Deck 24: Disorders of the Eye and Ear

Question 1

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Conduction deafness results from inner ear damage.
B) Cochlear implants may restore hearing in cases of sensorineural loss.
C) Damage to the auditory area of the brain causes deafness in one ear.
D) Cochlear implants can replace the auditory pathway in all deaf individuals.

Answer 1

Cochlear implants may restore hearing in cases of sensorineural loss.

Question 2

What must happen for the pupil of the eye to dilate?

A) The circular muscle of the iris must contract.
B) Cranial nerve III must be activated.
C) Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system is required.
D) The optic nerve must be stimulated.

Answer 2

Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system is required.

Question 3

Which disorder is manifested by loss of peripheral vision?

A) retinal detachment
B) chronic (wide-angle)glaucoma
C) cataract
D) macular degeneration

Answer 3

chronic (wide-angle)glaucoma

Question 4

How does otosclerosis cause hearing loss?

A) fixation of the stapes to the oval window
B) adhesions between the ossicles
C) fibrosis in the tympanic membrane
D) overgrowth of bone obstructing the auditory tube

Question 5

Loss of the left visual field results from damage to the:

A) left optic nerve
B) right optic nerve
C) left occipital lobe
D) right occipital lobe
E) optic chiasm

Question 6

In a case of acute otitis media,what would a purulent discharge in the external canal of the ear and some pain relief likely indicate?

A) infection of the external ear
B) obstruction of the auditory tube
C) rupture of the tympanic membrane
D) spread of infection into the mastoid cells

Question 7

Which of the following is caused by an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens?

A) nystagmus
B) astigmatism
C) hyperopia
D) strabismus

Question 8

What does the inner ear contain?

A) malleus,incus,and stapes
B) organ of Corti and semicircular canals
C) tympanic membrane and auditory canal
D) ossicles and oval window

Question 9

Which of the following indicates corneal trauma or infection?

A) purulent discharge and redness of the conjunctiva and sclera
B) pruritic (itchy)eye with excessive tears
C) dark area in the visual field
D) severe pain and photophobia

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of conduction deafness?

A) damage to the organ of Corti
B) degeneration of cranial nerve VIII
C) adhesions reducing the movement of the ossicles
D) trauma affecting the temporal lobe

Question 11

The right eye would lose all vision if damage occurred to the:

A) left optic nerve
B) right optic nerve
C) left occipital lobe
D) right occipital lobe

Question 12

What is the basic pathologic change with macular degeneration?

A) increased amount of aqueous humor in the eye
B) movement of vitreous humor between the retina and the choroid
C) degeneration of the retinal cells in the fovea centralis
D) damage to the optic nerve and meninges

Question 13

Which of the following is a sign of a detached retina?

A) painless blurring of vision
B) eye pain,halos around lights,and nausea
C) progressive loss of central vision
D) no pain,but an increasing dark area in the visual field

Question 14

What do the extrinsic muscles of the eye control?

A) movement of the eyeball
B) movement of the eyelid
C) size of the pupil
D) shape of the lens

Question 15

Which of the following is often the first sign of ototoxicity from drugs or chemicals?

A) sudden total loss of hearing
B) tinnitus
C) severe pain in ear
D) fluid exudate draining from ear

Question 16

Which statement does NOT apply to chronic glaucoma?

A) degeneration and obstruction of the trabecular network
B) gradual increase in intraocular pressure
C) abnormally narrow angle between the cornea and iris
D) damage to the retina and optic nerve

Question 17

Which is the early effect of age-related macular degeneration?

A) loss of central visual acuity
B) intermittent pain and blurred vision
C) loss of peripheral vision
D) loss of night vision and color perception

Question 18

Why does vertigo occur with Ménière's syndrome?

A) Fluid is lost from the inner ear.
B) Increased blood pressure causes edema in the middle and inner ears.
C) Damage occurs to the vestibular branch of the auditory nerve.
D) Excessive endolymph impairs the function of hair cells in the labyrinth.

Question 19

Which of the following is a likely consequence of an untreated detached retina?

A) lack of nutrients causing death of retinal cells
B) edema of the cornea causing blurred vision
C) cupping of the optic disc with damage to the optic nerve
D) damage to the fovea centralis

Question 20

Which of the following involves a gradual clouding of the lens of the eye?

A) glaucoma
B) cataract
C) macular degeneration
D) keratitis

Question 21

Which fluid is found surrounding the optic disc?

A) aqueous humor
B) vitreous humor
C) cerebrospinal fluid
D) tears

Question 22

Trachoma is indicated by the presence of:

A) purulent exudate and red sclerae
B) corneal abrasions by the infected eyelids
C) diplopia and cloudy lens
D) ptosis and fixed dilation of the pupil

Question 23

Which fluid is constantly secreted and reabsorbed through structures within the eye?

A) aqueous humor
B) vitreous humor
C) tears
D) cerebrospinal fluid

Question 24

Severe pain develops with narrow-angle glaucoma when the:

A) pupils are constricted
B) pupils are dilated
C) lens changes shape
D) excess vitreous humor forms

Question 25

Herpes simplex virus is a common cause of:

A) conjunctivitis
B) corneal ulceration and scarring
C) eye infection in the neonate
D) total blindness

Question 26

Narrow-angle glaucoma develops when the angle is decreased between the:

A) retina and ciliary process
B) lens and ciliary body
C) iris and cornea
D) iris and lens

Question 27

The area providing the greatest visual acuity is the:

A) macula lutea
B) fovea centralis
C) optic disc
D) lens

Question 28

Which term refers to near-sightedness?

A) hyperopia
B) presbyopia
C) myopia
D) diplopia

Question 29

The lens and cornea are nourished by:

A) small capillaries
B) tears
C) vitreous humor
D) aqueous humor

Question 30

Loss of vision can occur when:

A) excessive intraocular pressure develops
B) the cornea is scarred
C) either of the preceding occurs