a step-wise progression to the feared object?

A)aversive conditioning
B)punishment
C)flooding
D)systematic desensitization

Question 46

Psychologists who practice __________ therapy focus on the client's problem behaviours and the environmental factors that trigger them.

A)person-centred
B)insight
C)systems
D)behavioural

Question 47

Amira was bitten by a dog when she was younger.As an adult,Amira has an extreme phobia of dogs,and begins to shake if she even sees a dog.A behavioural therapist would suggest that Amira's phobia is a result of

A)conditions of worth.
B)unconditional positive regard.
C)classical conditioning.
D)repressed negative emotions.

Question 48

Which of the following is a key component of Rogers's client-centred therapy?

A)transference
B)free association
C)dream analysis
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 49

Client-centred therapy is a type of ______ therapy.

A)insight
B)behaviour
C)cognitive
D)psychodynamic

Question 50

For which of these patients would systematic desensitization most likely be used?

A)Joe,who has been depressed for two years and has frequent suicidal thoughts.
B)Abner,who is sexually attracted to young children.
C)Yara,who does not interact with members of her family due to her schizophrenia.
D)Alice,who will only attend classes if they take place on the ground floor of a building.

Question 51

According to your textbook,which of the following is TRUE regarding the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapies?

A)Psychodynamic therapies are not effective for treating any psychological disorders.
B)Psychodynamic therapies are effective at treating severe depression and schizophrenia.
C)The effectiveness of psychodynamic therapies has never been scientifically tested.
D)Psychodynamic therapies may be effective at treating panic and borderline personality disorders.

Question 52

Systematic desensitization is specifically designed to help a person to deal with his or her

A)depression.
B)schizophrenic symptoms.
C)phobia.
D)addiction.

Question 53

Mahdi attempts to overcome his fear of clowns by learning how to shift from a feeling of tension to one of calm and relaxation.Next,he imagines different situations,each more anxiety-provoking than the previous.He only proceeds to the next situation if he can maintain his feeling of relaxation.Mahdi's therapist is using ________ to remove his fear.

A)systems therapy
B)conditioning
C)flooding
D)systematic desensitization

Question 54

Rhona's therapist is attempting to treat her agoraphobia by riding the subway with her during rush hour on the first day of treatment.The therapist is most likely doing this as part of a treatment known as

A)systematic desensitization.
B)aversive conditioning.
C)flooding.
D)resistance.

Question 55

Rogers asserted that an effective psychotherapist would

A)actively confront and challenge a client's erroneous beliefs.
B)interpret important transference and resistance behaviours for a client.
C)provide unconditional positive regard toward their client.
D)facilitate the exploration of a client's unconscious thoughts and feelings.

Question 56

Cherise finds out that she is being transferred to an office located on the tenth floor of a building.The problem is that she fears heights so much that she never goes above the third floor in any building.Her therapist teaches her how to relax deeply while imagining looking out over a balcony.As her therapy progresses,Cherise imagines herself on higher and higher floors.This technique is called

A)systematic desensitization.
B)aversive conditioning.
C)flooding.
D)classical conditioning.

Question 57

Gavi's mother acts as if she will be very disappointed in him if he does not become a doctor or a lawyer.Carl Rogers would refer to this as

A)resistance.
B)a condition of worth.
C)unconditional positive regard.
D)transference.

Question 58

In behaviour therapy,maladaptive behaviours are seen as

A)the result of learning.
B)the result of unconscious thoughts.
C)the result of a neuro-chemical imbalance.
D)an indicator of neurophysiological abnormalities.

Question 59

According to the textbook,research into the effectiveness of person-centred therapy has found

A)inconsistent and mixed results.
B)it to be consistently more effective than no treatment at all.
C)it to be consistently as effective as cognitive-behavioural therapy.
D)it to be effective for the treatment of severe anxiety,but little else.

Question 60

Which type of therapy is based on using learning principles,such as classical conditioning?

A)behavioural
B)insight
C)psychoanalysis
D)client-centred

Question 61

Thanks to new computer technology,virtual reality devices permit behaviour therapists to conduct _______________ in their offices.

A)free association
B)transference
C)exposure therapy
D)unconditional positive regard

Question 62

Dylan regularly tries to step back and examine his behaviour in an objective manner,as if he is an observer looking in on himself.Within the scope of mindfulness,this behaviour is known as

A)decentring.
B)interpersonal attunement.
C)a systems approach.
D)aversive conditioning.

