The History of English: An Introduction 2nd Edition by Stephan Gramley

Exercise 10

The changes that are brought about in the process of grammaticalization can be explained by using a form of logic that is characterized as abductive. It stands in contrast to deductive and inductive logic. Find out what is meant by each type and supply a syllogism for each that demonstrates how it works. You might start with the following classical example of a deductive syllogism:
A.  All human beings are mortal.
B.  Socrates was a human being.
C.  Therefore: Socrates is mortal.