Question 63

Franco feels like he fails at everything he tries.His cognitive-behavioural therapist helps Franco change this overly pessimistic view of himself and helps Franco to focus on more productive and rational thoughts.This part of cognitive-behavioural therapy is called

A)cognitive restructuring.
B)stress inoculation training.
C)transference.
D)exposure.

Question 64

Cognitive restructuring and stress inoculation training are techniques associated with

A)cognitive-behavioural therapy.
B)client-centred therapy.
C)family therapy.
D)psychodynamic therapy.

Question 65

The most effective treatment for the long-term treatment of anxiety disorders is

A)psychodynamic therapy.
B)treatment with anti-anxiety medications.
C)insight therapy.
D)cognitive-behavioural therapy.

Question 66

Instead of focusing just on individual family members,family therapists usually try to understand how each family member interacts with,and contributes to,the overall family dynamic.This is referred to as

A)the therapeutic alliance.
B)the systems approach.
C)insight therapy.
D)object relations therapy.

Question 67

____________ is a drug commonly used to treat alcoholism through aversive conditioning.

A)Xanax
B)Narcan
C)Antabuse
D)Prozac

Question 68

Cognitive-behavioural therapists would argue that anxiety and mood disorders are largely the result of

A)conditions of worth.
B)negative cognitions.
C)maladaptive behaviours.
D)unresolved childhood issues.

Question 69

Cognitive-behavioural therapies have been found to be especially helpful in the treatment of

A)schizophrenia.
B)depression.
C)borderline personality disorder.
D)substance abuse.

Question 70

One study outlined in the textbook suggested that virtual reality exposure therapy might help

A)suicidal adolescents.
B)girls and young women with negative body-image issues.
C)people with substance abuse problems.
D)soldiers returning from combat with PTSD.

Question 71

_________________ involves helping clients identify and change irrational and self-defeating ways of thinking.

A)Exposure
B)The systems approach
C)Cognitive restructuring
D)Stress inoculation training

Question 72

Which of the following is TRUE of group therapy?

A)It is widely regarded as the most effective form of therapy.
B)It is typically ineffective for most psychological disorders.
C)It is usually much cheaper than individual therapy.
D)Brining patients with similar disorders together can increase the severity of their symptoms.

Question 73

Jad is so afraid of germs that he wears gloves when opening doors.He is encouraged by his therapist to imitate a person in a video who demonstrates opening a door,step-by-step,without wearing gloves.Which technique is his therapist likely using?

A)flooding
B)modelling
C)systematic desensitization
D)aversive conditioning

Question 74

According to Siegel,mindfulness focuses on developing ___________,which refers to the relationship between oneself and oneself (i.e. ,knowing yourself).

A)decentring
B)stable attributions
C)interpersonal attunement
D)intrapersonal attunement

Question 75

Within the scope of mindfulness,COAL stands for

A)cognitive,objective,applied,and learning.
B)curious,open,accepting,and loving.
C)classical,operant,applied,and learning.
D)cold,offensive,angry,and lying.

Question 76

The use of Antabuse to induce vomiting when combined with alcohol,is a form of

A)aversive conditioning.
B)resistance.
C)insight therapy.
D)exposure therapy.

Question 77

________ allows psychotherapists to place persons in situations that would be difficult or impossible to do in real life in order to confront and eliminate their fears.

A)Systems therapy
B)Flooding
C)Aversive conditioning
D)Virtual reality exposure therapy

Question 78

Estella is afraid of cats.To help her overcome her fear,her mother calmly pets and strokes a cat while Estella is watching.Her mother encourages her to imitate her behaviour.Estella's mother is likely using ______ to help her overcome her fear.

A)systematic desensitization
B)aversive conditioning
C)flooding
D)modelling

Question 79

Miranda is in therapy for alcoholism,and her doctor has prescribed a treatment which will make her vomit after drinking alcohol.Why might this be an ineffective treatment for Miranda?

A)Miranda has a strong desire to quit drinking.
B)The treatment is very expensive.
C)Miranda likely has unresolved unconscious thoughts.
D)Miranda can simply not take the treatment.

Question 80

Which therapeutic technique uses punishment and other strategies to create a negative response to a stimulus?

A)flooding
B)aversive conditioning
C)systematic desensitization
D)electroconvulsive therapy